Yongxi Huo Qing · new.thetea.app

Yongxi Huo Qing (涌溪火青, Yǒngxī huǒ qīng) ndi tiyi wa mtundu wapadera wobiriwira, wopangidwa ngati ngale zaung’ono za m’chigawo cha Jingxian, m’chigawo cha Anhui, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa tiyi zochepa za wobiriwira za ku China zomwe amakulunga m’timagulu tolimba, tozungulira ngati ngale. Dzina lake “Huo Qing” (火青, “chobiriwira cha moto”) likuonetsa luso lapadera la kupanga: kuyanika kwa maola makumi awiri pa nthiti ya malasha, zomwe zimapanga fungo lozama, la magawo ambiri, komanso mphamvu yapadera ya mtanda. Mu 1979, Deng Xiaoping atalawa tiyi iyi, anati: “Pamene pa ubwino, siyotsika ku Huangshan Mao Feng komanso Xihu Longjing.”

1. Magulu ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriwira (wosapangidwa kuti wovunda). Amagawidwa m’gulu la “zhucha” (珠茶, zhūchá) — tiyi wobiriwira wopangidwa ngati ngale, okulungidwa m’timagulu tolimba tozungulira. Njira yomaliza ya kuyanika ndi chaoqing (炒青, chǎoqīng), kuyanika-kukazinga m’miphika.
Gulu: Chidziwitso cha malo a chigawo cha Unduna wa Zaulimi wa Republic of China (全国农产品地理标志, quánguó nóngchǎnpǐn dìlǐ biāozhì). Tiyi wodziwika bwino wa mbiri yakale wa chigawo cha Anhui. Mu 2011, anapatsidwa chitetezo cha chizindikiro cha malo.
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Anhui (安徽, Ānhuī), mzinda wa Jingxian (泾县, Jīngxiàn), tauni ya Langqiao (榔桥镇, Lángqiáo Zhèn). Malo a chizindikiro cha malo akuphatikizira midzi 12 ya maboma: Huangtian (黄田), Yongxi (涌溪), Zhexi (浙溪) ndi zina.
Malongosoledwe a malo: 118°15′18″—118°38′18″ kumafumilo kwa dziko, 30°25′07″—30°37′52″ kumpoto kwa dziko.

2. Mbiri ndi Kufunika Kwa Chikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Yongxi Huo Qing inayamba m’nthawi ya Ming (1368–1644). Umboni woyamba wa zolembedwa — “Zolembedwa za mzinda wa Jingxian” (泾县志, Jīngxiàn Zhì) za mu 1645 (chaka chachiwiri cha ulamuliro wa Shunzhi, 顺治二年, ufumu wa Qing), pomwe zinanenedwa kuti m’dera la mtsinje wa Yongxi “kumapangidwa tiyi wabwino kwambiri” (涌溪一带”多产美茶”). Kukula kwa kupanga kunali kwakukulu m’nthawi ya Xianfeng (咸丰, 1851–1861), pamene chiwerengero cha pachaka chinafika kudani zoposa 100 (pafupifupi matani 5), ndipo 20% inali ya magulu apamwamba.

Kupanga kwa njira ya kupanga kumayamikiridwa kwa banja la Zhu (朱氏) kuchokera kumudzi wa Huangtian (黄田村). Pofuna kuti tiyi akhale wosavuta kuyenda ndi kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, amisiri a Zhu adasinthira njira ya Huizhou ya “chaoqing” (炒青), ndipo anapanga njira yapadera ya kupangira timagulu ndi kuyanika kwa nthiti kwa nthawi yaitali. Chotsatira chake chinali “ngale” zazing’ono, zolemera, zokhala ndi fungo lodziwika bwino ndi kukoma kosatha, zomwe zidadziwika mwamsanga ndi mawu akuti “fungo lozama, kukoma kokoma” (香浓味甘).

M’zaka za Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni, kupanga kunatsala pang’ono kutha. Mu 1955, tiyi adayambiranso, ndipo gawo loyamba linatumizidwa ngati mphatso kwa boma lapakati, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti opanga alandire kalata yapadera yothokoza kuchokera ku State Council ya China. Mu 1979, Deng Xiaoping (邓小平, Dèng Xiǎopíng) adalawa yekha Yongxi Huo Qing ndipo adayamika kwambiri: “Ndi wabwino monga Huangshan Mao Feng ndi Xihu Longjing” (有黄山毛峰、西湖龙井之好).
Dzina:
- “Yongxi” (涌溪) ndi dzina la mtsinje wa m’mapiri (ndi mudzi) m’chigawo cha Jingxian pamene kuli minda ya tiyi ya mbiri yakale.
- “Huo” (火) — “moto”: limasonyeza gawo lalikulu la njira ya kupanga — kuyanika kwa nthawi yaitali pa nthiti ya malasha.
- “Qing” (青) — “chobiriwira”, “wobiriwira”: limasonyeza kuti ndi wa gulu la tiyi wobiriwira.
Kufunika kwa chikhalidwe: Yongxi Huo Qing ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za chikhalidwe cha tiyi cha kum’mwera kwa Anhui (皖南, Wǎnnán), dera lomwe lapereka dziko lapansi nyenyezi zambiri za tiyi wodziwika. Tiyi amagwirizana mosaleka ndi mwambo wa luso la Huizhou ndi nzeru ya “moto wapang’onopang’ono” — ntchito yoleza, ya maola ambiri, momwe luso limawonetsedwa osati mwachangu koma mwa kudekha.

3. Kufotokozera za Zomera ndi Zopangira:

Mtundu / Cultivar: Cultivar yayikulu — Yongxi Liuye Zhong (涌溪柳叶种, Yǒngxī Liǔyè Zhǒng) — “Chilembo cha Mkuyu cha ku Yongxi”, mtundu wamba wa komweko wa Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. Ndi mtundu wa masamba apakati, wamtundu wa chitsamba. Masamba ndi ozungulira, onenepa, osokonekera ndi mphuno ya mtsinje waukulu ndi manja osowa m’mbali. Amadziwika ndi kulimba kwake kwa zinthu zosavomerezeka, zipatso zabwino, komanso kuyenerera kwa kupanga timagulu tolimba.
Kuthyola: Kuthyola kwa masika — muyeso wa “chiphuphu chimodzi ndi masamba awiri poyamba kutseguka” (一芽二叶初展, yī yá èr yè chū zhǎn). Kwa mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri, zopangira zimathyoledwa ndi manja, m’nyengo yopanda mvula, popanda mphukira zofiirira, masamba osweka kapena okhuthala.
Zofunikira za zopangira: Mphukira zatsopano, zofewa, zosiyana popanda zolakwika, zosakanizidwa zachilendo, ndi zosawoneka kufota. Kukonza kumayamba tsiku lomwelo lakuthyola.

4. Terroir ndi Zochitika pa Kulima:

Nyengo: Nyengo yamtundu wa subtropical monsoon. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka — 15.6°C, mvula ya pachaka — 1519–1800 mm, chinyezi cha mpweya — 90%. Mitambo ya masika ndi yochuluka kwambiri — gawo la masiku otentha m’masika ndi 26% yokha. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kuwala kwambiri kozungulira kuchuluke, ndikuchepetsa kusintha kwa amino asidi kukhala katekini, kusunga kufewetsa ndi kukoma kokoma. Kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa usana ndi usiku n’kwaikulu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti fungo lazonunkhira likhale lambiri.
Utali wa malo okulirapo: 400–900 mita pamwamba pa nyanja. Minda yabwino kwambiri ili patsogolo pa terroir: zigwa za Fengkeng (枫坑), Pankeng (盘坑) ndi Shijingkeng (石井坑), pa utali wa 600–900 m.
Nthaka: Nthaka ya m’mapiri ya “mchenga wakuda” (乌沙土, wūshā tǔ) ya utali wozama, pH pafupifupi 5.5, yodzala ndi zinthu zochokera kuzomera ndi ma macroelements (nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium). Mtundu wa nthaka umapatsa mpweya wabwino ndi kuthira madzi.
Ekological System: Zigwa za m’mapiri zokhala ndi mitsinje yambiri ndi mathithi, mitambo yosatha. Kuyandikana ndi madzi kumapanga nyengo yochepa yotentha ya chinyezi, yoyenera kwa kupanga mphukira zonenepa, zokhala ndi madzi ambiri.
Mpikisano wa terroir: Zigwa zitatu — Fengkeng Tuanjieyan (枫坑团结岩), Pankeng Jizhuawu (盘坑鸡爪坞) ndi Shijingkeng Yingwoyan (石井坑鹰窝岩) — zimapereka tiyi wa ubwino wapamwamba kwambiri.

5. Njira ya Kupanga:

Njira ya kupanga Yongxi Huo Qing ndi yapadera pakati pa tiyi wobiriwira: ndi imodzi mwa tiyi zochepa za wobiriwira zomwe zimayanikidwa kwa maola pafupifupi 20. Njira yonse imaphatikizapo magawo asanu ndi atatu:

“Kupha chobiriwira” / Fixation (杀青 — shāqīng): Masamba akuwotchedwa m’mphika wotentha, kuti kukoma kwa enzyme kuyimitsidwe komanso fungo latsopano likhazikike.
Kukulunga koyamba (揉捻 — róuniǎn): Kukulunga kochepa kuti mapangidwe oyamba akhazikike ndikuwonetsetsa kuti madzi a maselo atuluke pang’ono.
Kuphika koyamba — “chao toupei” (炒头坯 — chǎo tóupēi): Kuphika m’mphika kuti ziziziziritsa pang’ono ndikupanga timagulu koyambirira.
Kukulunga kachiwiri (复揉 — fùróu): Kukulunga kwowonjezera kuti mapangidwe a tsamba akhazikike.
Kuphika kwachiwiri — “chao erpei” (炒二坯 — chǎo èrpēi): Kupitiriza kupanga: tsamba likuphatikizana pang’onopang’ono, kuyamba kukhala lofanana ndi lound.
Kuyimitsidwa ndi kupumula (摊放 — tānfàng): Kuziziritsa kwapakati kuti madzi agawidwenso.
Kuyanika kwomaliza kwa nthawi yaitali — “bai laoguo” (掰老锅 — bāi lǎoguō): Gawo lofunika kwambiri ndi lapadera. Tiyi amaikidwa m’mphika wotentha ndi malasha ndipo amayanikidwa pang’onopang’ono pa kutentha kochepa kwa maola pafupifupi 20. Mmisiri amasuntha mosaleka ndi kupanga masamba, kuti akhale ofanana bwino kwambiri, ozungulira komanso ndi fungo lozama, la magawo ambiri. “Moto wapang’onopang’ono” umenewu ndiwo unapereka tiyi dzina lake — “Huo Qing” (火青, “chobiriwira cha moto”).
Kusefa ndi kusankha (分筛 — fēnshāi): Tiyi wokonzedwa amasefedwa, kugawidwa molingana ndi kukula ndikuchotsa tinthu tating’ono.

6. Zizindikiro za Organoleptic:

Maonekedwe a tsamba louma: Timagulu tolimba, tolemera, tozungulira (腰圆形, yāoyuán xíng — “maonekedwe a mkanda wamchiuno”), ofanana ndi ngale zazing’ono. Mtundu wake — wobiriwira wakuda, wonyezimira ngati mafuta (墨绿莹润, mòlǜ yíngrùn). Pamwamba pake pali tsitsi lalifupi la siliva (银毫密披). Timagulu ndi tofanana, tolimba, tolemeka m’manja — chizindikiro cha kupanga koyenera.
Fungo la tsamba louma: Fungo la maluwa oyera (清花香, qīng huāxiāng) ndi zonunkhira za ma chestnut ndi orchid. Lodziwika ndi “fungo la citron wa Buddha” (佛手韵, fóshǒu yùn) — kamvumbo kakang’ono ka maluwa a malalanje, kamene kamadziwika ndi tiyi woyanikidwa pa nthiti yaikulu. Kwa mitundu yapamwamba, fungo ndi lokhazikika, lozama, la magawo ambiri.
Fungo la mtanda: Wodzala, wonunkhira (清香馥郁, qīngxiāng fùyù). Kankhungu ka orchid kamawonekera m’mitanda yoyamba, kankhungu ka chestnut kamene mu yachiwiri ndi yachitatu. Fungo limakhala lamphamvu, pakupita kwa 4–5 kuthila madzi.
Kukoma: Kolimba ndi kodzaza (醇厚, chúnhòu), kwatsopano ndi kodzaza madzi (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng), ndi kukoma kobwerera kodziwika bwino (甘爽回甘). Kukoma kopambana kumatengedwa pa kuthilira kwachiwiri ndi kwachitatu — pomwepa kugwirizana pakati pa fungo, thupi ndi kukoma kumafika pachimake. Kupweteka kumakhala kochepa, kulibe kuwawa. Kumaliza kumakhala kwautali, kotentha, kokoma.
Utoto wa mtanda: Wosazolowereka kwa tiyi wobiriwira — wachikasu ngati ma apricot, owala ndi woonekera (杏黄明亮, xìnghuáng míngliàng). Mtundu wamtengo wapatali uwu — chotsatira cha kuyanika kwa nthiti kwa nthawi yaitali — umapangitsa Yongxi Huo Qing kukhala wosiyana ndi tiyi yambiri ya wobiriwira yomwe imapereka mtanda wobiriwira.
Pansi pa tiyi (tsamba lolowera): Mphukira zofewa, zolimba, kutseguka kuchokera m’timagulu ngati maluwa (嫩匀成朵). Mtundu wake — wobiriwira wofewa, wachikasu pang’ono. Masamba ndi athunthu, osasweka.

7. Magulu a Chemical:

Kuyanika kwa nthiti kwa nthawi yaitali komanso chiyambi cha mapiri amapanga mbiri ya chemical yapadera ya Yongxi Huo Qing:

Polyphenols (catechins): Zili mkati mwake — zochepa mwa tiyi wobiriwira. Ma catechins amapereka mphamvu zotsutsana ndi antioxidant ndi kuzama pang’ono kwa kukoma. Kuyanika kwa nthawi yaitali kumasintha pang’onopang’ono ma catechins, zomwe zimachepetsa kupweteka.
Amino asidi (m’chigawo china L-theanine): Zowonjezeka — chotsatira cha kukula pamwamba ndi kuwala kozungulira kochuluka (mitambo ya masika 74%). Zimapereka kutsitsimuka, kukoma kokoma ndi kufewera kwa kukoma.
Alkaloids: Kafeini — zochepa pang’ono. Pamakhalanso theobromine ndi theophylline, zomwe zimapatsa mphamvu zopepuka zotsitsimula komanso zochotsa madzi m’thupi.
Flavonoids (黄酮类, huángtóng lèi): Malinga ndi kafukufuku, flavonoids ndi ochuluka. Ma flavonoids amathandizanso ntchito ya antioxidant ya ma catechins.
Maminerals: Zawonedwa kuchuluka kwa zinki (锌, xīn), zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mpangidwe wa mineral wa nthaka za m’mapiri.
Mavitamini: Vitamini C, ma vitamini a gulu B, carotenoids.
Zinthu zonunkhira: Kuyanika kwa nthiti kwa nthawi yaitali kumapanga gulu lapadera la zinthu zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira za citron wa Buddha, chestnut ndi orchid — lotentha komanso lozama kuposa la tiyi ya wobiriwira yokhazikika.

8. Ubwino Wathanzi:

Kuthandiza kuona (明目, míngmù): Mwamwambo, amakhulupirira kuti kumwa tiyi wobiriwira pafupipafupi kumathandiza thanzi la maso — ma carotenoids ndi vitamini C amathandiza kuteteza ku oxidative stress.
Kupatsa mphamvu: Kafeini pamodzi ndi L-theanine zimapereka chisangalalo chofewa ndi kukhazikika maganizo.
Kuchita antioxidant: Ma catechins ndi ma flavonoids amachotsa ma radicals aulere.
Kuthandiza chakudya: Ma polyphenols amathandiza kutulutsa ma enzymes a chakudya, ndikuthandiza kugawa chakudya chamafuta (消食去腻).
Kuthana ndi ludzu ndi kuziziritsa: Mwamwambo, amalimbikitsidwa m’nthawi yotentha (止渴生津, 清热消暑).
Kuthandiza thanzi la mtima ndi mitsempha: Ma flavonoids ndi ma polyphenols amathandiza kuti mitsempha ikhale yosinthasintha.
Kofunika: zikhalidwe zimenezi zachokera ku deta yomwe ikupezeka pagulu, osati uphungu wa zachipatala.

9. Kugadzira:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 85°C (madzi otentha, atazizidwa kwa mphindi ~2).
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 5 g pa 250 ml ya madzi (chiŵerengero 1:50). Timagulu tolimba timakhala tolemera kuposa tiyi wosambira, choncho mwaonekedwe gawo limawoneka ngati laling’ono.
Zombo: Kapu wagalasi — kuti muwone momwe timagulu timatsegukira m’madzi ngati maluwa a orchid (如兰花舒展). Gaiwan woyera wa porcelain — kuti muwongolere bwino fungo.
Njira:
1. Tseketsani zombo ndi madzi otentha, tsanulani.
2. Thirani 5 g ya tiyi.
3. Kuthilira koyamba — kutsuka mwamsanga: thirani madzi, dikirani masekondi angapo, tsanulani (润茶).
4. Kuthilira kwachiwiri — thirani madzi m’mphepete mwa kapu (osati molunjika pa tiyi), dikirani masekondi 10.
5. Mithiliro yotsatira — wonjezani nthawi ndi masekondi 5–10. Tiyi amatha kukhala ndi 4–5 kuthila kokwanira.
Chidziwitso: kukoma kopambana kumakhala pa kuthilira kwachiwiri ndi kwachitatu: panthawiyi, timagulu timatseguka kwathunthu, kupereka fungo lonunkhira ndi kukoma kokwanira. Mtundu wa mtanda wa apricot-wagolide ndi wachibadwa kwa tiyi uyu, osati chizindikiro cha kukalamba.

10. Kusunga:

Sungirani m’chidebe chotseka, pamalo amdima, ouma ndi ozizira, kutali ndi kununkhira kwina.
Kutentha kopambana ndi 0–5°C (firiji), m’paketi yotsekedwa bwino.
Chifukwa cha mpangidwe wake wa timagulu tolimba komanso chinyezi chochepa chotsalira (chotsatira cha kuyanika kwa maola 20), Yongxi Huo Qing amasungidwa pang’ono bwino kuposa tiyi yambiri ya wobiriwira — mpaka miyezi 12–18 malinga ndi momwe amasungidwira.
Atatsegulidwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa mkati mwa miyezi 2–3.

11. Mtengo ndi Zopusitsa:

Yongxi Huo Qing ndi tiyi amene amapangidwa pang’ono (malo a chizindikiro cha malo — midzi 12 yokha), zomwe zimamupangitsa kukhala chinthu cha zopusitsa zambiri. Mtengo umadalira gulu (special/特级, first/一级, second/二级, third/三级), chiyambi cha malo apakati (Fengkeng, Pankeng, Shijingkeng) ndi kupanga kwa manja kapena makina.

Momwe mungapewere zopusitsa:
- Kugula kwa ogulitsa odalirika ndi chitsimikizo cha chiyambi chakuchokera ku chigawo cha Jingxian.
- Kuyesa maonekedwe ndi kulemera: timagulu teniteni — tolimba, tolemera, tozungulira, ndi kuwala ngati mafuta. “Mapira” ofewa, opepuka ndi chizindikiro cha chopusa kapena kutsika mtengo.
- Kuyesa mtanda: mtundu wodziwika wa apricot-wachikasu, woyera ndi woonekera. Mtanda wobiriwira wopanda golide ungasonyeze mtundu wina wa tiyi.
- Kuyesa kukhalitsa: Yongxi Huo Qing yeniyeni imakwanitsa kuthila kokwanira 4–5. Zopusitsa zimatha mphamvu pambuyo pa 1–2 kuthilira.
- Kuganizira mtengo: mtengo wotsika kwambiri ndi chizindikiro chotsimikizika cha chopusa.

12. Mfundo Zochititsa Chidwi:

Mu 1979, Deng Xiaoping atalawa Yongxi Huo Qing, anamuika pamodzi ndi tiyi ziwiri zazikulu kwambiri za wobiriwira za ku China — Huangshan Mao Feng ndi Xihu Longjing. Mau anuwa anakhala nthano ndipo agwiritsidwabe ntchito ngati mfundo yaikulu ya malonda.
Mtundu wa mtanda wa apricot-wagolide ndi wosowa pa tiyi wobiriwira. Tiyi yambiri ya wobiriwira imapereka mtanda wobiriwira kapena wobiriwira wachikasu, pamene Yongxi Huo Qing amakhala wagolide wotentha. Ichi ndi chotsatira cha kuyanika kwa nthiti kwa maola 20, pamene kusintha pang’ono kwa chlorophyll ndi ma catechins kumachitika.
Njira ya “掰老锅” (bāi lǎoguō — “ntchito mu mphika wakale”) — kuyanika kotsiriza kwa maola 20 kosalekeza — kulibe china chofanana pakati pa tiyi wodziwika wa wobiriwira wa ku China. Iyi ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zovuta kwambiri popanga tiyi.
Pogwiritsa kapu wagalasi, kutseguka kwa timagulu kumatenga mphindi zingapo — kuwona momwe “ngale” zogundana zimatsegukira pang’onopang’ono kukhala mphukira zokwanira, ngati maluwa a orchid, ndi chimodzi mwa zosangalatsa zokongola za kumwa tiyi.
Mu 1955, pambuyo pa kuyambiranso kupanga, gawo loyamba la tiyi linatumizidwa molunjika kwa boma lapakati la China — ndipo State Council inayankha ndi kalata yapadera yothokoza, zomwe zinali chochitika chapadera kwambiri kwa tiyi wa dera.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi tiyi zina zodziwika za wobiriwira za chigawo cha Anhui:

Huangshan Mao Feng (黄山毛峰, Huángshān Máo Fēng): Tiyi wobiriwira wokazinga (烘青) ndi maonekedwe a “lilime la mpheta”. Mao Feng ndi wopepuka ndi wamaluwa, wokhala ndi zonunkhira za orchid zochuluka. Yongxi Huo Qing ndi wolemera kwambiri, wozungulira ndi “wotentha”, wokhala ndi kuzama kwa chestnut kwakukulu komanso mtanda wapadera wa apricot.
Taiping Hou Kui (太平猴魁, Tàipíng Hóu Kuí): Tsamba lalikulu lathyathyathya ndi fungo la orchid. Hou Kui ndi “wopambanitsa” ndi wozama; Yongxi Huo Qing ndi wophatikizika, wopangidwa mwamphamvu ndi wokhazikika.
Liuan Gua Pian (六安瓜片, Liù’ān Guā Piàn): “Njere za dzungu” zathyathyathya kuchokera ku masamba oyera. Gua Pian ndi wodzaza kwambiri ndi wamaluwa; Yongxi Huo Qing ndi wozungulira ndi wokoma kwambiri, ndi mpangidwe wapadera wa ngale.
Jingxian Te Jian (泾县特尖, Jīngxiàn Tè Jiān): Mzake wa kumudzi womwewo. Te Jian ndi wokhazikika kwambiri mwa maonekedwe (tsamba lokulungidwa), Yongxi Huo Qing amasiyana kwambiri ndi mpangidwe wa timagulu ndi njira ya kuyanika kwa nthawi yaitali.

Potsiriza:

Yongxi Huo Qing ndi tiyi wa anthu odekha. Maola makumi awiri a kuyanika kwa nthiti, amene mmisiri amaika mu gawo lililonse, amabweranso ndi kuzama ndi kukoma kwa magawo ambiri, komwe simachitika nthawi yomweyo koma pakuthila ndi kuthilira — monga momwe nkhungu ya m’mamawa imagwedera pang’onopang’ono pamwamba pa zigwa za mapiri za Yongxi. Ngale zake zolimbika, mtanda wagolide wa apricot, fungo la orchid-chestnut ndi kanunkhira ka citron wa Buddha ndi kumaliza kwautali kotentha — zonsezi zimapangitsa Yongxi Huo Qing kukhala tiyi wopezeka kwa iwo amene ankaganiza kuti tiyi wobiriwira nthawi zonse amakhala “wopepuka ndi watsopano”. Apa pali chobiriwira china: cholemera, chodzaza ndi chotentha ndi moto.