Tii Wofiira wa Igung · new.thetea.app

Iguŋ Hun Cha — tii wofiira wopangidwa ku famu ya tii ya Iguŋ (易贡茶场, Yìgòng Cháchǎng), famu yakale kwambiri komanso yaikulu kwambiri ku Tibet. Ili m’mphepete mwa nyanja yokongola ya m’mapiri ya Iguŋ m’boma la Bomi, pamtunda wopitirira 2 200 m, ndipo ndi imodzi mwamapulaneti apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse a tii wa organic. Tii wofiira adayamba kupangidwa kuno mu 2010, koma m’zaka khumi ndi zisanu zapitazi “Iguŋ Hun” wadziwika ngati tii wofiira wa ku Tibet wamtundu, wofinyika komanso wodzaza ndi zinthu zambiri.

1. Magawo ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tii wofiira (红茶, hóngchá) — wophikidwa kwathunthu (oxidized).
Gulu: Tii wofiira wa madera ena a China; tii wofiira wa kumapiri a organic wa Tibet.
Kochokera: China, Chigawo Cha Amuna a Tibet (西藏自治区, Xīzàng Zìzhìqū); mzinda wa Linzhi (林芝市, Línzhī Shì); boma la Bomi (波密县, Bōmì Xiàn); chigawo cha Iguŋ (易贡乡, Yìgòng Xiāng). Mapulaneti a tii ali mozungulira nyanja ya Iguŋ (易贡湖, Yìgòng Hú) ndi m’mbali mwake, mkati mwa National Geological Park ya Iguŋ.
Udindo wa malo: Pafupifupi 30.3° N, 94.9° E (dera la likulu la famu).

2. Mbiri ndi Chikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Mbiri ya famu ya tii ya Iguŋ ndi yogwirizana ndi mbiri ya nkhondo ndi ndale ya Tibet ndipo ndi imodzi mwazodabwitsa kwambiri pa ulimi wa tii ku China. M’zaka za m’ma 1950, dera la Iguŋ linakhala likulu la asilikali a 18 a People’s Liberation Army (中国人民解放军第十八军, Zhōngguó Rénmín Jiěfàngjūn Dì Shíbā Jūn) omwe analowa ku Tibet. Mu 1960, molamulidwa ndi dipatimenti ya ulimi ya Tibet Military Region, akalonga ndi asilikali ena adatsalira ku Iguŋ kuti akhazikitse famu ya asilikali (军垦农场, jūnkěn nóngchǎng). Mu 1963 (malinga ndi ena 1964), mbewu za mitengo ya tii yapakati ndi yaying’ono zidabwera kuchokera ku Mengding Tea Farm (蒙顶茶场) ya m’chigawo cha Sichuan, ndipo zinamela bwino — kumera kunafika 85%. Izi ndi pamene panayamba mapulaneti a tii oyamba m’mbiri ya Tibet. Mu 1967, ogwira ntchito ochokera ku Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps adasamukira ku Iguŋ, ndipo anapanga “5th Regiment ya Iguŋ” (易贡五团, Yìgòng Wǔtuán). Mu 1978, famuyo idasamutsidwa ku ulimi wamba ndipo idatchedwa Iguŋ State Farm (易贡农场), ndipo mu 1993 — Iguŋ Tea Farm (易贡茶场). Kuyambira 1985, boma la Fujian linapereka chithandizo chothandizira, ndipo kuyambira 2010 — boma la Guangdong. Mu 2000, kugwa kwakukulu kwa matope kunatsekereza nyanja ya Iguŋ, ndikupanga nyanja yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi; mbali yaikulu ya mapulaneti, zolemba ndi zipinda zinamira. Kubwezeretsa kunayamba mu 2008. Mu 2010, famuyo inayamba kupanga tii wofiira — “Iguŋ Hun” (易贡红), kutsekera mpata pa mitundu yomwe kale inali ndi tii wobiriŵira ndi tii wa zidutswa za Tibet (藏茶, zàngchá). Mu 2021, famu ya Iguŋ inadziwika kuti “Imodzi mwa Mapulaneti 20 a Tii a Ecological Okongola kwambiri ku China” (中国茶产业T20最美生态茶园). Pofika chaka cha 2025, famu yodziwikirayi, yomwe inapulumuka kusintha kwa nkhondo, masoka achilengedwe ndi mavuto azachuma, ikupitiriza kugwira ntchito mothandizidwa ndi gulu lakhumi la akatswiri a ku Guangdong.
Dzina: 易贡 (Yìgòng) ndi kalembedwe ka Chi China ka mawu a Chi Tibet akutanthauza “malo okongola komwe mtima umapeza chikwaniritso”; 红茶 (hóngchá) — “tii wofiira”. Mtundu wa “Iguŋ Hun” (易贡红) umagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza mitundu yonse ya tii wofiira wa famu — kuyambira “special” (臻选, zhēnxuǎn) mpaka “first grade” (一级, yī jí).
Chikhalidwe: Famu ya tii ya Iguŋ ndiye chiyambi cha ulimi wa tii ku Tibet komanso chizindikiro cha zomwe zimatchedwa “red culture” (红色文化, hóngsè wénhuà): mkati mwa famu muli “General’s House” (将军楼, Jiāngjūn Lóu) — nyumba yomwe anakhalamo mkulu wa asilikali a 18, General Zhang Guohua (张国华, Zhāng Guóhuá), nyumba yakale ya Party School ya Tibet Autonomous Region ndi zipinda zina za mbiri. Famu ikupanga chitsanzo cha “red-green tourism” (红色+绿色茶旅, hóngsè + lǜsè chálǚ), yomwe imaphatikiza kuyendera zipilala za mbiri ndi kulawa ndi kuyendera mapulaneti a tii pansi pa mapiri okutidwa ndi chipale chofewa.

3. Kapangidwe ka Zomera ndi Zinthu Zopangira:

Mitundu / Cultivar: Mapulaneti ambiri amapangidwa ndi mtundu wa Camellia sinensis var. sinensis wa Sichuan wapakati ndi wawung’ono (四川中小叶群体种, Sìchuān zhōngxiǎoyè qúntǐzhǒng), umene unabweretsedwa ku Mengding (蒙顶山, Méngdǐng Shān) m’zaka za m’ma 1960. M’zaka zaposachedwapa, mitundu yatsopano yabzalidwa: Fuxuan 9 (福选9号, Fúxuǎn Jiǔhào), Meizhan (梅占, Méizhàn), Fuding Dabai (福鼎大白, Fúdǐng Dàbái) ndi mtundu wofewa wa oolong, Ruanzhi Oolong (软枝乌龙, Ruǎnzhī Wūlóng). Mtundu wa Sichuan umadziwika ndi nthawi yayitali yopuma (mpaka miyezi 6), pomwe masamba amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma amino acids ndi zinthu zokhudza kukoma.
Kututa: Msimu wa masika (womwe ndiwo okhawo wamkulu): kuyambira kumapeto kwa March mpaka May. Mikhalidwe ya kumapiri (2 000+ m) ndi usiku wozizira zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chaka chimodzi chokha chokolola (一年一收, yī nián yī shōu), zomwe ndi zachilendo m’madera a tii ku China ndipo zimapereka kuchuluka kwa zinthu m’masamba.
Mulingo wa kututa: “Phata limodzi ndi tsamba limodzi” (一芽一叶) pa gulu la “special” (臻选); “phata limodzi ndi masamba awiri” (一芽二叶) pa gulu la “first grade”; ndipo m’magulu ena apamwamba — matupi okha (单芽).
Zofunikira pa zinthu zopangira: Kututa pamanja kwa masamba athunthu, osaphwanyika. Mapulaneti a tii ali m’dera la nkhalango za m’mapiri zosakhudzidwa; nthaka imathiridwa manyowa a organic basi; mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi ma herbicide sanagwiritsidwe ntchito konse m’mbiri ya famu.

4. Malo ndi Makhalidwe Olimapo:

Kutalika kwa kulimidwe: Mapulaneti a tii ali pamtunda wapakati pa 1 900 m (nseri ya nyanja ya Iguŋ) ndi 2 280 m (masitepe akumtunda kufupi ndi likulu la famu). Ichi ndi chimodzi mwamapulaneti a tii a mafakitale apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse.
Nyengo: Yotentha mopambanitsa malinga ndi mikhalidwe ya ku Tibet, koma yozizira kwambiri kuposa nyengo ya subtropical ya Motuo. Kutentha kwapakatikati pachaka — 11.4°C (4–5°C yotsika kuposa ku Motuo); mvula yapachaka — 960–1 100 mm; nyengo yozizira ndiyabwino (popanda chisanu choopsa — mwambo wa kuno: «冬无严寒，夏无酷暑» — “nyengo yozizira ilibe kuzizira koopsa, chilimwe kulibe kutentha koopsa”), chilimwe ndichoziziri. Nkhalango zobiriŵira mozungulira nyanja ya Iguŋ zimapereka mitambo yambiri ndi chifunga chochuluka; kuwala kwa ultraviolet pamtunda wa 2 000+ m ndikokulira kuposa madera a m’zigwa, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kupanga polyphenols oteteza ndi anthocyanins m’masamba. Kusiyana pakati pa kutentha kwamasana ndi kwausiku kumafika 10–15°C, kumachepetsa kuwononga shuga zomwe zinawunjikidwa masana pa nthawi ya kupuma usiku. Zitsamba za tii zimakhala m’malo opumulira pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pachaka — nthawi yayitali kuposa dera lina lililonse lalikulu la tii ku China — ndipo panthawiyi zimasonkhanitsa amino acids, shuga ndi zopangira fungo lapadera.
Nthaka: Nthaka ya m’nkhalango yamapiri yokhala ndi organic wochuluka; acidity (pH 4.5–6.0). Mizati ya tii imathiridwa ndi madzi osungunuka a madzi oundana a madzi oundana ndi chipale chofewa cha m’mapiri, zomwe zimabweretsa ma minerals ena.
Njira zaulimi: Famu yathunthu ya organic. Dera la mapulaneti a tii — pafupifupi 5 350 mu (≈357 ha), pomwe pafupifupi 3 200 mu ndiwo ogwira ntchito. Ulamuliro umachitidwa ndi magulu anayi opanga (茶叶一队 — 茶叶三队 ndi gulu la Danka / 单卡队). Akatswiri a Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所) amakhala nthawi zonse pafamu ndipo amayang’anira njira zopangira.

5. Ukadaulo Wopangira:

Ukadaulo wa Iguŋ Hun Cha umakhazikika pa sukulu ya Sichuan-Fujian ya tii wofiira wa gongfu (工夫红茶) ndi kusinthidwa kopangidwa ndi akatswiri a ku Guangdong ndi Sichuan. Magawo akuluakulu:

Kututa (采摘, cǎizhāi): Kusankha pamanja mphukira zofewa m’mawa dzuwa litakwera; kuwongolera mwadongosolo mulingo wa “phata + tsamba”.
Kuyala kwa pheshi (萎凋, wěidiāo): Yophatikizidwa: gawo loyambirira — pamphepo pansi pa inswa (nyengo yabwino), lomaliza — m’chipinda chopitirizira mpweya. Nthawi — maola 14–20. Chinyezi cha tsamba chimatsika kufika 60–64%.
Kunyita (揉捻, róuniǎn): Kunyita kwa makina ndi kusintha mphamvu; kupanga kunyita kolimba. Nthawi — mphindi 60–90.
Kufulumizitsa / kupsa (发酵, fājiào): Tsamba lonyitidwa limayikidwa m’chipinda chachiwisi pa 24–28°C ndi chinyezi 90–95%. Nthawi ya kupsa — maola 3–5. Kuwunika kumachitika potengera mtundu (kusintha kukhala wamkuwa-wofiira) ndi fungo (kuwonekera kwa mafungo ooneka ngati uchi ndi zipatso).
Kuuma (烘干, hōnggān / 干燥, gānzào): Kuwiri: koyambirira pa 110–120°C (kuletsa kupsa) ndipo komaliza pa 80–90°C (kukhazikitsa fungo, kuchepetsa chinyezi kufika 5–6%). Pa magulu ena, famu imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu za ukadaulo wachikhalidwe wa Sichuan ndi kuumitsa ndi moto wa nkhuni za zipatso, zomwe zimapereka fungo laling’ono la zipatso-ndi-nkhuni.
Kusankha magulu (分级, fēnjí): Kulekanitsa malinga ndi kukula kwa tsamba ndi kuchuluka kwa ma tips; kuchotsa ndodo.

6. Zokhudza Kuzamveka:

Maonekedwe a tsamba lowuma: Nthambi zofiirira zokhotakhota zolimba zokhala ndi ma tips agolide ooneka (金毫). Tsamba lamtundu umodzi, lowala, lopanda fumbi.
Fungo la tsamba lowuma: Lolemera, lakuya, ndi uchi ndi zipatso zouma monga fungo lalikulu; fungo laling’ono la chokoleti ndi fungo laling’ono la nkhuni (m’magulu omwe amaumitsidwa ndi nkhuni).
Fungo la msuzi: Magawo angapo: uchi, apulo wophika, ma apricots owuma, kusintha kukhala khungu la mkate ndi cocoa; kumapeto kwa fungo — fungo laling’ono la maluwa ndi fungo loyera la mineral.
Kukoma: Thupi laling’ono kwambiri, lamafuta (醇厚, chúnhòu); kutsekemera koyera, kooneka; kuuma kofewa ngati velvet; kukoma kotalikilapo kotenthetsera. Madzi omwe amasungunuka m’masamba a famu ya Iguŋ amatha kufika 48% (pamene muyeso wapadziko lonse ndi 32%), ndipo polyphenols a tii — mpaka 35%, zomwe zimalongosola kukula kodabwitsa ndi kukoma kokwanira.
Mtundu wa msuzi: Wofiira-wagolide, wowala komanso woonekera bwino, ndi mphete yagolide m’mbali mwa kapu.
Pansi pa tii (tsamba lophiphiritsidwa): Tsamba limatseguka mofanana; matupi ndi ofewa, otambasuka; mtundu — wamkuwa-wofiira mpaka wa maburedi.

7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:

Polyphenols: Zipolyphenols za tii m’zopangira za famu ya Iguŋ zimafika 35% — kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa mitundu yambiri ya tepo wamba. Mu tii wofiira womalizidwa, mbali yaikulu ya ma catechins yasinthidwa kukhala theaflavins (TF) ndi thearubigins (TR), zomwe zimapanga mtundu wowala wa msuzi ndi kukoma kokwanira.
Zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi (水浸出物, shuǐ jìnchūwù): Mpaka 48% — ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa tii wofiira wa ku China, zomwe zimachititsidwa ndi nthawi yayitali yopuma ya chitsamba cha tii ndi kuwunjikana kwa michere.
Ma Amino acids: Kuchulukitsidwa kwa L-theanine ndi ma amino acid okoma (glutamic, aspartic), zomwe zimapangidwa ndi “kugona” kwaitali mu nyengo yozizira kwa zomera ndi usiku wozizira.
Alkaloids: Caffeine (yochulukira kupyolera m’mlingo wofewa wa kututa), theobromine, theophylline.
Mavitamini: Mavitamini a B (B₁, B₂), zotsalira za vitamini C, vitamini E.
Ma Minerals: Potaziyamu, magnesium, manganese, zinc, fluoride, selenium — zomwe zimachititsidwa ndi madzi oundana omwe amathirira komanso nthaka yamapiri yolemetsa organic.
Zinthu zopanga fungo: Linalool ndi ma oxide ake, geraniol, phenylacetaldehyde, zinthu za Mayard reaction. M’magulu omwe amawumitsidwa ndi nkhuni — zinthu zowonjezera za furano ndi lactone, zomwe zimapereka fungo la nkhuni ndi zipatso.

8. Ubwino Wathanzi:

Kulimbitsa mofewa: Caffeine pamodzi ndi L-theanine zimapereka mphamvu zokhazikika popanda nkhawa; zotsatira zake nzosavuta komanso zotalikilapo kuposa khofi.
Kuchita antioxidant: Kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa polyphenols (35%) kumapangitsa Iguŋ Hun Cha kukhala imodzi mwamitundu ya tii wofiira wa “antioxidant” wamphamvu kwambiri ku China.
Kuthandiza kugayitsa chakudya: Tii wofiira wofunda umalimbikitsa kagayidwe kazakudya m’mimba ndikuchepetsa kugayitsidwa kwa chakudya chamafuta ndi mapuloteni — mkhalidwe umene amawona kuti ndi wofunika kwambiri m’zakudya za ku Tibet.
Dongosolo la mtima ndi mphamvu: Polyphenols amathandiza kuti zomera zikhale zotanuka ndikuwongolera kagayidwe ka mafuta.
Kutenthetsa thupi: Tii wofiira amakhala m’gulu la zakumwa “zotentha” (温性) malinga ndi mwambo wa zakudya zachi China; ndiwofunika makamaka m’nyengo yozizira ya kumapiri.
Ntchito zanzeru: L-theanine imathandiza kuika mtima ndikuchepetsa nkhawa.
Kuwonjezera ma minerals: Kapangidwe kolemera ka minerals (potaziyamu, magnesium, zinc, selenium) kamachepetsa zofooka zomwe zimakhala zovuta m’madera a m’mapiri okhala ndi zakudya zochepa.

9. Kupanga:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 90–95°C.
Kuchuluka kwa tii: 4–5 g pa 100–120 ml (njira ya gongfu); 3–4 g pa 200 ml (njira ya ku Ulaya).
Zombo: Gaiwan ya porcelain (盖碗) — ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yowonera fungo ndi mtundu; mtsuko wa porcelain kapena galasi; mtsuko wa Yixing (宜兴紫砂壶) kuti mupeze kapangidwe kopindika.
Ndondomeko (njira ya gongfu):
1. Tenthetse gaiwan ndi mtsuko wa kuthira ndi madzi otentha, tsani madzi.
2. Lowetsa tii, vala chivundikiro, uone fungo la tsamba lowuma lopentedwa.
3. Kuchapa: lowetsa madzi, mwamsanga (1–2 masekondi) tsani. Kwa Iguŋ Hun Cha, kuchapa sikofunikira, koma kumakhala kovomerezeka kwa tsamba lolimba.
4. Kuwaza koyamba: 8–10 masekondi.
5. Kuwaza kwachiwiri-4: 10–15 masekondi.
6. Kuwaza kwachisanu-7: 15–25 masekondi ndikuwonjezera pang’onopang’ono.
7. Kenako onjezerani masekondi 10–15. Iguŋ Hun Cha wabwino amatha kuwaza 8–10.

10. Kusunga:

Chidebe chotseka bwino, chosapatsa kuwala (chikho chachitsulo, thumba la vacuum ndi zojambula, mtsuko wa ceramic wokhala ndi chivundikiro cholimba).
Kutetezedwa ku fungo losiyanasiyana, kuwala kwachindunji, chinyezi.
Kutentha koyenera — 15–25°C; kusunga m’firiji sikunaperekedwe.
Nthawi yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito — miyezi 12–18. Magulu abwino okhala ndi ma tips ambiri amatha “kuzungulira” zaka 2–3 atasungidwa bwino: kuuma kumafewetsa, mafungo a uchi ndi caramel amakula kwambiri.

11. Mtengo ndi Zopeka:

Mtundu wa mtengo: Gawo lapakati-pamwamba. “Iguŋ Hun — Special” (易贡红·臻选) — ndicho chinthu chotchipa kwambiri; “Iguŋ Hun — First Grade” (易贡红·一级) — chogulika kwambiri. Mitengo imayambira 400 mpaka 2 500 yuan (pafupifupi $55–345) pa 500 g kutengera mtundu. Zinthu zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo: kutalika kwapadera kwa malo, kukolola kamodzi pachaka, kuchuluka kochepa kwa kupanga, famu yathunthu ya organic, ndalama zambiri zoyendera (kutali ndi msewu waukulu).
M momwe mungapewere zopeka:
1. Gulani zinthu zokhala ndi chizindikiritso cha malonda olembetsedwa “易贡茶场” (“Iguŋ Chachang”), “雪域茶谷” (“Xueyu Chagu” — “Snowy Tea Valley”) kapena “雪域红” (“Xueyu Hong”). Famu ili ndi malo ogulitsira ovomerezeka ku Linzhi, Lhasa, Guangzhou komanso pa nsanja zazikulu za e-commerce.
2. Onani maonekedwe: ndodo zofiira zofanana zokhala ndi ma tips agolide, zopanda fumbi ndi zidutswa.
3. Samalani fungo: loyera, la uchi ndi zipatso, lopanda fungo lotentha, la acidity kapena la kukhola.
4. Yang’anani msuzi: woonekera, wowala, wofiira-wagolide.
5. Samalani ndi mitengo yotsika kwambiri ya “tii wofiira wam’mapiri wotchuka”.

12. Zochititsa Chidwi:

Famu ya tii ya Iguŋ — ndi malo pomwe panabzalidwa mpango woyamba wa tii wa mafakitale m’mbiri ya Tibet (1963–1964). Mbewu zidabweretsedwa ndi mkulu wa asilikali dzina lake Pan (潘永和, Pān Yǒnghé) kuchokera ku Sichuan; asilikali adatha mwezi umodzi kuyeretsa pamanja 20 mu ya nthaka yamiyala m’mphepete mwa nyanja ya Iguŋ asanayikechipinda.
Zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi m’tsamba la tii la Iguŋ zimafika 48% — ndi kotala la theka la muyeso wapadziko lonse (32%) ndipo ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa tii wamafakitale padziko lonse. Chifukwa — kuphatikizika kwapadera kwa kutalika, nthawi yayitali yopuma ndi madzi oundana owathira.
Mu 2000, famu ya Iguŋ inakumana ndi tsoka: kugwa kwakukulu kwa matope kwa miyala ya 3.8 × 10⁸ m³ kunagwera m’chigwa, kutsekereza nyanja ndi kumiza mbali yaikulu ya mapulaneti, nyumba zogona ndi zolemba. Pambuyo pa tsokali, panakhazikitsidwa Geological Park yoyamba ya dziko lonse ku Tibet (易贡国家地质公园).
Mu 2022, gulu lina la tii wofiira la famu ya Iguŋ linadutsa kaye mwambo woyamba woyang’anira katundu wotumiza kunja m’mbiri ya Tibet ndipo linatumizidwa kunja, kudziwika kuti “zero breakthrough” (零的突破) ya katundu wa tii wotumiza kunja ku Tibet.
“General’s House” (将军楼) mkati mwa famu — ndinyumba yomwe kale anakhalamo General Zhang Guohua (1914–1972), mkulu wa asilikali a 18 omwe adatulutsa Tibet; nyumbayi ndi chipilala cha mbiri komanso chinthu chachikulu cha “red tourism”. Momwemonso panali nyumba yakale ya Party School ya Tibet Autonomous Region, yomwe inagwira ntchito mpaka 1983.
Famu ili ndi chowotcha magetsi chomwe chili ndi mphamvu ya 640 kW, chomwe chimapereka magetsi okwanira poyendetsa mafakitale a tii ndi nyumba zogonamo — kudzipatsa mphamvu pa infurasitikira zomwe ndi zachilendo pakati pa famu za tii.

13. Kufanizira ndi Tii Wina Wofiira:

Motuo Hong Cha (墨脱红茶, Mòtuō Hóngchá): “Wachibale” wapafupi wochokera ku boma la Motuo la ku Tibet. Motuo ili pansi (800–1 600 m) ndipo ili ndi nyengo yotentha ya subtropical; mapulaneti a tii adabzalidwa pambuyo pake (2011–2013), pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya Fujian ndi Guangdong. Motuo Hong Cha — ndi wopepuka komanso wokhala ndi fungo la maluwa; Iguŋ Hun Cha — ndi wolemetsa, wokhala ndi mineral wooneka bwino komanso wodzaza ndi “cholemera” chambiri.
Dianhong (滇红, Diānhóng): Tii wofiira wa ku Yunnan wochokera ku mtundu waukulu wa Assam. Dianhong ali ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa kutentha (cocoa, zonunkhira, zipatso za m’madera otentha), koma amalimidwa pamtunda wochepa (1 200–1 800 m). Iguŋ Hun Cha ndi wouma, wolemera ma minerals komanso “wozizira” koma wokhazikika.
Mengding Hong Cha (蒙顶红茶, Méngdǐng Hóngchá): Tii wofiira wochokera ku Mengding (Sichuan) — “kholo” la zitsamba za tii za Iguŋ. Mitundu yonse iwiri imagwirizana ndi mtundu wapakati wa Sichuan, komabe mapulaneti a Mengding ali pamtunda wa 800–1 100 m, pamene a Iguŋ ali 1 900–2 280 m. Zotsatira: Iguŋ Hun Cha ndi wolemetsa kwambiri, wokhala ndi kutsitsimuka kwa mapiri ndi “huigan” yaitali.
Keemun Hong Cha (祁门红茶, Qímén Hóngchá): Tii wa gongfu wosakhwima wa ku Anhui wokhala ndi fungo lodziwika la “orchid”. Keemun — ndi wosakhwima, wouma, wolunjika pa fungo; Iguŋ — ndi wamphamvu, wotsekemera, wokhala ndi “thupi” lapadera ndi fungo laling’ono la maluwa.

13a. Mitundu ndi Magulu:

Famu ya Iguŋ imapanga tii wofiira m’mitundu ingapo:

Iguŋ Hun — Special / Zhenxuan (易贡红·臻选, Yìgòng Hóng · Zhēnxuǎn): Gulu lapamwamba; mulingo wa kututa — matupi oyera kapena “phata + tsamba limodzi” la mchaka chamuyambirira. Kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa ma tips agolide, kapangidwe kofewa komanso kosiyanasiyana.
Iguŋ Hun — Special / Texuan (易贡红·特选, Yìgòng Hóng · Tèxuǎn): Gulu lachiwiri; mulingo wa “phata + masamba amodzi kapena awiri”. Kukoma kokhazikika ndi mafungo owonekera a uchi.
Iguŋ Hun — Selected / Jingxuan (易贡红·精选, Yìgòng Hóng · Jīngxuǎn): Standard “phata limodzi ndi masamba awiri”; ubwino wabwino ndi mtengo.
Iguŋ Hun — First Grade (易贡红·一级, Yìgòng Hóng · Yī jí): Chinthu chogulika; tsamba lalikulu, ma tips ochepa kwambiri, koma kukoma kokhazikika ndi kutsekemera kumasungidwa.

Pomaliza:

Iguŋ Hun Cha ndi tii wokhala ndi mbiri: pambuyo pake pali zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi za sewero lankhondo, ndale ndi chilengedwe lomwe linachitika m’mphepete mwa nyanja ya m’mapiri ya Tibet. Zitsamba za tii, zomwe zinabweretsedwa kuchokera ku Sichuan ndi asilikali a 18, m’zaka makumi asanu zapitazi zadzinwetsa ndi mikhalidwe yovuta ndipo zimapereka tsamba lokhala ndi kuchuluka kwapadera kwa zinthu zowuvunda. Tii wofiira wochokera ku tsamba limeneli — wolemetsa, wotsekemera monga mafuta, wokhala ndi fungo lakuya la uchi ndi kutsitsimuka kwa mineral “kwa kumapiri” — ukhoza kudabwitsa ngakhale wokonda wodziwa zambiri. Iguŋ Hun Cha ndi chisankho chabwino kwa iwo omwe amafuna tii wofiira wosazolowereka wokhala ndi mbiri ndi mikhalidwe.