Xīshān Chá

Xīshān Chá (西山茶, Xīshān chá) ndi tiyi wotchuka wobiriwira wa ku Guangxi, wobadwira pa phiri lopatulika lachibuda la Xīshān (西山, “Phiri la Kumadzulo”), kumene akachisi, kasupe wochiritsira wa Rǔquán (乳泉, “Kasupe wa Mkaka”) ndi zitsamba za tiyi zaka chikwi zili m’gulu limodzi losagawanika. Tiyiyu adabzalidwa ndi amonke a m’nthawi ya Tang, ndipo mu nthawi ya Qing adali m’gulu la “tiyi 24 wamkulu wa ufumu” (全国二十四名茶) ndipo ankatumizidwa ku nyumba yachifumu ngati gòngchá. M’zaka za m’ma 1950, masisitere achi Bhuda Kuānnéng ndi Chánghuì adatumiza katatu tiyiyu kwa Mao Zedong, ndipo adalandira yankho: “Tiyi wabwino, wosalephera pamaso pa Lóng Jǐng” (好茶，可与龙井媲美). Mu 2021, Xīshān Chá adalowa m’ndandanda wovomerezeka wa zizindikiro za malo pakati pa China ndi EU — tiyi yekha wochokera m’boma la Guigang wokhala ndi udindo umenewu. Chodabwitsa chake ndi “nyengo zinayi — fungo zinayi” (四季四香): tiyi wa masika — qīngxiāng, wa chilimwe — wa mapeyala, wa dzinja — wozama, wa maliziro — wa lotasi.

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:

• Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriwira (osafufumitsidwa, 绿茶, lǜchá). Kukhazikitsa wobiriwira — kuwotcha m’mphika wachitsulo (铁锅, tiěguō) pa 180 °C, njira ya “kunjenjemetsa + kunyinyirika” (抖闷结合, dǒu mèn jiéhé). Maonekedwe — ulusi wopota (条索形, tiáosuǒ xíng).

• Gulu: Chogulitsa cha chizindikiro cha malo (国家地理标志保护产品, kuyambira 2010); waphatikizidwa mu kaundula wovomerezeka wa zizindikiro za malo pakati pa China ndi EU (中欧地理标志互认名录, 2021). Cholowa cha chikhalidwe chosagwirika cha mzinda wa Guigang (2019). Kawiri “Tiyi Wotchuka Padziko Lonse” (全国名茶, 1986, 1990). Mmodzi mwa tiyi 21 wa mbiri yakale wotchuka ku China komanso mmodzi mwa “tiyi 24 wamkulu” a ufumu wa Qing.

• Kuchokera: China; Chigawo Chodzilamulira cha Guangxi Zhuang (广西壮族自治区, Guǎngxī); mzinda wa Guiping (桂平市, Guìpíng Shì), womwe uli m’boma la Guigang (贵港市, Guìgǎng Shì). Malo otetezedwa ndi dera lonse la Guiping (ma ward ndi matauni 26, 4074 km²). Malo apakatikati a khalidwe labwino ndi phiri la Xīshān (西山, dzina lakale 思灵山, Sīlíng Shān), dera la Qípán Shí (棋盘石), la Rǔquán Jǐng (乳泉井) ndi la Xǐshí Ān (洗石庵) — pamtunda wokwana 700 m, m’dera la nkhalango yoyamba.

• Ndiwolembapo za malo: ~23°10′–24°10′ kumpoto, 109°30′–110°30′ kum’mawa (dera la Guiping).

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:

• Mbiri:

Xīshān Chá ndi mmodzi mwa tiyi akale kwambiri olembedwa m’mbiri ya Guangxi. Malinga ndi nyuzipepala ya boma “Guiping xiànzhì” (《桂平县志》), “tiyi wochokera ku Xīshān amamera ku Qípán Shí, Rǔquán Jǐng ndi pansi pa thanthwe la Guānyīn — zitsamba zazifupi, mizu imayamwa madzi a miyala, masamba amawala dzuwa la m’mawa, chifukwa chake kukoma kwake ndi kotsekemera ndi kokwanira, ndipo fungo lake ndi lonunkhira” (西山茶，出西山棋盘石、乳泉井、观音岩下，矮株散植，根吸石髓，叶映朝暾，故味甘腴，而气芬芳). Kuyamba kulima kumayikidwa mu nthawi ya Tang (zaka za m’ma 700–900), pamene mkulu wa amonke Li Mingyuan (李明远) adabwera ndi mbewu za tiyi kuchokera ku Jiangnan ndi kuzabzala pafupi ndi Qípán Shí — malo odziwika bwino kuti, malinga ndi nthano, osafa adasewera chess ndi kumwa tiyi wakumwamba, ndipo wodula nkhuni wodutsa adakhala nawo tsiku limodzi, n’kubwerera kudziko lathu patadutsa zaka zana.

Pofika nthawi ya Ming, tiyiyu adadziwika kumwera konse kwa China — ku Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian. Mu nthawi ya Qing, Xīshān Chá adaphatikizidwa mu ndandanda wa “tiyi 24 wamkulu wa ufumu” ndipo adakhala gòngchá (贡茶). Nyuzipepala “Xunzhou fǔzhì” (《浔州府志》) ya nthawi ya Guangxu idalemba kuti: “Tiyi wa Xīshān — mtundu wake ndi woyeretsa ndi wobiriwira, fungo lake ndi lonunkhira, wosalephera pamaso pa Lóng Jǐng” (西山茶，色清而味芬芳，不减龙井).

M’zaka za zana la 20, tiyiyu adatsika, koma adawukitsidwanso ndi zoyesayesa za masisitere achi Bhuda. Mu 1949, masisitere Kuānnéng (释宽能, Shì Kuānnéng), woitana ndi wokonzanso wotchuka wa Chibuda Jùzàn (释巨赞), adafika ku Xīshān ndipo pamodzi ndi masisitere Chánghuì (释昌慧, Shì Chānghuì) adabwezeretsa minda ya tiyi pafupi ndi Qípán Shí ndi Xǐshí Ān. M’zaka za m’ma 1950, adatumiza katatu tiyi woyenera kwa Mao Zedong, ndipo Mtsogoleriyo adayankha kuti: “Tiyi wabwino, wosalephera pamaso pa Lóng Jǐng” (好茶，可与龙井媲美), n’kulimbikitsa kuti akulitse ulimi.

Kuzindikiridwa padziko lonse: 1986, 1990 — “Tiyi Wotchuka Padziko Lonse” (Ministry of Commerce); 2010 — chizindikiro cha malo ku China; 2021 — kupatikizidwa mu kaundula wovomerezeka wa zizindikiro za malo pakati pa China ndi EU (tiyi woyamba ndi wokha wochokera ku Guigang pa mndandandawu). Pofika 2023, malo a minda ya tiyi ndi 20,500 mu (≈1,367 ha), ndi kuchuluka kwa pachaka kwa matani 1,069.

• Dzina: 西山 (Xīshān) — “Phiri la Kumadzulo” — phiri lotchuka lachibuda ku Guiping, limodzi mwa “Malo Ane Akulu a Chibuda Kumwera” (南方四大佛教名山). Dzina lakale — Sīlíng Shān (思灵山, “Phiri la Mzimu Woganiza”); 茶 (Chá) — “tiyi”. Mayina ena: Qípán Chá (棋盘茶, “Tiyi wa Chess”) ndi Qípán Xiānmíng (棋盘仙茗, “Tiyi Wosafa wa Chess Board”) — malinga ndi nthano ya osafa.

• Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe: Xīshān Chá ndi amodzi mwa tiyi ochepa a ku China omwe ali osagawanizika ndi chikhalidwe cha Chibuda. Mwambo wa “禅茶一味” (chán chá yī wèi, “Chan ndi tiyi ndi zokoma chimodzi”) umalipo kuno kuyambira nthawi ya Tang: amonke ndi masisitere sankangolima ndi kukonza tiyi, komanso ankaugwiritsa ntchito ngati chida cha kusinkhasinkha. Kasupe wa Mkaka wa Rǔquán ndi malo odziwika bwino achilengedwe ku Guangxi: madzi ake, oyera ngati mkaka, amawonedwa ngati abwino kwenikweni pophika Xīshān Chá. Mwambi wa kuno umati: “Phiri ndi lokongola ndi malo ake, tiyi ndi wokoma ndi kukoma kwake” (山有好景，茶有佳味). M’zaka za m’ma 1950, tiyiyu adaperekedwa ngati mphatso kwa Mfumu ya Morocco — chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zoyambirira za “diplomacy ya tiyi” ya China.

3. Mafotokoza a Mbewu ndi Zipangizo Zosaphika:

• Mtundu / cultivar: Mtundu wa gulu wa Xīshān ku Guiping (桂平西山茶群体种, Guìpíng Xīshān Chá Qúntǐzhǒng) — mtundu wa komweko wa masamba ang’onoang’ono wa Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. Masamba ndi ozungulira, obiriwira kwambiri, ndi tsitsi lambiri. Kulemera kwa mphukira 100 za “mphukira + masamba atatu” ndi ~46 g. Mbiri ya biochemical: amino acid ≥3.2%, polyphenol ≥27.5% (zakuthupi za masika). Zinthu zomwe zimatuluka m’madzi ~50% — chiwonetsero chapamwamba kwambiri.

• Kukolola: Pafupifupi chaka chonse — kuyambira kumapeto kwa February mpaka November, magulu 20–30 pa nyengo. Nyengo zinayi zimapereka ma profayilo anayi osiyana a fungo: masika — qīngxiāng (清香, fungo loyera lobiriwira), chilimwe — líxiāng (梨香, fungo la mapeyala), dzinja — chúnxiāng (醇香, fungo lozama / lotsekemera), maliziro — héxiāng (荷香/莲香, fungo la lotasi).

• Mulingo wokolola: Mtundu wapamwamba — mphukira zokhazokha kapena mphukira yokhala ndi kam’samba kakang’ono kotseguka pang’ono. Kutalika kwake — ≤4 cm. Kufunika kofanana mu kukula, kutalika ndi mtundu.

• Zofunikira pa zakuthupi: Mphukira zofewa, zosweka, zatsopano. Kukolola pamanja — ndi manja okha, popanda lumo. Kunyamula mosamala m’madengu a nsungwi popanda kuwonongeka kapena kufinya.

4. Malo ndi Makulidwe Ake:

Guiping ili kumwera kwa Guangxi, m’mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Xunjiang (浔江), womwe ndi mtsinje wa mtsinje waukulu wa Xijiang (西江). Phiri la Xīshān ndi phiri lakutali pakati pa zigwa, lomwe limapanga nyengo yakeyake.

• Kutalika kwa kukula: Kufika 700 m (deri lapakati — Qípán Shí, Rǔquán Jǐng, thanthwe la Guānyīn). Minda ikuluikulu — 200–700 m.

• Nyengo: Ya kumwera kwa subtropical. Kutentha kwapachaka kokwanira 21.4 °C; mvula 1,700–2,400 mm / chaka (limodzi mwa madera amvula kwambiri a tiyi ku China); masiku a chifunga >200 pachaka; nthawi yopanda chisanu masiku 354. Chapadera ndi “夏不热而秋热，冬不寒而春寒” (“chilimwe sichotentha, koma dzinja ndi lotentha; maliziro siozizira, koma masika ndi ozizira”) — kutentha kosiyana komwe kumalimbikitsa kudzikundikira kwachilendo kwa zinthu zonunkhira.

• Dothi: Makande a mchenga wachikasu-chofiira (黄红砂壤), opangidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa granite. pH 4.5–6.5, zinthu za organic 2–3%. Kukhetsa kwabwino, kukhathamira ndi mchere wochokera ku granite. Deri lapakati ndi malo otetezedwa a madzi (水源保护区), kumene feteleza wa mankhwala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi oletsedwa.

• Zachilengedwe: Minda yapakati ili pakati pa nkhalango yoyamba m’mphepete mwa Xīshān, pafupi ndi kasupe wa Rǔquán. Chinyezi chochuluka, kuwala komwazika (>70% ya kuwala) ndi chifunga chosalekeza zimapereka malo abwino kwambiri popanga amino acid ndi zinthu zonunkhira. Madzi othirira — ochokera ku Kasupe wa Mkaka, okhala ndi calcium ndi magnesium. Phiri la Xīshān ndi limodzi mwa malo opatulika ofunika kwambiri a Chibuda kumwera kwa China, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuwunika kwachilengedwe: derali ndi malo otetezedwa a dziko lonse ndi ziletso pa ntchito zachuma. Izi ndi chitsimikizo chachilengedwe cha kukhala koyera kwa malo akukuliramo, kuphatikiza pa miyezo ya GI.

5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:

Xīshān Chá amapangidwa ndi ukadaulo wa chikhalidwe, wophatikizidwa mu kaundula wa cholowa cha chikhalidwe chosagwirika cha Guigang (2019). Zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri ndi njira ya “kuwotcha kawiri ndi kukhotetsa kawiri” (二炒二揉, èr chǎo èr róu), kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nsungwi ndi matabwa zokha, komanso “kukhotetsa kopepuka kusonyeza tsitsi” (轻揉显毫) komaliza.

• Kukolola (采摘): Pamanja, mulingo wa “mphukira + masamba amodzi kapena awiri”, ≤4 cm.

• Kufowoketsa (摊青 — tān qīng): Maola 4–6 pa mapoto a nsungwi.

• Kuwotcha koyamba / kukhazikitsa wobiriwira (杀青 — shāqīng): M’mphika wachitsulo pa 180 °C, ndi njira ya “kunjenjemetsa + kunyinyirika” (抖闷结合) — kusinthana koponyera masamba m’mwamba ndi kuwasindikiza pamalo otentha. Kuphatikiza kwa njira za “kunyamula, kuponya, kugwedeza, kutaya” (扬、抛、抖、甩).

• Kukhotetsa koyamba (揉捻): Kukhotetsa kopepuka pamanja — kumanga mawonekedwe a ulusi.

• Kuwotcha kwachiwiri (初炒 — chū chǎo): Kukhazikitsa mawonekedwe.

• Kuumitsa pa ma grate a nsungwi (烘焙 — hōngbèi): Pa 80 °C pa madengu achikhalidwe a nsungwi otenthetsa (竹焙笼, zhú bèi lóng).

• Kuwotcha komaliza / kusonyeza fungo (复炒 — fù chǎo): Kuwotcha komaliza kokhazikitsa kupanga fungo la chestnut ndi maluwa-zipatso. Chinyezi chokwanira ≤5%.

• Cholemba: Njira yonse imayendetsedwa popanda zida zachitsulo (kupatula mphika wachitsulo wokhazikitsira) — zida za nsungwi ndi matabwa zimaletsa kukhudzana ndi zitsulo zomwe zimafulumizitsa kusanduka kwa utoto. Mfundo imeneyi ikufanana ndi ya “Zosatheka Zitatu” (三不原则) ya Xinyi He Luo Lǜ Chá: miyambo yonse iwiri modziyimira payokha idafika pomaliza — kukhudzana kwa tiyi ndi chitsulo kumawononga khalidwe la polyphenol.

6. Makhalidwe a Kununkhira ndi Kukoma:

• Maonekedwe a masamba owuma: Ulusi wopyapyala, wandindindi, wopindika pang’ono (紧细微曲), wobiriwira wakuda ndi tsitsi la siliva (黛绿显毫). “Dragon-spiral” (龙卷状, lóng juǎn zhuàng) — mawonekedwe enieni okhala ndi nsonga zakuthwa. Ma tips a siliva amakuta nsonga.

• Fungo la masamba owuma: Zimadalira pa nyengo. Masika — fungo loyera lobiriwira (清香); chilimwe — fungo la mapeyala (梨香); dzinja — fungo lotsekemera lozama (醇香); maliziro — fungo la lotasi (莲香/荷香). Yokhazikika ndi yamagulu ambiri.

• Fungo la madzi: Fungo la maluwa-zipatso (花果香) — khalidwe lapadera la “nyengo zinayi,” losazolowereka kwa tiyi ambiri obiriwira. Pamene akuzizira, chimachokera pansi cha chestnut.

• Kukoma: Koyera ndi kogwirizana (醇和, chún hé), ndi kutsitsimuka kooneka bwino (鲜爽) ndi kukoma kwa nthawi yayitali kotsalira (回甘持久). Khutu lathunthu, koma kopanda kukakamiza koopsa. Kukhazikika — 3–6 kuphika.

• Mtundu wa madzi: Wobiriwira wa emerald, woonekera ndi wonyezimira (碧绿清澈).

• Pansi pa tiyi (masamba ophikidwa): Wobiriwira wofewa, wofanana, watsopano ndi wamoyo (嫩绿匀整鲜活).

7. Zomera Zamkati:

• Polyphenols (茶多酚): ≥27.5%; malinga ndi zina, mpaka 35.6% m’magulu apakati. Kulinganiza kwabwino ndi amino acid, zomwe zimapereka kufewa kopanda kukakamiza kochulukirapo. Kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa EGCG.

• Amino acids (氨基酸): ≥3.2% (tiyi wa masika). L-theanine ndiyo ikuluikulu.

• Zinthu zomwe zimatuluka m’madzi (水浸出物): ~50% — chimodzi mwa zisonyezo zapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa tiyi obiriwira, zomwe zimasonyeza kukhazikika kwapadera ndi “kukhuthala” kwa madzi.

• Caffeine (咖啡碱): ≥3.9% — pamwamba pa avareji, zomwe zimapereka mphamvu zonunkhira zooneka bwino.

• Mavitamini: Vitamin C, mavitamini a gulu la B, vitamin E. Flavonoids.

• Mchere: Potaziyamu, manganese, fluoride; zotsalira za calcium ndi magnesium kuchokera m’dothi la granite ndi madzi a mchere a Rǔquán.

8. Phindu la Thupi:

• Chitetezo cha antioxidant: Polyphenols (≥27.5%) + flavonoids + vitamin C — chitetezo chokwanira ku kupsyinjika kwa okosijeni.

• Mphamvu yonunkhira: Caffeine (≥3.9%) mogwirizana ndi L-theanine — kukhala watcheru mofewa komanso kwanthawi yayitali.

• Kuthandiza dongosolo la mtima: Ma catechins amathandizira kuwongolera cholesterol ndi kusinthasintha kwa mitsempha.

• Thanzi la khungu: Flavonoids ndi vitamin C pamodzi zimalepheretsa kusanduka kwa okosijeni ndi kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kochokera ku kuwala kwa ultraviolet — chofunika makamaka ku madera akumwera a Guangxi omwe ali ndi kuwala kwadzuwa kolimba.

• Ntchito za ubongo: L-theanine imalimbikitsa ntchito ya alpha wave mu ubongo.

• Chofunika: Zomwe zatchulidwazi zachokera pa zambiri zokhazikika ndipo si upangiri wachipatala. Osamwa ndi mimba yopanda kanthu. Tiyi watsopano uyenera kusungidwa masiku 7 kuti “athetse moto”. Pambuyo pa kutsegula — gwiritsani ntchito pasanathe masiku 10.

9. Kuumitsa:

• Kutentha kwa madzi: 80–85 °C. Chabwino ndi madzi a mchere, oyandikira m’mapangidwe a Rǔquán (ofewa, a alkaline pang’ono). Osagwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kwambiri (>85 °C amawononga zinthu zogwira ntchito ndipo amadzetsa kuwawa).

• Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3 g pa 150 ml (chiŵerengero 1:50).

• Zida: Kapu ya galasi — kuti muwone “kuimirira kwa mphukira” (芽叶竖立); gaiwan ya porcelain yoyera.

• Njira (kapu ya galasi):

  1. Tenthetsani kapu, tsanulani.
  2. Ikani tiyi, tsanulirani pa 80–85 °C.
  3. Kudzaza koyamba — mphindi 1–2. Onani kutseguka kwa “kuimirira kwa mphukira”.

• Njira (gaiwan): Kutsuka masekondi 5 → kutsanulira koyamba masekondi 20 → aliyense wotsatira +10 masekondi. 3–6 kuphika.

10. Kusunga:

• Kutentha: 0–5 °C (firiji).
• Chidebe: Chotsekedwa, chopanda fungo lachilendo.
• Kuwala: Kudzipatula kwathunthu.
• Nthawi: Zimalimbikitsidwa kumwa m’miyezi 6 yoyambirira kuti muwonetse kukoma kwakukulu kwa fungo la “nyengo zinayi”. Tiyi watsopano — usungidwe masiku 7 “醒茶” (kudzutsa tiyi) kuti athetse “moto”. Magulu a maliziro (fungo la lotasi) amasungidwa nthawi yayitali kuposa a masika chifukwa cha chinyezi chochepa.

11. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga:

Xīshān Chá ndi tiyi wa mtengo wapakati-pamwamba. Mtundu wapamwamba — kuchokera 500 yuan/jin; woyamba — 200–400 yuan/jin; wachiwiri — pansi pa 200 yuan/jin.

• Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:

  • Yang’anani chizindikiro cha malo “西山茶”.
  • Chizindikiro cha mawonekedwe — “ulusi wobiriwira wakuda ndi nsonga za siliva” (黛绿银尖). Kupanda tsitsi — kusinthidwa.
  • Fungo — la maluwa-zipatso, lokhazikika. Fungo la “udzu” kapena “lowotcha” — si Xīshān Chá.
  • Ataphikidwa m’madzi a Kasupe wa Mkaka (kapena madzi ofewa a mchere), tiyiyu amasonyeza kukoma kwake kosayerekezeka.

12. Zinthu Zochititsa Chidwi:

• “Wosalephera pamaso pa Lóng Jǐng”: Chiganizo ichi chidatchulidwira kawiri — nyuzipepala ya boma ya Qing (zaka za m’ma 1800) ndi Mao Zedong (m’ma 1950). Zaka mazana awiri pakati pawo, koma kuyerekezera kumodzi: Xīshān Chá ali pamlingo wa tiyi wabwino kwambiri wobiriwira wa China.

• Nyengo zinayi — fungo zinayi: Khalidwe lapadera: masika — qīngxiāng (wobiriwira koyera), chilimwe — wa mapeyala, dzinja — lotsekemera lozama, maliziro — la lotasi. Izi zimadza chifukwa cha kutentha kosiyana kwachilendo kwa Xīshān.

• Nthano ya Qípán Shí: Malinga ndi nthano, wodula nkhuni adakumana ndi osafa aŵiri pa phiri akusewera chess, adalawa tiyi wawo ndipo adakhala nawo tsiku limodzi — ndipo atabwerera, adapeza kuti padutsa zaka zana. Pamalo pomwe nkhwangwa yake idayiwalika, mitengo ya tiyi idamera. Kuchokera pano, dzina lina la tiyiyu ndi “Tiyi wa Chess” (棋盘茶).

• Kasupe wa Mkaka: Rǔquán (乳泉) ndi kasupe wokhala ndi madzi oyera, “a mkaka”, akutuluka kuchokera ku miyala ya granite ku Xīshān. Amawonedwa ngati madzi abwino kwambiri pophikira Xīshān Chá; m’mapangidwe ake a mchere — ali pafupi ndi akasupe abwino kwambiri a m’mapiri a ku Ulaya.

• Tiyi ngati mphatso ya diplomacy: M’zaka za m’ma 1950, Xīshān Chá adaperekedwa ngati mphatso kwa Mfumu ya Morocco — chimodzi mwazochitika zoyambirira za “diplomacy ya tiyi” ya China. Mu 2021, kukhala m’ndandanda wa China-EU kudatsegula msika wa Ulaya.

• Masisitere odziwa ulimi wa tiyi: Kubwezeretsa kwa Xīshān Chá ndi ntchito ya masisitere achi Bhuda aŵiri: Kuānnéng ndi Chánghuì. M’zaka zapambuyo pa nkhondo, adabwezeretsa minda yowonongeka ndipo adapanga njira ya “kukhotetsa kopepuka kusonyeza tsitsi” (轻揉显毫), yomwe idakhala chizindikiro cha Xīshān Chá chamakono.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Zina Zobiriwira za ku Guangxi:

• Sānjiāng Lǜchá (三江绿茶, Sānjiāng Lǜchá): Guangxi, Liuzhou. Wokhala pafupi ndi “kumpoto” malinga ndi malo. Mawonekedwe a chestnut-orchid, kukhazikika 5–7 kuphika. Xīshān — ndi “maluwa-zipatso” kwambiri, ndi fungo lapadera la lotasi la maliziro. Sanjiang — ndi wochuluka (215,000 mu); Xīshān — ndi waling’ono (20,500 mu), wokhala ndi udindo wapamwamba.

• Língyún Báiháo (凌云白毫, Língyún Báiháo): Guangxi, Baise. Wapamwamba kwambiri (800–1,500 m), wochokera ku cultivar ya Lingyun Baihao. Tiyi wocheperako, “wa siliva” wokhala ndi tsitsi lambiri. Xīshān — ndi “wofuntha” m’mawonekedwe, wokhala ndi fungo lovuta kwambiri komanso chikhalidwe cha Chibuda.

• Xīhú Lóngjǐng (西湖龙井, Xīhú Lóngjǐng): Zhejiang. Kuyerekeza sikungapewedwe: ma gazette awiri — a Qing ndi a Republic — amanena kuti Xīshān “salephera pamaso pa Lóng Jǐng”, ndipo Mao Zedong adatsimikizira izi m’zaka za zana la 20. Lóng Jǐng — wafulati, wa chestnut-mowa; Xīshān — wopota, wa maluwa-zipatso. Lóng Jǐng — ndi wokwera mtengo kwambiri komanso wodziwika bwino; Xīshān — ndi wosadziwika kwambiri, koma wokhala ndi fungo lapadera la “nyengo zinayi” ndi mbiri ya Chibuda yomwe Lóng Jǐng alibe.

Pomaliza:

Xīshān Chá ndi tiyi wobadwira m’pemphero ndi chifunga: amonke a mu nthawi ya Tang adamubzala pafupi ndi Qípán Shí, kumene malinga ndi nthano osafa adasewera chess, ndipo Kasupe wa Mkaka wa Rǔquán kuyambira pamenepo umathirira mizu yake ndi madzi a mchere oyera. Kwa zaka mazana khumi ndi zitatu, adakhala gòngchá mu nthawi ya Qing, adalandira chitamando cha Mao Zedong ndipo adalowa mu kaundula wa ku Ulaya — koma chodabwitsa chake chachikulu sichili mu mphoto, koma mu “fungo zinayi za nyengo zinayi”: fungo loyera lobiriwira la masika, kukoma kofewa kwa mapeyala kwa chilimwe, kuya kotsekemera kwa dzinja, ndi kuzizira kwa lotasi kwa maliziro. Ikani pa 80 °C ndi madzi ofewa — ndipo lolani tiyi wochokera ku Phiri la Kumadzulo kuti akufotokozereni mbiri yake ya zaka chikwi, yomwe idayamba ndi masewera a chess pakati pa osafa aŵiri.