Xìnyáng Báichá · new.thetea.app

Xìnyáng Báichá ndi tiyi woyera wochokera ku Xìnyáng (m’chigawo cha Hénán), dera lomwe m’mbiri yakale limadziwika kwambiri ndi tiyi wobiriwira Xìnyáng Máojiān. Tiyi woyera wa kuno ndi njira yatsopano yomwe yafika posachedwapa, ndipo ndi yosangalatsa chifukwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito m’malo akumpoto ndi ozizira kuposa malo ena a tiyi woyera wa ku Fújiàn.

1. Mtundu ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tiyi woyera (wothira kapangidwe pang’ono; luso lomwe limakhazikika pa kufota ndi kuumitsa).
Gulu: Tiyi woyera wamakono wa m’chigawo ku China (kupatula malo “akale” a ku Fújiàn).
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Hénán (河南, Hénán), mzinda wa Xìnyáng (信阳, Xìnyáng) ndi madera a tiyi ake m’mphindikati ya mapiri a Dàbiéshān (大别山, Dàbiéshān).
Ma kodi a malo: pafupifupi 32.1° N, 114.1° E
Maziko a malamulo: Kwa Xìnyáng Báichá, mfundo za bungwe/gulu T/XYCY 001—2024 “信阳白茶” (yoyambika kugwira ntchito pa 2024‑04‑02) yafalitsidwa, ndipo imalongosola mitundu ya zinthu ndi zofunikira za ubwino.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:

Mbiri yakale: Xìnyáng ndi limodzi mwa madera akale a tiyi ku China, koma mwamwambo limakonda kugwirizanitsidwa ndi tiyi wobiriwira. Kubwera ndi kukula kwa “tiyi woyera wa Xìnyáng” ndi chitsanzo cha momwe dera lomwe liri ndi chikhalidwe champhamvu cha tiyi wobiriwira limakulitsa mitundu yake kudzera mu luso la tiyi woyera.
Dzina:
- 信阳 (Xìnyáng) – dzina la malo (kwenikweni “mbali ya dzuwa”/“yáng” ya m’boma la Xìn).
- 白茶 (Báichá) – “tiyi woyera”.
Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe: tiyi woyera wa Xìnyáng nthawi zambiri amamuwona ngati “tiyi woyera wakumpoto” (poyerekeza ndi wakummwera kwa Fújiàn): okonda amakonda kusiyana kwa kutsekemera, kuchulukitsa, ndi kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka madzi m’nyengo yozizira.

3. Kufotokozera kwa Zomera ndi Zopangira:

Zopangira: ku Xìnyáng, angagwiritse ntchito mbewu zamtundu wa kumaloko (zomwe zazolowera kuderali) kapenanso mitundu yoyambitsidwa ya “mawonekedwe oyera”. Kwa encyclopedia, ndikofunikira kulemba: ndi mtundu wanji wa chitsamba ndi ndi dera liti zomwe wopanga anenetsa.
Zokolola: masika; kwa magulu apamwamba – mphukira ndi masamba apamwamba, okololedwa ndi manja.
Mlingo wa uchiche wa tsamba: umakhudza kalembedwe:
- mphukira zambiri – kutsekwera kwambiri ndi kafungo ka maluwa;
- tsamba lochuluka – kuchuluka kwa “thupi”, kutsekemera, ndi kuthekera kosungika.

4. Malo ndi Zochitika Zakukula:

Kusiyana kwa nyengo: Hénán ili kumpoto kwa Fújiàn; kumapeto kwa masika kumakhala kozizira kwambiri, ndipo kusintha kwa kutentha kwa masana ndi usiku kungakhale kowonekeratu. Izi zimakhudza mlingo wa kukula ndi kuyanjana kwa ma amino acid ndi polyphenols.
Malo a mapiri: madera a tiyi pafupi ndi Dàbiéshān amapereka nkhungu ndi chinyezi, koma nthawi zambiri chisonkhezero cha “nyanja” chimakhala chochepa poyerekeza ndi dera la m’mphepete mwa nyanja la Fújiàn.
Momwe zingawonekere: Kwa tiyi woyera wa Xìnyáng, nthawi zambiri amayembekezera kapezedwe “kokhazikika”: kutsekemera ndi kuchulukitsa ndi kafungo kochepa ka maluwa. Komabe, kalembedwe kake kumadalira kwambiri momwe kufota ndi kuumitsa kwachitidwira mosamala.

5. Luso la Kupanga:

Luso limayesetsa kusunga kapangidwe kachilengedwe ka tsamba ndi kupanga kafungo kudzera mu kufota.

Kukolola: koyera, kopanda kuwonongeka.
Kufota: pa zosefera/matireyi. M’nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kuti tsamba “lisapsyepse” mwachangu kwambiri, kusunga kutsekemera ndi kafungo.
Kuumitsa: mwachilolezo, mpaka pa chinyezi chokhazikika. Kutentha kwambiri kumapereka kafungo ka kuphikidwa ndi kuwawidwa.
Kusanja: kuchotsa zidutswa zolimba, kugwirizanitsa gulu.
Mawonekedwe: nthawi zambiri tiyi wosasweka; kupondereza kumapezeka, koma kumadalira wopanga.

6. Maonekedwe a Organoleptic:

Tsamba louma: kuchokera ku zigawo za mphukira ndi masamba mpaka zigawo zokhala ndi masamba kwambiri; kukhulupirika ndi kusakhala kwa fumbi ndi zofunikira.
Kafungo: udzu watsopano, maluwa oyera, uchi wochepa; m’magulu ena, mwina mphamvu za khungu la apulo ndi udzu wakuthyathyala zingapezeke.
Kulawa: kopweteka, kotsekemera, ndi kuphipha kopanda kuwawa tikagwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kwambiri.
Chakumwa: chamtundu wa mtovu, kwa magulu okhala ndi masamba ochuluka – chamtundu wagolide.
Kulawa kwakumbuyo: koyera, kotsekemera, ndi kafungo ka udzu.

7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:

Tiyi woyera amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukonzedwa mwadzidzidzi: zopangira zimagwira ntchito yosakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi makina ndi kutentha, kotero kuti mchakumwa muli zigawo zachilengedwe za tsamba zomwe zasungidwa bwino.

Polyphenols (kuphatikiza ma catechin): amapanga mphamvu ya antioxidant ndi kuphipha pang’ono.
ma Amino acid (kuphatikiza L-theanine): amachititsa kutsekemera, kupereka kukhazikika, ndi kumveka kwa “umami”.
Caffeine: nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito mopepuka kuposa mu tiyi wobiriwira ndi wofiira, koma mlingo umadalira kuchuluka kwa mphukira ndi uchiche wa tsamba.
Mankhwala onunkhira: mu tiyi wachinyamata amapereka mphamvu za maluwa akutchire, udzu watsopano, apulo wobiriwira; pokalamba amasandulika kukhala uchi, zipatso zouma, ndi udzu.
Mapektini ndi shuga wosungunuka m’madzi: amakulitsa “kusalalika” ndi kuzungulira kwa kulawa (makamaka m’mitundu yokhala ndi tsamba lalikulu ndi mapesi).

8. Ubwino Wathanzi:

Tiyi woyera mwamwambo amaonedwa kuti ndi chakumwa chokhala ndi mphamvu zotsitsimula mofatsa komanso chokhala ndi ma antioxidant ochuluka. Komabe, tiyi si mankhwala, ndipo “zotsatira za chipatala” zilizonse zochokera m’malongosolo a malonda ziyenera kuonedwa mwatsatanetsatane.

Zinthu zomwe zingakhale ndi tanthauzo (mkati mwa kumwa mwanzeru):

Chitetezo cha antioxidant: polyphenols amathandiza kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa okosijeni.
**Kutsitsimula mofatsa popanda “kutentha”: kugwirizanitsa kwa caffeine ndi theanine kwa ambiri kumapereka chidwi chokhazikika.
Chithandizo cha chakudya: chakumwa chotenthetsa nthawi zambiri chimamveka ngati chosangalatsa pambuyo pa chakudya (makamaka tiyi woyera wokalamba).
Mkamwa: kumwa tiyi pafupipafupi kungathandize kukhala aukhondo chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka polyphenol.

Zoletsa:

ngati mumatengeka ndi caffeine, mwina musamamwe tiyi woyera madzulo;
pa matenda am’mimba komanso pa nthawi ya mimba, mwina muchite bwino kupempha upangiri kuchipatala.

9. Kukonza:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 75–90 °C (mphukira zikakhala zambiri ndi “zofewa” – kutentha kumakhala kochepera).
Mlingo: 4–6 g pa 150–200 ml ya gaiwani/ketulo; chotengera chimodzi mwina 2–3 g pa 200–250 ml.
Kuthira kwambiri: yambani ndi masekondi 10–20, kenako mukulitse pang’onopang’ono nthawi. Tiyi woyera wabwino amatha kukhala ndi kuthira 5–8.
Zombo: dongo/ galasi. Galasi ndi yabwino ngati mukufuna kuona kusweka kwa tsamba.

Mfundo yofunika: tiyi woyera “amakonda mpweya” – musachite mantha kupumitsa mwachidule tsamba louma mu gaiwani yotentha isanachitike kuthira koyamba.

  **Mfundo yofunika:** ngati tiyi wakhala “wolimba”, chepetsani kutentha ndi 5 °C ndipo muchite kuthira kwaufupi – tiyi woyera wakunja kwa Fújiàn nthawi zina amakhala wolodza kwambiri ngati atenthedwa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a tsamba ndi njira yoometsa.

10. Kusunga:

Tiyi woyera amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chinyezi ndi kafungo kosayenera.

Chidebe: chotsekedwa (bokosi, thumba la zip-lock/thumba la foyle), chopanda zinthu “zonunkhira”.
Malo: kowuma, kozizira, kosawala, kopanda kusintha kwa kutentha.
Oyanjana nawo: osiyana ndi zokometsera, khofi, zofukizi.
Firiji: n’kotheka kwa magulu osalimba kwambiri (makamaka okhala ndi mphukira zambiri), koma pokhapokha ngati zili zotsekedwa bwino, apo ayi tiyi atenga kafungo ndi chinyezi mwachangu.
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  **Poyesa kukalamba:** tiyi woyera wa Xìnyáng wamitundu yamitundu amatha kukula mosangalatsa kwa zaka 1–3, koma kusungidwa kuyenera kukhala kouma komanso kosaphimbidwa.
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11. Mtengo ndi Chinyengo:

Pa mtengo wa tiyi woyera, zinthu zotsatirazi zimakhudza kwambiri: khalidwe la zopangira, kukolola ndi manja, nyengo ya m’nyengo, mbiri ya wopanga, ndi “kukhala koyera” kwa chiyambi (mudzi wina/ phiri).

Zowopsa zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri:

kusintha kwa zopangira (mwachitsanzo, “singano zasiliva” zopangidwa ndi mphukira zowululika kapena zochokera kudera lina);
kununkhira (ngati tiyi akununkha ngati “mafuta onunkhira”, vanila, kapena zipatso zowala – mukuyenera kudandaula);
kuuma mopitirira / kukazinga mopitirira (amabisa zolakwika za zopangira, amapereka kafungo ka kuphika ndi kupyokera);
nthano zotsatsa m’malo mwa zidziwitso zomveka: chaka cha kukolola, dera, mtundu wa chitsamba, luso.

Zomwe zingathandize posankha:

chidziwitso chodziwikiratu chokhudza zopangira ndi dera;
tsamba louma lathunthu, lopanda fumbi ndi zidutswa;
kafungo koyera kopanda kafungo ka chikuku kapena “chipinda chapansi” (kwa tiyi wokalamba – kafungo kofewa ka matabwa ndi udzu kuli bwino, koma osati nkhungu).

12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:

Kukhalapo kwa muyezo wa T/XYCY 001—2024 ndi chizindikiro cha kukonzekera mwadongosolo kwa chinthu: dera limakhazikitsa matanthauzo, mitundu, ndi zofunikira za ubwino.
Poyesa kulawa tiyi woyera wa Xìnyáng, ndi bwino kuyerekeza ndi Bái Mǔ Dān wa Fúdīng wa chaka chomwecho: mwanjira imeneyi n’zosavuta kumva chisonkhezero cha nyengo ndi zopangira.
Tiyi woyera wa Xìnyáng ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha “geography yatsopano” ya tiyi woyera ku China: luso likufalikira, koma kalembedwe kamakhalabe koterero.

13. Zolakwa Pakukonza ndi Kusunga:

Ngakhale tiyi woyera wabwino n’kosavuta “kumuwonjezera kusalala” chifukwa cha luso.

Madzi otentha kwambiri kwa mitundu yofewa: tiyi wa mphukira (makamaka Yín Zhēn) atenthedwa ndi madzi otentha kwambiri amataya kafungo ka maluwa ndi kupereka kuphipha kowawidwa.
Kuthira koyamba kwa nthawi yayitali: tiyi woyera amatambasuka pang’onopang’ono; ndi bwino kuchita mwachidule ndikuwonjezera nthawi.
Kusatentha mokwanira kwa tiyi wokalamba ndi woponderezedwa: mosiyana, tiyi woyera wakale ndi woponderezedwa wolimba nthawi zambiri amafuna 95–100 °C, apo ayi kulawa kumakhala kophwanyaphwanya.
Kusunga pafupi ndi kafungo: tiyi woyera amakoka mwachangu “khitchini”, zokometsera, ndi mankhwala a m’nyumba.
Kusokoneza “watsopano vs wokalamba”: kuyembekezera kwa tiyi wakale “masamba a masika” ndi zolakwika; kukongola kwake kuli mu uchi, zipatso zouma, ndi kuchulukitsa mofewa.

Ngati kulawa kumaoneka kopanda kanthu – yesani:

kuwonjezera mlingo ndi 1–2 g;
kukulitsa kutentha ndi 5 °C (kapena, mosiyana, kuchepetsa kwa tiyi wamphukira);
kufupikitsa nthawi ya kuthira koyamba ndi kupereka kuthira kochuluka motsatana.

14. Kupondereza ndi Kukalamba:

Tiyi woyera ndi umodzi mwa mitundu yochepa ya tiyi yaku China yomwe imapezeka mochuluka m’mawonekedwe osakanizidwa komanso yoponderezedwa (mikate, njerwa).

Chifukwa chiyani amapondereza tiyi woyera

Kusavuta kusunga ndi kuutumiza: kuchepa kwa kuchuluka, kuchepa kwa zidutswa.
Kukalamba mofanana: mu kupondereza, tiyi amakalamba pang’onopang’ono ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala “okhazikika” kwambiri, chifukwa tsamba silikhudzana kwambiri ndi mpweya.
Kulawa: mu kupondereza nthawi zambiri kuli kuchulukitsa kwa “compote” ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu zowala.

Wosakanizidwa vs woponderezedwa – chisankho chiti

Wosakanizidwa ndi wabwino kwambiri ngati mukufuna kafungo kochuluka tsopano (makamaka kwa tiyi wamphukira ndi watsopano).
Woponderezedwa ndi wosavuta ngati mukukonzekera kusunga, kukalamba, kuphika, kapena kumwa tiyi pafupipafupi mu kuchuluka kwakukulu.

Momwe mungachotsere tiyi ku mkate moyenera

gwiritsani ntchito mpeni wa tiyi wopyapyala/chibowo ndipo mugwire ntchito motsatira zigawo, osasandutsa tiyi kukhala fumbi;
ngati kupondereza kuli kolimba kwambiri, mutha kupuma “pakupumula” pakuchotsa mphasa kwa masiku 1–2 m’malo owuma osalowerera – tsamba lidzakhala losalala;
yesetsani kusunga zidutswa zazikulu: mwanjira imeneyi kukoma kudzakhala koyera komanso kofewa.

Chofunikira: kupondereza sikukhala “kupangitsa tiyi kukhala wabwino” motero. Ngati zopangira zoyambirira kapena kusungidwa kuli koyipa, mkate umangosunga vutolo.

15. Momwe Tiyi Amasinthira Pakapita Nthawi:

Kukalamba kwa tiyi woyera sikofunika kukhala “zaka makumi.” Ngakhale m’mikhalidwe yapakhomo, kusintha kumawonekera mofulumira.

Miyezi 0–12 (motchedwa “Xīn Chá”)

maluwa, udzu watsopano, udzu woonda amatsogolera;
chakumwa ndi chowala;
kutentha kosamala ndi kuthira kwaufupi n’koyenera (makamaka kwa Yín Zhēn).

Zaka 1–3

kubiriwira kwatsopano kumakhala kodekha;
uchi wochuluka, khungu la chipatso kumawonekera;
kukoma kumazungulira, kuphipha koopsa kumachepa.

Zaka 3–7 (nthawi zambiri zomwe msika umatcha “Lǎo Chá”)

chakumwa chimadetsa kwambiri kukhala golide-amber;
mphamvu za zipatso zouma zimakula, mafuta a udzu ndi zokometsera zimaonekera;
magulu amasamba (Shòu Méi) amakhala makamaka “compote”.

Zaka 7+

kalembedwe kamakhala kotentha ndi kwakuya: udzu wouma, matabwa, datolo/ mphesa zouma;
tiyi nthawi zambiri amagwirizana kwambiri kuphikidwa.

Mkhalidwe umodzi: kusunga kosaphimbidwa ndi kopanda kafungo. Pakusunga munyowa, “kukalamba” kumasanduka cholakwa (nkhungu/ kuwawa).

16. Momwe Mungasankhire Gulu Labwino:

Posankha tiyi woyera, ndi bwino kumvetsetsa pasadakhale kalembedwe kamene mukufuna: “kubala kwa masika” (Xīn Chá) kapena kuya kwa uchi-zipatso zouma (kukalamba). Kenako – yang’anani gulu ngati chinthu cha chiyambi, osati ngati nthano yokongola.

1) Yang’anani zoyambirira

Chaka ndi nyengo: tiyi woyera ndi chakumwa cha m’nyengo. “Masika” nthawi zambiri amakhala otsitsimuka mokoma kafungo, “dzuwa/kugwa” – olimba komanso amaudzu.
Dera ndi wopanga: kwa chikale cha Fújiàn, Fúdīng/Zhènghé ndi mudzi/deru linalake ndi lofunika. Kwa madera atsopano – dera linalake lakulima.
Gulu la zopangira: Yín Zhēn / Bái Mǔ Dān / Gōng Méi / Shòu Méi (kapena chofanana). Izi ndi zoona kuposa kungonena za “premium”.

2) Yesani tsamba louma

Kukhulupirika: zidutswa zochepa ndi fumbi, gawo losamalidwa.
Kugwirizana: kukula kofanana ndi mtundu ndi chizindikiro cha kusanja mokhazikika.
Kafungo: koyera, kopanda “chipinda chapansi”, chinyezi, mankhwala, ndi kafungo kowawidwa.

3) Kuyesa mwachangu mu chakumwa

Kukhala kwake: tiyi woyera wabwino nthawi zambiri amapereka chakumwa choyera, chosaphimbidwa.
Kulawa kwakumbuyo: kuyenera kukhala kotsekemera ndi kwa nthawi yayitali, kopanda kuwawa konyansa ndi “zodetsa”.

4) Kwa tiyi woyera wokalamba (Lǎo Chá)

funsani/onani, momwe tiyi adasungidwira (kouma, kopanda kafungo);
pewani magulu okhala ndi nkhungu, kuwawa, chikuku – si “chithandizo”, koma cholakwa cha kusunga.

Mfundo yaikulu: ndi bwino kusankha tiyi wodziwika bwino chiyambi ndi kafungo koyera, kusiyana ndi tiyi “wakale kwambiri” wokhala ndi mbiri yosamvetsetseka.

17. Madzi ndi Zombo:

Ubwino wa madzi ndi zombo umawonekera kwambiri pa tiyi woyera: iye ndi wofewa, ndipo kukoma kulikonse “kosayenera” kumaonekera nthawi yomweyo.

Madzi

Ofewa kapena okhala ndi mchere wochepera nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito bwino. Madzi okhwima kwambiri “amabisa” kutsekemera ndi kupangitsa chakumwa kukhala chosakhwima, pomwe madzi omwe ali ndi mchere wochepa kwambiri angapangitse “kupanda kanthu”.
Ngati palibe mwayi woyesa kuchuluka kwa mchere, tsatirani mfundo yosavuta iyi: madzi akumwa omwe amakoma okha, nthawi zambiri amagwirizananso ndi tiyi.
Kafungo ka madzi (klorini, “pulasitiki”, chitsulo) nthawi yomweyo amalowa mchakumwa. Fyuluta kapena kuisiyitsa kwa kanthawi nthawi zambiri kumathetsa vutoli.

Zombo

Kwa tiyi woyera watsopano (Xīn Chá) ndi bwino kwambiri dongo kapena galasi: ndizosalowerera ndipo “siziba” kafungo.
Kwa tiyi woyera wokalamba (Lǎo Chá) dongo ndi zombo zolimba za ceramic zimagwirizana. Ketulo ya dothi n’kotheka, koma iyenera kukhala yosalowerera ndi yotsukidwa bwino – tiyi woyera mosavuta amatenga kafungo kosayenera.
Galasi ndi yosavuta ngati mukufuna kuona kusweka kwa tsamba ndi kuyang’anira mtundu wa chakumwa.

Zinthu zazing’ono zaukadaulo zomwe zimasinthadi kukoma

tenthetsani gaiwani/ketulo kwa tiyi woyera wokalamba (kwa watsopano, kutentha kumayenera kukhala kochepa);
musasiye tiyi “akuyandama” m’madzi pakati pa kuthira;
ngati tiyi ndi woponderezedwa – mupatseni nthawi kuti asweke ndipo musapanikize chidutswa ndi mpeni kukhala fumbi: zidutswa zimawawa kwambiri.

18. Chikumbutso Chachidule Chakukonza:

Pansipa pali kakonzedwe kofupikitsa kamene kamathandiza kupeza “kukoma” mwachangu osayesa kwa nthawi yaitali. Gwiritsani ntchito ngati poyambira ndipo kenako muzisintha molingana ndi gulu lanu.

1) Kutentha

Tiyi wamphukira ndi wofewa kwambiri (Yín Zhēn wamtundu): 70–80 °C.
Mphukira + masamba (Bái Mǔ Dān wamtundu): 80–90 °C.
Tiyi wamamasamba ndi woponderezedwa (Gōng Méi/Shòu Méi, mikate): 90–100 °C.

2) Mlingo

pa kuthira: 5 g pa 150–200 ml – chitsogozo chogwirizana;
ngati kukoma kuli kopanda kanthu – wonjezani 1–2 g; ngati kuli kolimba kwambiri – chepetsani.

3) Nthawi

yambani ndi masekondi 10–20, kenako wonjezani;
ngati kuwawa kukuwonekera – mufupikitse zomwe zikuyambira kapena muchepetse kutentha.

4) Pamene kuphika kuli koyenera

nthawi zambiri – kwa tiyi woyera wokalamba ndi wamamasamba;
ngati tiyi ndi woponderezedwa, kuphika kumapereka kalembedwe kokhazikika ka “compote” ndi kutsekemera kwakukulu.

5) Zolakwa zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri Tiyi woyera amathera kutenthedwa mopitirira (ndipo amakhala wolimba), kapena kusatenthedwa mokwanira kwa okalamba/oponderezedwa (ndipo samveka bwino).

19. Kulawa ndi Kuunika:

Ngati mukufuna kuyerekeza magulu ndi kumvetsetsa dera/zaka, nthawi zina ndi bwino kukonza tiyi woyera “ngati pakulawa”.

Ndondomeko yaying’ono (nyumba yake ya cupping)

Tengani magulu awiri ndi kuwakonza mu zombo zofanana (miyendo iwiri yofanana ya gaiwani kapena magalasi).
Gwiritsani ntchito madzi, mlingo, ndi kutentha zofanana.
Pulumutsani katatu: kwaufupi (10–15 s), kwapakati (20–30 s) ndi kwautali (45–60 s).
Lembani magawo 5: kafungo ka tsamba louma, kafungo ka chakumwa, kukoma, kukoma kwakumbuyo, kumva m’thupi (kuchulukitsa/kuwawa/“kusalala”).

Zomwe muyenera kuyang’ana

Kuyeretsedwa: kafungo kalikonse ka chikuku, kuwawa, “fumbi” nthawi zambiri kumasonyeza mavuto a kusunga kapena zopangira.
Kusintha: tiyi woyera wabwino amasintha mokongola kuchokera pa kuthira kumodzi kupita kumzake; kukoma “kophwanyaphwanya” nthawi zambiri ndi chizindikiro cha gulu losakhwima.
Kutsekemera ndi kuwawa: tiyi woyera angakhale wokomera, koma kuwawa sikuyenera kulamulira.
Kukhudza: gulu la tiyi wamphamvu limakhala ndi mverera ya “mafuta” kapena “siliki” – musasokoneze ndi kuwawa.

Ndondomeko yotereyi sikulowa m’malo mwa kuwunika kwa akatswiri, koma imaphunzitsa mofulumira kusiyanitsa: zopangira, ukadaulo, ndi ubwino wa kusunga.

20. Ndi Chiyani Kumwa ndi Pamene:

Tiyi woyera nthawi zambiri amakhala wabwino kwambiri m’malo “abata” – opanda zokometsera zowala ndi chakudya chonunkhira kwambiri.

Tiyi woyera watsopano (Xīn Chá): amakhala bwino ndi zipatso (peyala, apulo), mabisiketi opepuka, mtedza, tchizi zofewa. Amakhalanso ngati “tiyi wam’mawa” – amatsitsimula mofatsa.
Tiyi woyera wokalamba (Lǎo Chá): amagwirizana kwambiri ndi zipatso zouma, buledi wotentha, maswiti a mtedza, phala; m’nyengo yozizira nthawi zambiri amamwa ngati tiyi “wotenthetsa”. Shòu Méi mu mphika ngati “compote”, ndipo amagwirizana ndi chakudya chapakhomo.
Zomwe zimasokoneza: chakudya chokhwima, adyo/anyezi wamphamvu, zokometsera zowala, ndi maswiti a zonona kwambiri – sizigwirizana mosavuta kafungo kofewa ka tiyi woyera.

21. Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri:

Nchifukwa chiyani tiyi woyera akutchedwa “woyera”?
Chifukwa cha tsitsi loyera pa mphukira ndi chithunzi chonse “chowala” cha zopangira, komanso chifukwa cha luso lofewa (kufota ndi kuumitsa popanda kukonza zobiriwira).

Kodi tingawotche tiyi woyera?
Tiyi watsopano wamphukira ndi bwino kusawotcha. Koma tiyi woyera wamamasamba ndi wokalamba (makamaka Shòu Méi ndi Bái Mǔ Dān wakale) nthawi zambiri amasanduka bwino kuphika kapena mu thermos.

Kodi tiyi woyera ndi wosiyana motani ndi tiyi wobiriwira?
Chizindikiro chachikulu cha luso cha tiyi wobiriwira ndi gawo loti 杀青 (shāqīng), limene limasiya kugwira ntchito kwa ma enzyme ndi kukonza “kubiriwira”. Mu tiyi woyera, kaŵirikaŵiri palibe gawo loterelo: kukoma kumapangidwa ndi kufota ndi kuumitsa.

Kodi tiyi woyera nthawi zonse amakhala “wosalimba” pa caffeine?
Sizomachitika nthawi zonse. Tiyi wamphukira ungakhale wotsitsimula. Kufewa kwawo kumagwirizana ndi momwe caffeine imamvekera limodzi ndi theanine ndi kapangidwe kake.

Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kuti kukalamba nkoyenera?
Kukalamba koyenera ndi kafungo koyera ka uchi ndi udzu / zipatso zouma kopanda nkhungu ndi kuwawa, chakumwa chowonekera ndi kukoma kozungulira.

Pamapeto:

Xìnyáng Báichá (信阳白茶, Xìnyáng báichá) ndi chithunzithunzi cha ndakatulo cha khalidwe lakumpoto mu tiyi woyera, kumene nkhungu yozizira ya Dàbiéshān ndi nyengo ya kontinenti ya Hénán zimapanga kutsekemera kwapadera, kokhazikika. Tiyi uyu ngati wamwetsa kukongola kodekha kwa malo ake: kuno kuli maluwa ochepa kumwera, koma kumveka bwino komanso kapangidwe kake. Adzagwirizana ndi iwo amene amafunafuna mu tiyi woyera osati kupepuka kokha, komanso “thupi” looneka la chakumwa, amene amayamikira kugwirizana pakati pa kufewa ndi kuchulukitsa.

Tiyi woyera wa Xìnyáng amapereka chidziwitso cha chidziŵitso chodekha — uwu ndi tiyi wa m’maŵa aulesi kapena zakumwa zamadzulo zozikidwa mwagona, pamene mukufuna kumva mmene kuzizira kwakumpoto kwa dera kumayenderera ndi kutsekemera koyera ndi kulawa kwakumbuyo kwa nthawi yaitali kwa uchi. Mu kuthira kulikonse kumawululidwa mbiri ya njira yatsopano ya tiyi ya Xìnyáng wakale — dera lomwe limakulitsa malire a tiyi woyera molimba mtima, kusunga chikhalidwe chake chapadera.