Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng

Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng ndi tiyi wamakono wamtundu wobiriwira wochokera m’chigawo cha Zhejiang, mmodzi mwa tiyi khumi odziwika bwino a m’chigawochi komanso nyenyezi ya msika wa tiyi m’boma la Wuyi (武义), lomwe linali loyamba ku China kutchedwa “Malo a Tiyi Wachilengedwe”. Anapangidwa mu 1994, ndipo mwamsanga analowa m’gulu la tiyi apamwamba ku Zhejiang chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake apadera okhala ngati mahule osongoka okhala ngati mvula ya masika, ndi fungo lake losakaniza maluwa ndi mchere wa m’tchire. Dzina lake lokha ndi ndakatulo: “Mvula ya masika pamwamba pa Wuyang”.

1. Gulu ndi Kuyambira:

Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriwira (wopanda ferment, 绿茶, lǜchá). Kupanga kwake ndi kophatikiza (chaochi + hunchi): kukazinga poika m’manja kenako kuumitsa komaliza ndi mpweya wotentha.
Gulu: Tiyi wodziwika wamakono (创新名茶, chuàngxīn míngchá), yemwe ali m’gulu la “Tiyi Khumi Odziwika a Chigawo cha Zhejiang” (浙江省十大名茶) kuyambira 2004. Ali ndi chizindikiro cha malo aulimi (农产品地理标志) kuyambira 2017. Adzindikiridwanso ngati “chinthu chotetezedwa ku zachilengedwe chakuchokera” (生态原产地保护产品). Anapatsidwa mwayi wokhala “mtundu wa tiyi wa chikhalidwe” pansi pa pulogalamu ya “Dziko Lozungulira Tiyi Padziko Lonse – Zhejiang” (世界茶乡看浙江) mu 2024.
Kuchokera: China, Chigawo cha Zhejiang (浙江省, Zhèjiāng Shěng), mzinda wa Jinhua (金华市, Jīnhuá Shì), boma la Wuyi (武义县, Wǔyì Xiàn). Malo opangira amapezeka m’maboma, matauni ndi misewu 17: Hushan (壶山街道), Shuxi (熟溪街道), malo a akasupe otentha – Wenquan (温泉度假区), Lütan (履坦镇), Quanxi (泉溪镇), Tongqin (桐琴镇), Wangzhai (王宅镇), Xinzhai (新宅镇), Liucheng (柳城镇), Taoxi (桃溪镇), Datian (大田乡), Baimu (白姆乡), Yuyuan (俞源乡), Tanhong (坦洪乡), Xilian (西联乡), Sangang (三港), Daxikou (大溪口) – midzi yonse 385.
Ma coordinates a geografia: 28°31′–29°03′ N, 119°27′–119°45′ E (malo otetezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha malo aulimi).

2. Mbiri ndi Chikhalidwe Chofunika:

Mbiri: Boma la Wuyi lakhala ndi chikhalidwe cha ulimi wa tiyi kwa zaka mazana ambiri. M’nyengo ya Southern Song (南宋, 1127–1279), ankakolola “Jiangfu Cha” (蒋富茶) yemwe anali wodziwika m’dera lonselo. Malinga ndi zolemba za nthawi ya Ming (明, nyengo ya Jiajing, 嘉靖, 1522–1566), tiyi ameneyu ankatumizidwa ku nyumba yachifumu ngati “gongcha” (贡品). M’zaka za m’ma 1960–70, minda ya tiyi m’bomalo inali pafupifupi 100,000 mu (≈6,667 ha), ndipo Wuyi anakhala limodzi mwa maboma aakulu opanga tiyi ku Zhejiang. Komabe, m’zaka za m’ma 1980, chifukwa chakusintha kwa msika wa tiyi – kuchepa kwa chidwi ndi tiyi wamba komanso ziletso zogulitsa kunja – ntchito ya tiyi inagwa pansi kwambiri: minda pafupifupi 50,000 mu inasiyidwa.

Poyankha vutoli, akuluakulu a boma mothandizidwa ndi Chipatala cha Tiyi cha China Academy of Agricultural Sciences (中国农业科学院茶叶研究所) anapanga dongosolo la kukhazikitsa tiyi odziwika ndi wachilengedwe. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 1994, boma linatulutsa ndalama 20,000 yuan kuchokera m’thumba la zaulimi popanga tiyi watsopano wodziwika. Dipatimenti ya Zaulimi ya Wuyi (武义县农业局) inakhazikitsa gulu la kafukufuku ndipo mu Marichi inaitanitsa akatswiri apamwamba a chigawochi – wachiwiri kwa mkulu wa dipatimenti ya zokolola pazachuma wa ofesi ya zaulimi ya chigawo, Mao Zufa (毛祖法), wamkulu wa zaulimi Ying Juxian (应菊仙), ndi wamkulu wa zaulimi Li Shouhua (厉守华) wochokera ku Jinhua. Atapima minda yonse yamitundu ya tiyi m’bomalo, gululo linasankha cultivar yaikulu – Yingshuang (迎霜, Yíngshuāng) ndipo linakhazikitsa malo oyesera m’midzi ya Huatang (华塘村, tsopano Liucheng), Yujia (余家村) ndi Zhengxinwu (正新屋村, tsopano Hushan). Pakatha mwezi wa kuyesa ndi kukazinga mobwerezabwereza, adapanga tiyi yemwe maonekedwe ake – mahule oongoka ofanana ndi singano za paini – amakumbutsa ulusi wa mvula ya masika. Pophatikiza chithunzichi ndi dzina lakale la boma – Wuyang (武阳), opangawo anamupatsa tiyuyu dzina la “Wuyang Chun Yu” (武阳春雨) – “Mvula ya masika pamwamba pa Wuyang”.

Pa 13 Juni 1994 panakhala kafukufuku wovomerezeka wakulawitsa, womwe unavomereza kuti tiyuyu akwaniritsa mulingo wa chigawo. Mu Seputembala chaka chomwecho, maphunziro aukadaulo anakhazikitsidwa kwa antchito aukadaulo. Mu 1994, tiyiyu adalandira mphoto yoyamba ya mpikisano wa “Zhong Cha Bei” (中茶杯). Mu 1995 – mendulo ya golide pa Chiwonetsero Chachiwiri cha Zaulimi cha China. Mu 1996 chizindikiro cha malonda “Chunyu” (春雨, nambala yolembetsa 966090) chinalembedwa. Mu 1999 – mendulo ya golide yapadziko lonse pa chiwonetsero cha tiyi. Mu 2004 – mwayi wokhala m’modzi mwa “Tiyi Khumi Odziwika a Zhejiang”. Mu 2012, China International Tea Culture Research Association inapatsa Wuyi dzina la “Dziko la Chikhalidwe cha Tiyi cha China” (中国茶文化之乡). Mu 2017 – kulembetsa chizindikiro cha malo aulimi. Mu 2024 – kuikidwa m’gulu la mitundu ya tiyi yachikhalidwe ya Zhejiang pamodzi ndi Xi Hu Long Jing ndi Anji Bai Cha.
Dzina: “武阳” (Wǔyáng) ndi dzina lakale la mbiri ya boma la Wuyi (武义), lomwe linkagwiritsidwa ntchito m’nyengo za Han ndi Jin; “春” (chūn) – “masika”; “雨” (yǔ) – “mvula”. Dzina lonselo – “Mvula ya masika pamwamba pa Wuyang” – likutanthauza maonekedwe a tiyi youma: mahule oongoka ofanana ndi ulusi wa mvula yofunda ya masika ikugwa pa dziko lodzidzimuka la Wuyang. Wolemba ndakatulo Ye Yiwei (叶一苇) ananyemula chithunzichi motere: “一场春雨后，云雾遍山香；多少品茶客，开怀话武阳” – “Mvula ya masika ikatha – fungo labwino la mitambo m’mapiri; okonda tiyi angati amakambirana nkhani za Wuyang mosangalala”.
Chikhalidwe Chofunika: Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng ndi yosagwirizana ndi lingaliro la “tiyi wachilengedwe”, limene Wuyi analikweza kukhala mtundu wadziko lonse. Boma la Wuyi linakhala loyamba ku China kulandira dzina la “Malo a Tiyi Wachilengedwe ku China” (中国有机茶之乡) kuchokera ku Unduna wa Zaulimi. Kuchuluka kwa nkhalango m’derali ndi 85.93%, nsonga za mapiri 79 zoposa 1,000 m, kusowa kwa zowononga zachilengedwe – zonsezi zinapangitsa Wuyi kukhala malo abwino opangira tiyi wosamalira zachilengedwe. Woyambitsa mtundawu, Zhu Lingping (祝凌平) – woyamba ku China “katswiri wa luso la tiyi” (中国制茶大师) wochokera ku Wuyi, amene pambuyo pake anapereka chizindikiro cha malonda cha “Wuyang Chun Yu” ku anthu onse, kuti alimi onse 60,000 a tiyi a m’bomalo athe kuchigwiritsa ntchito. Kupereka kumeneku kunakhala chizindikiro cha chitukuko chogwirizana ndipo kunalandira chidwi chachikulu.

3. Mafotokozedwe a Mbewu ndi Zopangira:

Mtundu wa zomera: Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze var. sinensis.
Mtundu / Cultivar: Mitundu yapadera: Chunyu-1 (春雨一号, Chūnyǔ yī hào) ndi Chunyu-2 (春雨二号, Chūnyǔ èr hào) – ndi mitundu yaikulu, yosankhidwa ndi yolembetsedwa popanga Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng, yomwe imakhala ndi fungo la maluwa ndi zipatso komanso kukoma kotsekemera. Cultivar Yingshuang (迎霜, Yíngshuāng) – “kholo” la mtundu wa mbiri, yemwe anagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa mu 1994, ndi mitundu ina yoyenera derali amaloledwanso.
Kukolola: Kumayambiriro kwa masika – Marichi. Mulingo: kuyambira pa mphukira imodzi mpaka pa mphukira imodzi ndi masamba atatu, malinga ndi giredi. Magiredi apamwamba – mphukira imodzi kapena mphukira imodzi ndi tsamba limodzi; magiredi ambiri – mphukira imodzi ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu. Kukolola kumachitika malinga ndi kukwaniritsa mulingo: “mphukira ikafika mulingo, kololani” (达到采摘标准即开园).
Mulingo wa kukolola: Mphukira ziyenera kukhala zathunthu, zobiriwira mofewa, zatsopano, zofanana (芽叶完整、色泽嫩绿、新鲜、匀净). Zopangira zimafika pa faktale mkati mwa maola 4 kuchokera pakukolola.
Zofunika pa zopangira: Kukhala kwatsopano ndikofunikira kwambiri. Kukolola kosiyana malinga ndi mitundu, magawo ndi magiredi (分级分批采摘). Miyezo yachilengedwe: popanda mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ophera udzu ndi feteleza wopangidwa m’mindanda yovomerezeka.

4. Malo ndi Makhalidwe a Kulimidwa:

Mtunda wochokera kunyanja: Minda yambiri ili pa 500–1,500 m pamwamba pa nyanja. M’bomalo muli nsonga 79 zoposa 1,000 m. Minda ya pamapiri (dera la Jiulongshan, 九龙山, Anfengshan, 安凤山) ili pa 800–1,200 m.
Nyengo: Ya subtropical monsoon. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka – 16.9°C. Mvula yapachaka – 1,400–1,600 mm. Nyengo zinayi zoonekeratu. Nthawi yopanda chisanu – pafupifupi masiku 250.
Nyengo ya m’deralo: Boma la Wuyi – “八山半水分半田” (zigawo zisanu ndi zitatu za mapiri, theka la madzi, theka la minda) – ndi dera lamapiri. Kuchuluka kwa nkhalango ndi 85.93%. Minda ya tiyi ya m’mapiri imakutidwa ndi mitambo ndi chifunga kwakanthawi kochuluka kwa chaka, zomwe zimapereka kuwala kochuluka kosalunjika, chinyezi chambiri ndi kutentha kwausiku kozizira – mikhalidwe yoyenera kudzikundikira kwa ma amino acid ndi zinthu zonunkhira.
Nthaka: Nthaka zofiira zachikasu la laterite ndi za nkhalango zamapiri, za acidic pang’ono (pH 4.5–5.5), zokhala ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe, zotulutsa madzi bwino. Kusowa kwa zowononga zachilengedwe ndikofunikira kwambiri popanga tiyi wachilengedwe.
Ulimi: Wuyi ndi mtsogoleri wa ulimi wa tiyi wachilengedwe ku China. M’minda yovomerezeka (yoposa 12,500 mu ya minda yachilengedwe), feteleza wopangidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo saloledwa. M’malo mwake, amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta othira mbewu ya rape (菜籽饼) monga feteleza wachilengedwe, misampha ya tizilombo yoyendera dzuwa, misampha yomata yamitundu, ndi njira ya “tiyi + mbalame” (kuyendetsa nkhuku m’mundamo kuti zilamulire tizilombo). Kumera kowotcha pamanja kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.

5. Ukadaulo Wopanga:

Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng imapangidwa ndi ukadaulo wophatikiza, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito kukazinga poika m’manja (chaochi) ndi kuumitsa komaliza ndi mpweya wotentha (hunchi). Cholinga chachikulu ndi kupanga maonekedwe ake apadera a singano (针形, zhēnxíng) ndi fungo lodzala, lamphamvu lokhala ndi ziphatso za mchere wa m’tchire ndi maluwa.

Kuyala-kufowoketsa (摊放 — tānfàng): Masamba atsopano amayalikidwa m’kagawo kochepa pa thireyi za nsungwi m’chipinda chopumira mpweya. Cholinga ndi kuchotsa chinyezi chochuluka chapamwamba ndi kuyamba kukulitsa fungo. Nthawi – maola 4–6.
Kukhazikitsa «shaqing» (杀青 — shāqīng): Kukazinga mu mphika wotentha (kapena chipangizo cha ng’oma) pa kutentha kwakukulu kuti tizilombo tilipire ndipo kutha kwa kuyanika kwa okosijeni kutha. Tsamba limakazingidwa mwamsanga ndikuzikonza mosalekeza, kusunga mtundu wobiriwira ngati wa mwala wamtengo wapatali.
Kukonza-kusala (理条 — lǐtiáo): Gawo lofunikira kwambiri popanga maonekedwe a singano. Mphukira zimasalidwa, kukanikizidwa ndi kuzengedwa kukhala mahule oongoka, osongoka (紧细如松针). Zimatha kuchitidwa pamanja kapena pa makina opangira mawonekedwe (理条机).
Kuumitsa koyambirira (初烘 — chūhōng): Mpweya wotentha pa 100–110°C mpaka chinyezi chifike ~20–25%.
Kuziziritsa-kupumula (摊凉 — tānliáng): Kugawanso chinyezi chotsalira. Mphindi 30–60.
Kuumitsa kachiwiri (复烘 — fùhōng): Pa ~80–90°C mpaka chinyezi chifike 5–7%.
Kutenthetsa komaliza-nunkhitsa (提香 — tíxiāng): Kutenthetsa kwa kanthawi kochepa pa kutentha kokwanira kuti fungo “likwere” ndi kukhazikitsa mawonekedwe a mchere wa m’tchire ndi maluwa. Pa gawo ili, fungo lapadera la Mvula ya Masika, “yoyenda” pakwera, limapangidwa.

6. Makhalidwe a Kumva ndi Kuwona:

Maonekedwe a tsamba louma: Mahule osongoka, oongoka, olimba (紧细), okhala ngati singano za paini kapena ulusi wa mvula (形似松针丝雨). Ndi ubweya woyera wochepa (显毫). Mtundu – wobiriwira wofewa ndi kamtundu kakang’ono ka chikasu (嫩绿稍黄), wokhala ndi kunyezimira kofewa kwa mafuta (绿润).
Fungo la tsamba louma: Lalikulu, loyera, lokhala ndi ziphatso za mchere wa m’tchire (栗香) ndi kachidontho kakang’ono ka maluwa pansi. Kokedwe kakang’ono ka zipatso.
Fungo la madzi a tiyi: Lalikulu, lapamwamba, “louluka” kutali (清高幽远). Maziko a mchere wa m’tchire ndi mtedza amawonjezedwa ndi maluwa osalala a orchid ndi ziphatso za zipatso (花果香). Fungo limakhala lokhazikika, silimatha mpaka kutha kwa kutsanulira.
Kukoma: Kotsekemera, konyezimira, kwatsopano (甘醇鲜爽), ndi “thupi” loonekeratu ndi kutsekemera kwanthawi yayitali (回甘). Mawu ofotokozera: “kotsekemera, kofewa, ngati velvet” (甜、绵、软) – mgwirizano wodziwika wa Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng. Kuwawa kocheperako. Kukoma komaliza – koyera, kwakanthawi, ndi kozizira pang’ono ngati mchere.
Mtundu wa madzi a tiyi: Wobiriwira mofewa, woyera, wowala (嫩绿清澈明亮).
Malo a tiyi (tsamba lophikidwa): Lofewa, lobiriwira lowala, lofanana (嫩绿明亮匀齐). Mphukira zimatseguka zonse, kusonyeza “kuvina” kwa mahule osongoka mu kapu – zochitika zowoneka ngati “mvula ya masika”.

7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:

Ma Polyphenols (茶多酚): Mulingo wanthawi zonse wa tiyi wobiriwira wochokera kumapiri a Zhejiang – 18–25%. Kuchuluka kwakochepa kwa ma polyphenols (poyerekeza ndi tiyi wa m’zigwa) kumalongosola kufewa kwake ndi kuchepa kwa kukwiiya.
Ma Amino Acid (氨基酸): Kuchuluka kwakukulu (4–5%) – chifukwa cha udindo wa kumapiri, kuwala kwakanthawi kochepa ndi usiku wozizira. L-theanine – amino acid yaikulu, yomwe imachititsa “umami” ndi mphamvu yokhazika mtima pansi.
Ma Catechins (儿茶素): Magulu akuluakulu – EGCG, EGC, ECG, EC. Chiwerengero chonse – 80–110 mg/g (chofanana ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa kumapiri).
Ma Alkaloid: Caffeine – 2–4% wa kulemera kwake kouma. Theobromine, theophylline – milingo yocheperako.
Mavitamini: Vitamini C (chochuluka chifukwa chokolola mu masika), vitamini a gulu B (B₁, B₂), vitamini E, β-carotene.
Ma Mchere: Potaziyamu, magnesiamu, manganese, zinki, selenium, fluoride, phosphorous.
Mafuta Ofunikira: Linalool, geraniol, β-ionone, nonanal, cis-jasmone, benzaldehyde, phenylethanol – amapanga msonkhano wovuta wa mchere wa m’tchire, maluwa ndi zipatso.
Makhalidwe ena: Chiwerengero chochepa cha polyphenol-amino acid (< 5). Kuchuluka kwa shuga wosungunuka kumathandizira kutsekemera kwa “velvet”.

8. Phindu la Zaumoyo:

Kukondweka mofewa ndi kukhazikika: L-theanine + caffeine amapereka mphamvu yokhazikika, yodekha yowonjezera ntchito popanda mantha.
Chitetezo cha Antioxidant: Ma Catechins (EGCG) – ndi ma antioxidant amphamvu, amene amachotsa ma free radical ndikuchepetsa kukalamba kwa maselo.
Thandizo la mtima ndi mitsempha: Ma Polyphenols amathandizira kuchepetsa mulingo wa LDL-cholesterol ndikusunga mitsempha yolimba.
Kukhwimitsa chitetezo cha mthupi: Msonkhano wa vitamini C, zinki, selenium ndi ma catechins umathandizira ntchito za chitetezo cha mthupi.
Kukhazikitsa chakudya: Kukwiiya pang’ono kumalimbikitsa kutulutsa kwa timadzi timene timathandizira chakudya. Ndi tiyi wabwino pambuyo pa chakudya.
Thanzi la m’kamwa: Fluoride ndi makhalidwe oletsa mabakiteriya a ma catechins amathandizira kupewa ming’alu ya mano.
Thandizo la ubongo: L-theanine imathandizira kupanga mafunde a alpha mu ubongo, kukonza mphamvu yogwira ntchito molimbika.
Kuchotsa poizoni: Udindo wachilengedwe (m’minda yovomerezeka) umachepetsa kumatira kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi zitsulo zakulemera, zomwe zimapangitsa tiyi uyu kukhala m’modzi mwa “oyera” kwambiri m’mbiri ya chilengedwe.

Dziwani: anthu osagwirizana ndi caffeine ayenera kukhala osamala. Osamamwa mimba yopanda kanthu.

9. Kaphikidwe:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 80–85°C. Kwa magiredi apamwamba (mphukira imodzi) – 75–80°C.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3–4 g pa 150–200 ml (kaphikidwe m’kapu); 5 g pa 100–120 ml (gaiwan).
Zida: Kapu yamagalasi – ndiyabwino kuwonera zochitika za “mvula ya masika” (mahule amayimirira oongoka ndipo kenako amamira pansi ngati madontho a mvula); gaiwan ya porcelain – ya njira yosamala bwino; chitsulo cha porcelain – cha kumwa tiyi tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ndondomeko (kaphikidwe m’kapu):

Tenthetsani kapu yamagalasi ndi madzi otentha, tsanulani.
Thirani 3–4 g wa tiyi wouma.
Thirani madzi a 80–85°C pa gawo la 1/3 la mphamvu. Lolani tsamba “lidzuke” kwa masekondi 30, kuyang’ana mmene mahule amayimirira oongoka.
Wonjezani madzi mpaka kudzaza.
Lekerani kwa mphindi 2–3.
Mwani mpaka gawo la 1/3 la kotsalira, thirani madzi. Bwerezani 2–3 kawiri.

Ndondomeko (gaiwan):

Tenthetsani gaiwan ndi chahai.
Thirani 5 g, muzurnani fungo la tsamba lotenthedwa.
Kutsanulira koyamba: 80°C, masekondi 15–20.
Kutsanulira kwachiwiri ndi kwachitatu: masekondi 20–30.
Zotsatira: wonjezani masekondi 10–15.
Chiwerengero cha kutsanulira: 4–5.

10. Kusunga:

Chidebe: Thumba la aluminiyamu la foil losindikizidwa lopanda mpweya, litayikidwa mu chidebe cha malata kapena cha lead.
Kutentha: Bwino – 0–5°C (firiji). Pakusunga kwakanthawi kochepa (masabata 2–4) m’malo ozizira amdima pa kutentha kwa chipinda ndikololedwa.
Adani a tiyi: Chinyezi, kuwala, kutentha, fungo lachilendo. Fungo losalala la mchere wa m’tchire ndi maluwa la Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng limakonda kuwonongeka.
Nthawi: Miyezi 6–12 kuti kukoma kukhale kwabwino. Ndikusunga bwino m’firiji – mpaka miyezi 18. Siyenera kusungidwa kuti ikale.

11. Mtengo ndi Zopusitsidwa:

Gulu la mtengo: Wapakatikati ndi wopitirira pang’ono. Giredi yapamwamba kwambiri yochokera kuminda yachilengedwe yamapiri – 800–2,000+ yuan/kg. Mabatchi wamba – 300–700 yuan/kg. Mtengo umadalira kutalika kwa malo, mtundu wa tiyi, nthawi yokolola, ndi kukhala ndi chiphaso chachilengedwe.
Momwe mungapewere zopusitsidwa:
- Maonekedwe: Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng yeniyeni – mahule osongoka, oongoka, ofanana ndi ubweya pang’ono. Masamba akulu, osafanana kapena opindika – ndi chizindikiro chosinthidwa.
- Fungo: la mchere wa m’tchire ndi maluwa loyera, lopanda “chinyezi” ndi kuuma.
- Madzi a tiyi: osasalala, obiriwira mofewa. Osasalala kapena akuda – ndi okayikira.
- Zochitika zowoneka: mukaphikidwa m’kapu yamagalasi, mahule ayenera “kuyimirira” oongoka ndi kumatseguka pang’onopang’ono – chizindikiritso chake.
- Fufuzani chizindikiro cha malo aulimi (农产品地理标志) ndi chiphaso chachilengedwe (有机茶认证).

12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:

Dzina-ndakatulo. “Wuyang Chun Yu” ndi limodzi mwa mayina andakatulo kwambiri pakati pa tiyi achi China. Dzinali linasankhidwa mu 1994, pamene opangawo, akuyang’ana mahule osongoka a tiyi wouma, anaona m’menemo chithunzi cha mvula ya masika pamwamba pa Wuyang wakale. Wolemba ndakatulo Ye Yiwei analemba chithunzichi m’ndakatulo yomwe inakhala nyimbo yosavomerezeka ya tiyiyu.
Woyamba “Malo a Tiyi Wachilengedwe” ku China. Boma la Wuyi linali loyamba m’dziko lonselo kulandira kuchokera ku Unduna wa Zaulimi dzina la “中国有机茶之乡”. Pofika mu 2016, malo ovomerezeka a minda ya tiyi wachilengedwe m’bomalo anakwana 12,500 mu (~833 ha) – dera lalikulu kwambiri la tiyi wachilengedwe m’dzikolo.
Mphatso kwa alimi 60,000. Woyambitsa mtundawu, Zhu Lingping, anapereka chizindikiro cha malonda cha “Wuyang Chun Yu” kwa anthu onse mwaulere, kuti alimi onse 60,000 a tiyi a m’bomalo athe kugwira ntchito pansi pa mtundu umodzi. Kuchita mtima waukulu kumeneku kunakhala chimodzi mwazochitika zokambidwa kwambiri m’ntchito ya tiyi ku Zhejiang.
Nkhuku alonda. M’minda yachilengedwe ya Wuyi, njira ya “tiyi + mbalame” imagwiritsidwa ntchito – njira yachilengedwe yolamulira tizilombo, pomwe nkhuku zamphepete (山鸡) ndi nkhuku za guifei (贵妃鸡) zimasakasaka momasuka pakati pa mizere ya tiyi, kudya tizilombo ndikupereka feteleza wachilengedwe.
“Khumi” ya Zhejiang. Mu 2004, Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng inalowa m’gulu la “Tiyi Khumi Odziwika a Zhejiang” pamodzi ndi Xi Hu Long Jing, Dafo Long Jing, Anji Bai Cha, Jingshan Cha, Songyang Yin Hou ndi ena – patangodutsa zaka 10 kuchokera pamene anapangidwa.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi tiyi ena obiriwira:

Parameter	Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng (武阳春雨)	Xinyang Maojian (信阳毛尖)	Enshi Yulu (恩施玉露)	Zhejiang Songzhen (浙江松针)
Kuchokera	Wuyi, Zhejiang	Xinyang, Henan	Enshi, Hubei	Zhejiang (maboma osiyanasiyana)
Maonekedwe a tsamba	Mahule osongoka “mvula ya masika”	Mahule osongoka okhala ndi ubweya wochuluka	Mahule osongoka (ooneka ngati singano)	Singano “singano za paini”
Njira yopangira	Chaochi + hunchi	Chaochi	Zhengchi (kutenthetsa ndi nthunzi)	Chaochi
Fungo lalikulu	Mchere wa m’tchire ndi maluwa	Mchere wa m’tchire, wokhazikika	Udzu wamadzi ndi udzu	Mchere wa m’tchire
Kukoma	Kotsekemera, ngati velvet, kofewa	Kwatsopano, kokwiiyira pang’ono	Kwatsopano, ndi umami	Mtedza, koyera
Udindo wachilengedwe	Nyenyezi ya tiyi wachilengedwe	Palibe chiphaso chachikulu	Palibe chiphaso chachikulu	Zosiyanasiyana
Makhalidwe ena	“Mvula ya masika” – zochitika zowoneka	Kuchuluka koopsa kwa ubweya	Tiyi yokhayo ya ku China yotenthedwa ndi nthunzi	Maonekedwe akale a “paini”

Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng imadziwika pakati pa tiyi a singano chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kutsekemera kwa “velvet”, fungo loyera la mchere wa m’tchire ndi maluwa, ndi udindo wachilengedwe. Poyerekeza ndi Xinyang Maojian – ndi wosakwiiyira kwambiri ndipo ndi “wofewa” kwambiri. Kusiyana ndi Enshi Yulu ndi ukadaulo wosiyana (kukazinga motsutsana ndi kutenthetsa ndi nthunzi) ndi mawonekedwe a kukoma. Ndipo kusiyana ndi “m’bale wake” Zhejiang Songzhen – ndi chithunzi chapadera cha “mvula” ndi ziphatso zoonekeratu za zipatso.

Momaliza:

Mvula ya Masika ya Wǔyáng ndi chitsanzo chosowa cha momwe tiyi, wopangidwa “kuchokera pachiyambi” mu 1994, m’zaka makumi atatu anakhala m’modzi mwa tiyi khumi odziwika a chigawo chachikulu chopanga tiyi ku China. Kumbuyo kwa izi sikuli mwayi wamalonda, koma ndi kufikira kwenikweni kwa malo: mapiri a Wuyi ndi chifunga chawo, nthaka zoyera ndi miyambo ya tiyi ya zaka mazana ambiri anadikira tiyi uyu – wosalala, woyera, wachilengedwe.

Mphikeni mu kapu yamagalasi yowonekera ndipo muwone: mahule obiriwira amayimirira oongoka, amazungulira pang’onopang’ono ndi kumira pansi – ngati mitsinje ya mvula yofunda ya masika. Kumwa koyamba – mchere wa m’tchire, kosekemerako, ndi kamvekedwe kakutali ka maluwa. Kowiri – kofewa, “ngati velvet”, ndi kuya kwakukula kwa mchere. Kachitatu – koyera, kosalala, ngati mtsinje wamapiri. Uwu ndi tiyi yemwe samachititsa chidwi pakamwa koyamba, koma amagonjetsa mpaka komaliza – mwakachetechete, molimba mtima, ngati mvula ya masika yomwe imapangitsa dziko lonse kukhala lobiriwira.