Taolin Lǜchá · new.thetea.app

Taolin Lǜchá ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa dera lochokera ku mzinda wa Taolin (桃林镇, Táolín Zhèn) m’boma la Linxiang (临湘市, Línxiāng Shì), lomwe lili m’chigawo cha Yueyang (岳阳, Yuèyáng) kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa chigawo cha Hunan (湖南). Dera la Linxiang ndi limodzi mwa maboma 21 apadziko lonse a ku China amene amalimbikitsa kulima tiyi, ndipo mwambo wake wakudziwika kuti ndi wopanga kwambiri tiyi wakuda wa m’malire (边销, biānxiāo), komanso amapanga tiyi wobiriwira wapamwamba kwambiri. Taolin Lǜchá ndi mmodzi mwa oimira sukulu ya Hunan ya tiyi wobiriwira wophikidwa pa wok (炒青绿茶, chǎoqīng) wokhala ndi kununkhira kooneka ngati mtedza wa chestnut (栗香, lì xiāng), kukoma koyera komanso kwatsopano, komanso kuchuluka kwa ma amino acid.

1. Kusankha ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriwira (wosavundika), gawo lake — wophikidwa pa wok (炒青, chǎoqīng).
Gulu: Tiyi wodziwika m’deralo (地方名茶). Linxiang-Taolin ndi amodzi mwa madera akuluakulu opangira tiyi ku Hunan, omwe mwambo wawo umalumikizana ndi “万里茶道” (Wànlǐ Chádào, Msewu Waukulu wa Tiyi). Tiyi wobiriwira wa m’derali wapatsidwa mphoto zingapo za m’chigawo.
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Hunan (湖南, Húnán), mzinda wa Yueyang (岳阳, Yuèyáng), boma la Linxiang (临湘市, Línxiāng Shì), mzinda wa Taolin (桃林镇). Madera ena oyandikana ndi malo olimako tiyi ndi mzinda wa Hengpu (横铺乡) ndi Zhongfang (忠防镇), ndipo malo onse olima tiyi m’derali amapitilira 5,000 mu (kuposa 333 ha) ku Taolin kokha.
Malo ake pa dziko lapansi: Pafupifupi 29.40° N, 113.48° E.

2. Mbiri ndi Chikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Linxiang ndi amodzi mwa maboma akale kwambiri a tiyi ku Hunan, ndipo mbiri yake yagwirizana kwambiri ndi Msewu Waukulu wa Tiyi. Kuyambira nthawi ya Qing (清, 1644–1912), makamaka pa ulamuliro wa Kangxi (康熙), Linxiang idali likulu la kupanga ndi kugulitsa tiyi wa m’malire (边茶): tiyi wa qingzhuan (青砖) ndi fuzhuan (茯砖) ochokera ku Linxiang ankatumizidwa ku Russia ndi Mongolia kudzera pa malo ogulitsa a Nieshizhen (聂市镇) ndi Yanglousi (羊楼司镇) — malo ofunika kwambiri pa “万里茶道”. Mzinda wa Taolin unalandira dzina lake kumayambiriro kwa nthawi ya Ming (明, 1368–1644), pamene kholo la banja la Yu (喻) kuchokera ku Jiangxi anasamuka kuno ndipo anapeza nkhalango yayikulu ya mitengo yamtchire ya pichesi pachilumba chaching’ono cha mtsinje — motero “Taolin” (桃林, “Nkhalango ya Pichesi”). Pa nthawi ya Qing kudakhazikitsidwa udindo wa woyang’anira Taolin (桃林巡检司). Minda ya tiyi ku Taolin inkapereka zipangizo zopangira tiyi wakuda komanso wobiriwira m’derali.

M’zaka za m’ma 1900, tiyi wobiriwira wa Taolin unakula m’magulu angapo: mu 1966 kudayamba kukulitsa minda, mu 1977 pa malo oyandikana otchedwa Baishi (白石) kudayamba kupanga “Baishi Maojian” (白石毛尖), womwe mu 1982 unalowa m’gulu la tiyi asanu ndi atatu odziwika ku Hunan. Taolin Lǜchá monga dzina lodziimira lidakhazikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 2000, pomwe mafakitale a mderali adayamba kulimbikitsa mwadongosolo kukula kwa tiyi wobiriwira wapamwamba wochokera ku masamba a masika, poyang’ana msika wamkati ndi mpikisano ndi tiyi wina wobiriwira wa ku Hunan. Mu 2009 kudayamba nyengo yotulutsa dzina. Tiyiyu wakhala akuwonekera pamisonkhano ya kulawa ndi zionetsero zamderali kangapo.
Dzina: “Taolin” (桃林) — “Nkhalango ya Pichesi” — ndi dzina la mzindawo mbiri yake. “Lǜchá” (绿茶) — tiyi wobiriwira. Kutanthauzira kwathunthu: “Tiyi Wobiriwira wa ku Nkhalango ya Pichesi” — ndi dzina losangalatsa komanso lolongosola bwino malo, logwirizana ndi chithunzi cha “Gwero la Pichesi” (桃花源) kuchokera m’nkhani yotchuka ya Tao Yuanming.
Chikhalidwe: Dera la Linxiang-Taolin lili pamalire a zigawo za Hunan ndi Hubei, pamalire a madera olimako tiyi a “m’nyanja” ndi “m’mapiri”. Chikhalidwe chakumwa tiyi pano chikugwirizana ndi mbiri ya “Msewu wa Tiyi”: kudzera mu midzi ya Taolin ndi Nieshizhen, tiyi ankanenedwa mpaka ku Mtsinje wa Yangtze ndi kupitilira kumpoto. Malo ofunika kwambiri ogulitsa — Nieshizhen (聂市镇) ndi Yanglousi (羊楼司镇) — anali mafakitale a tiyi akulu kwambiri ku Hunan, komwe nyumba zamalonda khumi kuposa khumi zinkagula, kuumba, ndi kutumiza tiyi ku Russia, Mongolia ndi Central Asia. Linxiang imadziwikanso kuti “Likulu la Tiyi ndi Nsatsi” (茶竹之乡). Zikondwerero za pachaka za tiyi za masika ndi mipikisano ya kulawa ku Yueyang ndi zochitika zofunika kwa opanga am’deralo, pomwe Taolin Lǜchá imayimilidwa nthawi zonse limodzi ndi Baishi Maojian ndi tiyi wina wobiriwira wa m’deralo.

3. Kufotokozera Zomera ndi Zopangira:

Mtundu: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
Mtundu wokhudza mbewu / Cultivar: Mbewu za m’deralo zamasamba ang’onoang’ono (群体种, qúntǐ zhǒng), zomwe zasintha kuti zigwirizane ndi nyengo ya sub-tropical kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa Hunan. Mizere imeneyi yosiyanasiyana yasintha kwazaka zambiri posankha mwachilengedwe ndi mwadongosolo mu malo omwe ali “pakati” pakati pa zigwa zam’nyanja ndi mapiri. Minda ina yadzalalidwa ndi mitundu yowonjezeka ya clonal yochokera ku zigawo zoyandikana (Zhejiang, Fujian) kuti ikwaniritse zokolola zambiri komanso kukhazikika kwa mtengo wa katundu. Ngakhale zili choncho, odziwa bwino amakonda tiyi wochokera ku minda yakale yosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kozama komanso kochuluka.
Kutolera: Masika (mapeto a Marichi — pakati pa April) kwa mitundu yapamwamba; chilimwe-m’dima — kwa zambiri. Ku Taolin Lǜchá amagwiritsa ntchito mbewu za masika kwambiri.
Mulingo wa kutolera: Tsinde limodzi ndi masamba amodzi kapena awiri apamwamba (一芽一叶 — 一芽二叶). Kwa mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri — tsinde lokha kapena tsinde ndi tsamba limodzi.
Zofunikira za zipangizo: Zophatikizana, zokololera kumene, zopanda zowonongeka, zofanana kukula. Ziyenera kutengedwa mofulumira ku fakitale kuti zisachite kusintha kwachilengedwe.

4. Malo ndi Makhalidwe Olowera:

Mzinda wa Taolin uli kumpoto kwa Linxiang, paphiri laling’ono ndi mapiri a chidutswa cha mapiri a Mufu (幕阜山脉), pakati pa mapiri a Yaogushan (药姑山) kummawa ndi Nyanja ya Dongting (洞庭湖) kumadzulo. Kuyandikira kwa nyanja yayikulu kwambiri yamadzi abwino ku China kumakhudza kwambiri nyengo: nthunzi za Dongting zimakweza chinyezi cha mpweya ndikuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.

Kutalika kwa kulima: 100–400 m. Minda ya tiyi ili pa mapiri otsetsereka omwe amalola madzi kuyenda bwino.
Nyengo: Sub-tropical monsoon, yotengera kwambiri Nyanja ya Dongting. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka ~16.5 °C. Mvula ya pachaka 1300–1500 mm. Mpweya wochuluka wa masika umapanga kuwala kosabalalika — mkhalidwe wabwino kwambiri kuti ma amino acid achuluke. Nthawi yopanda chisanu ~260 masiku. Chilimwe chimakhala chotentha komanso chonyowa, dzinja limakhala lofatsa — mkhalidwe womwe chitsamba cha tiyi chimakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yokula ndikupeza zinthu zambiri zamkati. Kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa usiku ndi usana m’mapiri n’kukulu kuposa kwa zigwa pafupi ndi nyanja, zomwe zimathandiza kupanga tsamba lonunkhira kwambiri.
Dothi: Dothi lofiira lachikaso la asidi (红黄壤), lomwe limapezeka kwambiri m’mapiri a Hunan. pH 4.5–6.0. Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zamoyo chifukwa cha zomera zambiri. Madzi amayenda bwino mwachilengedwe — chinyezi chochuluka sichimawunjikana.
Njira zaulimi: Ulimi woyang’ana chilengedwe wogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepa. Kuyandikira kwa malo a Msewu Waukulu wa Tiyi kumalimbikitsa chiphaso cha “绿色” ndi “wotetezeka” (无公害) chopanga. Kudulira kwapanthawi ndi kuwongolera mthunzi wachilengedwe ndi njira zofala.

5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:

Taolin Lǜchá ndi wa gulu la tiyi wobiriwira wophikidwa pa wok (炒青绿茶) — gulu limodzi la tekinoloje limene limapanga tiyi otchuka monga Longjing, Maojian ndi ena, omwe njira yaikulu yokonzera ubiriwira ndi kuwotcha pa wok. Tekinoloje imayang’ana kusunga tsopano, kupanga kununkhira koyera kwa chestnut, ndi kupewa kununkhira “kwaiwisi” kwa udzu.

Kutolera (采摘 — cǎizhāi): Kutolera ndi manja m’mawa, nthawi yopanda mvula. Zipangizo zimatengedwa ku fakitale m’midengu ya nsungwi.
Kuyanika pansi (摊晾 — tānliàng): Masamba amayalidwa mochepetsa (3–5 cm) pamthunzi kwa maola 4–8. Tsamba limataya 15–20% ya chinyezi, limakhala lofewa, ndipo limatulutsa kununkhira kwatsopano pang’ono. Amayalidwa kawiri kuti asamangidwe mofanana.
Kuyimitsa ubiriwira (杀青 — shāqīng): Kuwotcha pa wok pa kutentha kwa 160–200 °C kwa mphindi 3–5. Ma enzyme amalephera kugwira ntchito, ndipo maziko a kununkhira kwa chestnut amapangidwa. Njira zonse ziwiri, zochita ndi manja ndi zamakina, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chizindikiro chakuti chakonzeka: tsamba ndi lobiriwira kwambiri, lofewa, pang’ono lomamatira, tsinde silisweka, fungo la “ubiriwira” waiwisi limachoka, ndipo kununkhira kwa tiyi kumamvekera.
Kupota (揉捻 — róuniǎn): Kuphwanya makoma a khungu la maselo mwamakina, kupangitsa mawonekedwe oyamba. Mphindi 10–15 pa chopota kapena ndi manja.
Kukonzanso mawonekedwe (做形 — zuòxíng): Ngati kuli kofunikira — kukonzanso kwina (理条, lǐ tiáo — “kuwongola mizere”). Ku Taolin Lǜchá, mawonekedwe ake nthaŵi zambiri ndi “mzere” wopyapyala wopota (条形), ngakhale kuti mafakitale ena amapanga mitundu yafulati.
Kukausa (烘干 — hōnggān): Kukausa komaliza pa kutentha kwa 80–100 °C mpaka chinyezi chikhale ≤6.5%. Kukhazikitsa kununkhira, kuchotsa ubiriwira watsalira, ndi kulimbikitsa kamvekedwe kachokera ku chestnut ndi kotsekemera. M’mafakitale ena, kukausa kwapawiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito: koyamba pa kutentha kwakukulu (~100 °C) kuti achotse mwamsanga chinyezi chachikulu, kenako kotsiriza (提香, tí xiāng — “kukweza kununkhira”) pa 70–80 °C kuti awonetseni bwinobwino kamvekedwe ka chestnut. Tiyi womaliza ndi wosalala, ndipo ukasinthidwa pakati pa zala umaphwanyika kukhala ufa wosalala, zomwe zikusonyeza mulingo woyenera wa chinyezi.

6. Makhalidwe a Kapangidwe ka Chakumwa:

Maonekedwe a tsamba louma: Mizere yopyapyala, yopota molimba (条索紧结), yofanana kukula. Mtundu wake ndi wobiriwira woderapo wobiriwira wonyezimira pang’ono. Kwa mitundu yapamwamba, pamakhala ubweya woyera wonyezimira pa masamba.
Kununkhira kwa tsamba louma: Kwatsopano, koyera, ndi kununkhira koonekera kwa chestnut ndi mtedza (栗香) — chizindikiro cha derali. Kununkhira kwapambuyo ndi kochepa, kofanana ndi udzu wamaluwa.
Kununkhira kwa chakumwa: Kwakukulu, kowala, kosatha. Nkhani ya chestnut ndi mtedza imakwaniritsidwa ndi kamvekedwe ka katsopano kabiri. Kununkhira sikumatha pa ma infusion okwana 3–4.
Kukoma: Kwatsopano, kofewa komanso “konyowa” (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng). Kutsekemera kumamveka, kumva kuwawa kumakhala kochepa. Thupi lake ndilapakati pang’ono, mawonekedwe ake ndiosalala. Kukoma kotsalira ndi koyera, kotsitsimula, ndi kutsekemera kobwerera (回甘).
Mtundu wa chakumwa: Wobiriwira kapena wachikasu-wobiriwira, wowala, woonekera bwino (绿亮明净).
Pansi pa tiyi (tsamba lophikidwa): Lobiriwira mofewa, lofanana, masamba amatseguka bwino, ndi olimba.

7. Mankhwala Amkati:

Zinthu zotuluka m’madzi zosungunuka: ≥45% (malinga ndi magwero) — chimenechi ndi chizindikiro chapamwamba kuposa ambiri mwa tiyi wobiriwira, kumasonyeza kukoma kochuluka ndi kukhazikika pakumwa kangapo.
Ma amino acid: Ali ochuluka poyerekezera ndi pafupifupi a tiyi wobiriwira m’derali — zotsatira za nyengo ya sub-tropical ya m’nyanja ndi mpweya wochuluka ndi kuwala kosabalalika. L-theanine ndi chigawo chofunika kwambiri chomwe chimapereka kutsekemera ndi kamvekedwe ka umami.
Ma polyphenol (catechin): Ali m’chilinganizo. Aikulu ndi EGCG, ECG. Chiŵerengero cha ma polyphenol ndi ma amino acid ndi chabwino kuti tipeze kukoma kofewa, kotsekemera.
Alkaloid: Caffeine (~2.5–3.5%), theobromine, theophylline — pang’ono.
Mavitamini: C, B₁, B₂, E. Tiyi wobiriwira watsopano wochokera ku mbewu za kumayambiriro kwa masika ndi amodzi mwa magwero abwino kwambiri a vitamini C ochokera ku zomera.
Mchere: Zinc, selenium (zatchulidwa m’magwero), potaziyamu, manganese, fluoride.
Mafuta onunkhira: Kamvekedwe ka chestnut-mtedza ndi udzu-wamaluwa amapangidwa ndi gulu la ma pyrazine, linalool, geraniol ndi zina zosakhazikika.

8. Phindu La Umoyo:

Chitetezo cha antioxidant: Ma catechin ndi vitamini C ndi zotsutsa ma free radicals amphamvu, zoteteza maselo ku kupsinjika kwa oxidative.
Zolimbitsa pang’ono ndi kuthandizira ubongo: Kugwirizana kwa caffeine ndi L-theanine kumapereka mphamvu yokhazikika, kuwongolera kuweruzira ndi kukumbukira popanda nkhawa.
Chitetezo cha mtima: Ma polyphenol a tiyi wobiriwira amathandizira kusungabe mulingo wabwino wa cholesterol ndi kukuluka kwa mitsempha.
Kuthandizira chakudya: Kuphatikizika pang’ono kwa ma enzyme ogayira chakudya, kuwongolera mayendedwe a m’matumbo. Ndi chisankho chabwino kutsata chakudya chofewa.
Chitetezo cha chitetezo : Ma polyphenol amalimbitsa ntchito ya ma virus ndi mabakiteriya ya chitetezo cha mthupi.
Umoyo wa mkamwa: Fluoride ndi ma catechin ali ndi mphamvu yowononga mabakiteriya, amathandizira kupewa matenda a mano.
Kuthandizira umoyo wa khungu: Ma antioxidant a tiyi wobiriwira (EGCG, vitamini C) amathandiza kuteteza khungu ku kukalamba chifukwa cha kuwala ndi kutentha.
Thandizo pakuwongolera thupi: Ma catechin ophatikizika ndi caffeine amathandizira kuthamanga kwa metabolism ndi kutentha kwa mafuta — zotsatira zotsimikizidwa ndi kafukufuku wambiri wa tiyi wobiriwira.

Ndikofunikira kulingalira kukhudzika kwa munthu payekha kwa caffeine. Sikoyenera kumwa tiyi wobiriwira popanda chakudya kwa anthu omwe ali ndi asidi wambiri m’mimba.

9. Kukonzeka:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 75–85 °C. Kwa mitundu yofewa ya kumayambiriro kwa masika — 75–80 °C; kwa tsamba lolimba kwambiri — mpaka 85 °C.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3 g pa 150 ml (gaiwan); 5 g pa 200–250 ml (kapu yagalasi).
Chombo: Gaiwan ya porcelain — kayendetsedwe kolondola ka kuchotsa ndi kuonetsa kununkhira kwa chestnut. Kapu yagalasi kapena botolo — kumwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Kwa kununkhira kofulumira, porcelain ndiyabwino.
Ndondomeko:
1. Tenthetsani chombo ndi madzi otentha ndikutsanulira.
2. Ikani tiyi, gwedezani pang’ono gaiwan kuti mudzutse kununkhira.
3. Kuthira koyamba: 80 °C, kumbali ya chombo, lindirani masekondi 20–30. Kofewa, kwatsopano, kotsekemera pang’ono.
4. Kuthira kwachiwiri ndi kwachitatu: masekondi 30–45. Kununkhira kwathunthu kwa chestnut, kutsekemera kofewa, “kunyowa”.
5. Kuthira kwachinayi ndi kwachisanu ndi chimodzi: masekondi 45–60 mokulira. Kununkhira kumasintha kukhala kofewa, kofanana ndi udzu wamadzi.
6. Mukatekesa mu kapu yaikulu (大杯泡): 2–3 g pa 200 ml, mphindi 1.5–2.5, onjezerani madzi kawiri kapena katatu.

10. Kusunga:

Chitetezo chokhwima ku mpweya, chinyezi, kuwala, kutentha ndi fungo lina.
Njira yabwino: furiji (0–5 °C), mapaketi osindikizidwa a zojambulazo zotchinga omwe alibe mpweya. Musanatsegule, siyani chipinda pa kutentha kwa chipinda kwa mphindi 15–20.
Furiizala (−18 °C) — kusunga kwanthawi yayitali mpaka miyezi 18.
Nthawi yoyenera kumwa: miyezi 6–12 mutatha kupanga. Kununkhira kwake kumakhala kwakukulu miyezi 4–6 yoyambirira.

11. Mtengo ndi Zachinyengo:

Gulu la mitengo: Pakati. Mitundu ya kumayambiriro kwa masika (明前茶, míng qián chá) — yodula kwambiri; yachilimwe-m’dima — yotchipa. Mitengo ndi yotsika kuposa tiyi otchuka a gulu loyamba (Longjing, Xinyang Maojian), zomwe zimapangitsa Taolin Lǜchá kukhala wopatsa chidwi pa mtengo ndi mtengo wake.
Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mtengo: Nyengo yotolera, mulingo wa zipangizo, fakitale yeniyeni, kusintha kwa manja ndi makina.
Momwe mungapewere zachinyengo:
- Zikagulani ku malo odziwika odziwika a m’deralo la Linxiang-Taolin.
- Onetsetsani maonekedwe: kupota kolimba, kofanana; mtundu woyera wobiriwira, wopanda mipingo yofiirira kapena yachikasu.
- Kununkhira kwa chestnut kuyenera kukhala kwachilengedwe, osati kukakamiza — kununkhira kochita kupangidwira kumapereka fungo “lathyathyathya”, lofanana.
- Chakumwa chake chimakhala chowala, chowonekera bwino, chachikasu-wobiriwira, chopanda mvula.
- Mtengo wotsika wokayikira wa “tiyi wapamwamba wa masika” ndi chizindikiro chakusinthanitsa zipangizo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito tsamba la chaka chatha.

12. Zochititsa Chidwi:

Mzinda wa Taolin wadatchulidwa chifukwa cha nkhalango yamtchire ya pichesi yomwe inapezedwa ndi mlendo woyamba Yu Bifeng (喻必峰) kuchokera ku Jiangxi kumayambiriro kwa nthawi ya Ming — izi zimagwirizana ndi chithunzi cholemekezeka cha m’buku cha “Gwero la Pichesi” (桃花源) kuchokera m’nkhani ya Tao Yuanming, yomwe idachitika m’chigawo chomwecho cha Hunan.
Linxiang, komwe kuli Taolin, ndi amodzi mwa malo ofunika kwambiri a m’mbiri ya “Msewu Waukulu wa Tiyi” (万里茶道, Wànlǐ Chádào): kuyambira nthawi ya Kangxi (康熙) tiyi wa kuno ankatumizidwa ku Russia, ndipo zochuluka zake pazaka zabwino zinafika 17,000 matani.
Mzinda woyandikana nawo wa Hengpu (横铺乡) ndi kwawo kwa “Baishi Maojian” (白石毛尖) wotchuka, amene mu 1982 anaphatikizidwa m’gulu la tiyi asanu ndi atatu opambana ku Hunan ndipo anakopa chidwi cha akatswiri a ku Japan: m’zaka za m’ma 1980 gulu lochokera ku Japan linagula 85 kg ya Baishi Maojian kuti akaphunzire.
Linxiang imapanga nthawi yomweyo tiyi wobiriwira ndi wakuda (黑茶) — kuphatikiza kosazolowereka, chifukwa cha malo ake m’mbiri pa mphambano ya miyambo iwiri ya tiyi: wobiriwira wa “m’nyanja” (wa Dongting) ndi wakuda wa “m’malire” (边销).
Taolin ndinso “Mzinda Wothamanga Kwambiri ku China” (中国田径之乡) ndipo ndi likulu la zoyendera: apa pamadutsa misewu yayikulu ya Beijing — Hong Kong — Macau ndi Hangzhou — Ruili, zomwe zimatsimikizira kutumizidwa mwamsanga kwa tiyi watsopano kudera lonse. Mtunda wopita ku siteshoni ya sitima yapamtunda ya Yueyang ndi 20 km, ndipo ku bwalo la ndege la Sanhe ndi 15 km.
Koyambirira kwa zaka za m’ma 1900, Linxiang inali likulu la nyimbo “Tiao dan cha ye shang Beijing” (挑担茶叶上北京, “Tikunyamula tiyi pa goli kupita ku Beijing”) — nyimbo yamwambo ya alimi a tiyi a ku Hunan, yomwe inakhala chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za chikhalidwe cha tiyi m’chigawochi. Mbiri ya nyimboyi inafotokozedwa ndi wolemba mbiri wa m’deralo Liu Xiaoyu (刘晓瑜) m’nkhani yomwe inatulutsidwa mu 2016.

13. Kuyerekezera ndi Tiyi Wina Wobiriwira:

Baishi Maojian (白石毛尖): “Oyandikana nawo” — tiyi wobiriwira wa m’mzinda woyandikana wa Hengpu, mzinda womwewo wa Linxiang. Maonekedwe ake ndi ngati singano (条形), wokhala ndi ubweya woyera wonekera bwino komanso kununkhira “kobiriwira”, kofanana ndi udzu. Taolin Lǜchá ndi wochuluka wa chestnut, woumitsidwa komanso woyera m’kununkhira.
Junshan Yinzhen (君山银针, Jūnshān Yínzhēn): Tiyi wachikasu wotchuka wa Yueyang — ndi gulu losiyana kotheratu (wovundikidwa pang’ono). Ndi wofewa, wokhala ndi kamvekedwe kokamveka ka “uchi” ndi “chimanga”. Taolin Lǜchá ndi wosangalatsa, wobiriwira komanso wamphamvu.
Changsha Lǜchá (长沙绿茶, Chángshā Lǜchá): Tiyi wobiriwira wam’deralo wa m’dera la nyanja ya Dongting — wopota mopyapyala, wokhala ndi ubweya woyera, wofewa ndi wotsekemera. Mbiri yake ndi yofanana ndi Taolin Lǜchá, koma Changsha Lǜchá nthawi zambiri ndiyofewa ndi yofulumira, pomwe Taolin ndi yochuluka pang’ono.
Guzhang Maojian (古丈毛尖, Gǔzhàng Máojiān): Tiyi wobiriwira wotchuka kuchokera kumadzulo kwa Hunan (Xiangxi). Wamapiri, wokhala ndi kamvekedwe kobiriwira, ndi kutsekemera kobwerera kwamphamvu ndi thupi lozama. Guzhang Maojian ndi mmodzi mwa “tiyi wobiriwira wamkulu anayi wa ku Hunan” (pamodzi ndi Huangjincha, Zetancha ndi Shimen Yinfeng). Taolin Lǜchá ndi wofewa komanso wokhala ndi chikhalidwe “cha m’nyanja”, wokhala ndi kamvekedwe kochepetsa, koma mtengo wake ndi wotsika mtengo.
Yueyang Huangcha (岳阳黄茶, Yuèyáng Huángchá): Mtundu wam’deralo wa tiyi wachikasu wa Yueyang, m’gulu lawo muli Junshan Yinzhen ndi Beigang Maojian. Tiyi wachikasu ndi wovundikidwa pang’ono, wofewa komanso “wozungulira”, wokhala ndi kamvekedwe ka uchi-wachimanga. Taolin Lǜchá, monga tiyi wobiriwira wosavundika, ndi watsopano, wowala m’kununkhira komanso wopatsa mphamvu kwambiri.

Pomaliza:

Taolin Lǜchá ndi tiyi wobiriwira wowona mtima, woyera kuchokera m’dera la mbiri yakale la tiyi kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa Hunan, kumene chikhalidwe cha zaka masauzande cha “Msewu wa Tiyi” chimakhalira limodzi ndi nyengo yofewa ya nyanja ya Dongting. Si tiyi woti azipezeka m’maofesi apamwamba — ndi chakumwa cha tsiku ndi tsiku chomwe chimawulula pang’onopang’ono: kununkhira kwa chestnut, kutsekemera kofanana, chakumwa chowonekera bwino ndi kukoma kotsalira kofewa. Mpatseni madzi ofewa ndi kutentha kwapakati — ndipo adzakuyankhani ndi mphindi zingapo za chisangalalo chete, momwe mzimu wa nkhalango ya pichesi, yomwe ili pamphepete mwa nyanja yayikulu, udzaonekera.