Tàishùn Sān Bēi Xiāng

Tàishùn Sān Bēi Xiāng ndi tiyi wobiriŵira wa dera lochokera ku Tàishùn County m’chigawo chakum’mwera kwa Zhejiang Province, wotchuka chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwake: ngakhale mutaphikanso katatu, fungo lake limakhalabe lomveka bwino ndi lodzaza. Mkhalidwe umenewu ndiwo unapereka tiyiyu dzina lake lodziwika bwino.

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:

• Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriŵira (wosaupitsa), wa gulu la chǎoqīng (炒青, chǎoqīng) — njira yokazinga.
• Gulu: Tiyi wodziwika bwino wa dera, wotetezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha malo (geographical indication); ali m’gulu la ‘Wēnlǜ’ (温绿) — tiyi wobiriŵira wa Wenzhou, umodzi mwa magulu atatu akuluakulu a tiyi wobiriŵira ku China.
• Chiyambi: China, Zhejiang Province (浙江, Zhèjiāng), Wenzhou City (温州, Wēnzhōu), Tàishùn County (泰顺, Tàishùn). Dera lotetezedwa likuphatikiza matauni ndi midzi 36 ya m’chigawochi, kuphatikiza Luóyáng (罗阳), Bǎizhàng (百丈), Liǔfēng (柳峰), Sìxī (泗溪), Yǎyáng (雅阳) ndi ena — midzi yonse 205.
• Ma coordinates: 27°17′–27°50′ N, 119°37′–120°15′ E.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:

• Mbiri: Tàishùn County ili kumapiri kum’mwera kwenikweni kwa Zhejiang, kumalire ndi Fujian Province, ndipo ili ndi mbiri yakale ya tiyi. M’chaka chachisanu ndi chimodzi cha ulamuliro wa Chongzhen (明崇祯六年, 1633), mu ‘Tàishùn Xiàn Zhì’ (《泰顺县志》) kunalembedwa kuti: ‘tiyi uli paliponse m’mapiri, koma wabwino kwambiri ndi wa Sìxī ndi Nánqiáo’. M’nthawi ya Qing, tiyi wa m’deralo ‘Huáng Tāng’ (黄汤) ndi ‘Bái Háo Yín Zhēn’ (白毫银针) ankatumizidwa ku nyumba yachifumu monga gòngchá (贡茶). Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa People’s Republic of China, chǎoqīng wa Tàishùn anakhala chopangira chofunikira kwambiri popanga mélchá (眉茶) wotumizidwa kunja, amene ankatumizidwa kudzera pa doko la Shanghai kupita ku mayiko opitirira makumi anayi; chifukwa cha ichi, tiyi wa Tàishùn anapatsidwa dzina loti ‘vetsin ya tiyi wobiriŵira wa Zhejiang’ (浙江绿茶的「味精」 — ‘chokulitsa kukoma’). Mu 1958, woimba nyimbo Zhōu Dàfēng (周大风) analemba nyimbo yotchuka ya ‘Nyimbo Yotolera Tiyi’ (《采茶舞曲》, Cǎichá Wǔqǔ) ku Tàishùn County, yomwe inafalikira m’dziko lonse ndipo mu 2005 inakhazikitsidwa kukhala nyimbo ya chigawocho. Kuyambira m’ma 1980, chǎoqīng wa m’deralo unayamba kugulitsidwa m’dziko pansi pa mtundu wa ‘Sān Bēi Xiāng’ (三杯香). Mu 1996, chigawochi chinachita chikondwerero choyamba cha chikhalidwe cha tiyi, ndipo mu 1999, Tàishùn Tea Association (泰顺县茶业协会) inakhazikitsidwa. Mu 2010, Ministry of Agriculture ya China inapatsa tiyiyu udindo wa malo otetezedwa a ulimi. Mu 2019, mtunduwo unalowa mu ‘Catalogue ya Mitundu ya Ulimi ya China’ (中国农业品牌目录). Mu 2020, Tàishùn Sān Bēi Xiāng anaphatikizidwa pa mndandanda woyamba wa zizindikiro za malo zotetezedwa mogwirizana m’pangano lapakati pa China ndi European Union (中欧地理标志协定, PGI-CN-2737). Mu 2023, njira ya chikhalidwe yopangira tiyiyu inalembedwa pa kaundula wachisanu ndi chimodzi wa zinthu zosagwirika za chikhalidwe cha Zhejiang Province.

• Dzina: Sān Bēi Xiāng (三杯香) limatanthauza kwenikweni ‘fungo la makapu atatu’: chiŵerengero ‘atatu’ (三, sān) pamenepa chikupereka lingaliro la kuchuluka ndi kukhazikika — tiyiyu amaonetsa fungo lake lathunthu ngakhale mutaphikanso katatu ndi kupitirira. Tàishùn (泰顺) ndilo dzina la chigawo chimene amapangidwira.

• Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe: Tàishùn ndi umodzi mwa ‘Makolo a Tiyi a China’ (中国茶叶之乡) ndi ‘Makolo a Tiyi Odziwika a China’ (中国名茶之乡), ndi chigawo chadziko lonse chachikulu chopangira tiyi. Mtunduwo wapambana mphoto zagolide kambirimbiri pa International Tea Culture Festival ndi Zhejiang Green Tea Exhibition. Tiyiyu anasankhidwa kukhala chakumwa chovomerezeka cha Diàoyútái (钓鱼台国宾馆) — State Guesthouse ya China, komanso anayimira China mu DEVNET Pavilion pa Shanghai World Expo 2010. Mu 2022, mtengo wa mtundu wa chigawo unkayerekezedwa kukhala 19.14 biliyoni ya yuan, ndipo tiyiyu anasankhidwa kukhala chakumwa chovomerezeka cha msonkhano wa 15 wa Communist Party ya Zhejiang Province.

3. Kufotokoza kwa Mbawala ndi Zopangira:

• Mtundu: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
• Kachilombokazi / Cultivar: Maziko ake ndi gulu la mbewu za m’deralo za Tàishùn (泰顺本地群体种, Tàishùn běndì qúntǐzhǒng) — gulu losiyanasiyana la mitengo ya masamba ang’ono ndi apakatikati yomwe kwa zaka mazana ambiri yasinthana ndi malo a m’deralo kudzera mu kubzala ndi mbewu (zogonana). Mitengo imeneyi ndi yolimba kwambiri ku chisanu ndi matenda. Kupatula gulu la m’deralo, amagwiritsanso ntchito mitundu yabwino ya masamba ang’ono ndi apakatikati yomwe yasinthidwa kuti igwirizane ndi dera (中小叶优良茶树品种), kuphatikiza Lóngjǐng 43 (龙井43) ndi Wūniú Zǎo (乌牛早), komabe maziko a mtunduwo ndikuthu gulu la chikhalidwe.
• Kutola: Kutola kumayamba m’nyengo ya Qīngmíng (清明, koyambirira kwa April); kutola kwa masika kumatengedwa ngati kopambana, kwa m’dzinja kumakhala pakati, ndipo kwa m’chilimwe kumakhala kosavuta. Kwa magulu apamwamba, amatola m’mbandakucha wa masika (míngqián, 明前).
• Mulingo wotolera: Kuchokera pa katsamba kakang’ono kamodzi ndi tsamba limodzi loyamba kutuluka (一芽一叶初展) mpaka katsamba kakang’ono kamodzi ndi masamba atatu oyamba kutuluka (一芽三叶初展) — kutengera gulu. Kwa magulu ambiri, mulingo ndi katsamba kakang’ono kamodzi ndi masamba aŵiri (一芽二叶).
• Zofunikira pa zopangira: Masamba omwe angotoleredwa kumene amayikidwa m’madengu a nsungwi ndipo amatengedwa mwachangu kupita kumalo opangira kuti akonzedwe nthawi yomweyo; kutentha kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina siziloledwa.

4. Malo (Terroir) ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:

• Kutalika kwa kulima: 150–1620 m pamwamba pa nyanja; malo apamwamba kwambiri ndi phiri la Báiyúnjiān (白云尖, 1611.3 m). Minda ikuluikulu ya tiyi ili pa kutalika kwa 200–800 m, ndipo zopangira zapamwamba zimatoleredwa pamalo opitirira 800 m.
• Nyengo: Yaikulu ya m’madera otentha yokhudzidwa ndi nyanja (亚热带海洋型季风气候). Kutentha kwapakati pachaka ndi 17.8 °C; mvula yapakati pachaka ndi 1991.7 mm; maola a dzuŵa ndi 1759.2 pachaka; masiku opanda chisanu ndi 242. Kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku n’kukulu, zomwe zimathandiza kukulitsa fungo ndi ma amino acids.
• Mkhalidwe wa nyengo ya m’dera: Chinyezi chapakati pachaka cha mlengalenga ndi 83%; chifunga ndi mitambo pafupipafupi (‘mapiri asanu ndi anayi mwa khumi ndi ophimbidwa ndi mitambo’); ubwino wa mpweya umakwaniritsa mulingo woyamba wa dziko lonse wa GB 3095.
• Dothi: Lofala kwambiri ndi dothi lofiira ndi lachikasu-bulauni (红壤、黄棕壤) lokhala ndi organic matter 1.0–4.33%, pH 4.5–6.5. Mwala woyambira ndi ziphalaphala za nthawi ya Jurassic ndi miyala ya nthawi ya Cretaceous. Dothi ndi lotayirira, lotulutsa madzi bwino, ndi zidutswa za quartz.
• Ulimi: Tàishùn ndi Chigawo Chachitetezo cha Ecological cha Dziko Lonse (国家级生态示范区) chokhala ndi nkhalango yokwanira 75.6%. Minda ya tiyi imayendetsedwa motsatira mfundo za ulimi wachilengedwe: manyowa achilengedwe, njira zophatikizira zolimbana ndi tizirombo (njira zachilengedwe, zakuthupi, ndi zaulimi), kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizirombo pang’ono pokhapokha malinga ndi NY/T 5018. Pofika m’chaka cha 2009, dera la minda ya tiyi linali 6.5 万 mu (pafupifupi mahekitala 4333), ndipo pachaka kunkatulutsidwa matani opitirira 3000.

5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:

Ukadaulo wopangira umayang’ana pakupanga ‘fungo lalikulu lokhazikika ndi kukoma kothina, kosalala’ (香高味醇，经久耐泡) kwake. Njira yaikulu yothetsera makutidwe ndi okazinga (炒青, chǎoqīng); magawo omaliza akuphatikiza kukazinga ndi kuumitsa. Kuzungulira kwathunthu kumayendetsedwa ndi muyezo wa DB3303/T35.5.

• Kuyala ndi kufowoketsa msanga (摊青 — tānqīng): Zopangira zatsopano zimayalidwa mwa kanjira kakang’ono m’chipinda chopumira mpweya kuti zitaye chinyezi pang’ono, kufanana kwa tsamba, ndi kuyamba kupangidwa kwa zinthu zoyambitsa fungo.
• Kutha makutidwe (杀青 — shāqīng): Gawo lalikulu ndikukazinga mu poto yachitsulo yopendekeka (斜锅). Popanga ndi manja, katswiri amagwiritsa ntchito tsache la nsungwi la tiyi (竹丝帚, zhúsī zhǒu) la kukula kosiyanasiyana: lalikulu — pa tsamba lolimba, laling’ono — pa tsamba lofewa. Mayendedwe amaphatikiza kuponya mmwamba ndi kuvundikira (抖闷结合), zomwe zimatsimikizira kutha kofanana kwa makutidwe popanda fungo la udzu wosaphika.
• Kufinya (揉捻 — róuniǎn): Kutulutsa madzi a m’selo, kupangitsa mawonekedwe oyamba a tsamba ndi kukhazikitsa maziko a kutuluka bwino kwa kukoma pophika.
• Kuumitsa gawo lachiŵiri (烘二青 — hōng èrqīng): Kuumitsa kwapakatikati, kumachepetsa chinyezi asanakonzedwe mopitirira.
• Kukazinga kachitatu (三青 — sānqīng / 炒三青): Gawo lowonjezera la kupangitsa mawonekedwe ndi kukulitsa fungo pa kutentha kwapakatikati; dzina ‘katatu’ mu ndondomeko ya ukadaulo limagwirizana ndi dzina lenilenilo la tiyiyu.
• Huīguō — kukazinga komaliza mu poto (煇锅 — huīguō): Gawo lomaliza la kupangitsa mawonekedwe ndi kupereka fungo: katswiri amapangitsa tsamba kukhala loyenera ndikukhazikitsa fungo la mtedza wa chestnut pamoto woyendetsedwa bwino.
• Kusanja máochá (毛茶整理 — máochá zhěnglǐ): Chopangidwa chopangidwa kale chimasanjidwa m’magulu, kuchotsa zosayenera, ndi kulongedza.

Pakupanga kwa makina, amagwiritsa ntchito makina okazinga tiyi (炒茶机) ndi makina oumitsira (烘干机), komabe ndondomeko ya magawo imasungidwa.

6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:

• Maonekedwe a tsamba louma: Alusi ofinyidwa bwino, osalala (细紧苗秀), ofanana kukula, ndi ubweya wooneka bwino pa nsonga (毫锋显露). Mtundu — wobiriŵira kwambiri ngati emerald wonyezimira (色泽翠绿).
• Fungo la tsamba louma: Loyera, latsopano, ndi fungo la chestnut lomveka bwino (栗香, lìxiāng), lomwe limadziwika ndi tiyi wabwino wa chǎoqīng. M’magulu apamwamba pamakhala fungo losalala la maluwa.
• Fungo la mankhwala: Lalikulu, lokhazikika (高香持久), limatseguka ndi fungo la chestnut kusintha kukhala kutsekemera kosalala. Ndiko kutha kwa fungo kukhalabe m’maphikidwe angapo komwe kumatsimikizira kudziwika kwa mtunduwo.
• Kukoma: Kothina, kwatsopano ndi kwa madzi (滋味鲜爽丰厚), ndi kutsekemera kooneka bwino komanso kamva konga mafuta. Kuwawa ndi kukwiya kumakhala kochepa ngati aphikidwa moyenera. Kudziwa ‘kukulira’ kwa kukoma (味厚) ndi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi.
• Mtundu wa mankhwala: Wobiriŵira kwambiri ngati emerald, woonekera bwino ndi wonyezimira (汤色绿艳明亮).
• Tsamba lophika (pansi): Lobiriŵira mofewa, latsopano ndi lamoyo (叶底嫩绿鲜活), lofanana, ndi alusi osungidwa bwino.

7. Zomwe Zilipo M’thupi (Chemical Composition):

• Polyphenols (茶多酚): Kuchuluka kwapakati pa tiyi wobiriŵira wa mtundu wa chǎoqīng; catechins (EGCG, EGC, ECG) ndiwo amagwira ntchito yaikulu, kupereka mphamvu yolimbana ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo (antioxidant). Kukhazikika kwakukulu pophika mobwerezabwereza kukusonyeza kuti pali kuyanjana koyenera pakati pa polyphenols ndi mapuloteni.
• Amino Acids (氨基酸): Malinga ndi magwero, kuchuluka kwa ma amino acid (makamaka L-theanine) mu tiyi wa Tàishùn n’kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi avareji ya tiyi wobiriŵira wa Zhejiang. Theanine ndiyo imayambitsa kutsekemera kwake kwapadera ndi kumva kwatsopano (鲜).
• Alkaloids: Caffeine (caffeine, theobromine, theophylline) ilipo m’miyeso yofanana ndi ya tiyi wobiriŵira (pafupifupi 20–35 mg/g a caffeine). Kugwirizana kwa caffeine ndi theanine kumapereka mphamvu yofatsa yolimbitsa thupi popanda chisangalalo choopsa.
• Zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi (水浸出物): Osachepera 37% — ndi chisonyezo chachikulu, chomwe chimalongosola ‘kukulira’ kwa kukoma ndi kutha kwa tiyiyu kupirira maphikidwe ambiri.
• Mafuta ofunikira ndi zopangira fungo: Fungo la chestnut (栗香) limapangidwa pa kukazinga kudzera mu zochitika za Maillard ndi kusandutsa shuga kukhala caramel; zina mwa zinthu zazikulu ndi pyrazines, furfural, linalool.
• Mavitamini: C, B₁, B₂, E, K — mu miyeso yofanana ndi ya tiyi wosapitsidwa.
• Mchere: Potaziyamu, magnesiyamu, manganese, zinc, fluoride, selenium (kuchuluka kwa tinthu ting’onoting’ono kumadalira malo enieniwo).
• Zina malinga ndi muyezo wa DB3303/T35.6: Chinyezi cha tsamba louma ≤ 6.5%, kuchuluka kwa ulusi wosaphika ≤ 14.5%, phulusa ≤ 6.5%.

8. Ubwino Wathanzi:

• Kupatsa mphamvu: Kuphatikiza kwa caffeine ndi L-theanine kumapereka kukweza kwabwino, kosalekeza kwa chidwi ndi kumveka bwino kwa malingaliro popanda kuchepa kwadzidzidzi komwe kumadza ndi khofi pakatha ola limodzi kapena aŵiri.
• Kulimbana ndi kuwonongeka kwa maselo (antioxidant): Ma catechins (makamaka EGCG) amachotsa ma free radicals, kuthandiza chitetezo cha maselo a thupi.
• Kuthandiza chigayo: Ma polyphenols amalimbikitsa ntchito ya m’mimba, ali ndi mphamvu yochepetsera mabakiteriya pang’ono.
• Mkhalidwe wa mtima ndi mitsempha: Kumwa tiyi wobiriŵira pafupipafupi kumalumikizidwa ndi ubwino pa mlingo wa cholesterol ndi kusinthasintha kwa mitsempha.
• Chitetezo cha thupi: Vitamini C ndi ma polyphenols amathandizira kulimbitsa mphamvu zoteteza thupi.
• Kagayidwe kachakudya: Tiyi wobiriŵira angathandize kagayidwe kachakudya kabwino ndikulimbikitsa kuwongolera kulemera kwa thupi.
• Ntchito za ubongo: Theanine imathandizira kayendedwe ka ubongo ka alpha, kulimbikitsa mkhalidwe wa kukhazikika mtima pansi ndi chidwi.
• Ziyenera kuganiziridwa kukhudzidwa kwa munthu payekha ndi caffeine; sikoyenera kumwa m’mimba mopanda kanthu chifukwa cha ma tannins omwe angakhumudwitse m’mimba.

9. Kuphika:

• Kutentha kwa madzi: 80–85 °C. Zopangira zosakhwima kwambiri (magulu apadera) zimalola 75–80 °C; madzi otentha kwambiri amawononga chlorophyll, ndipo mankhwala amakhala achikasu.
• Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3 g pa 150 ml (chiŵerengero 1:50) pa njira ya kapu; 5–7 g pa 150–200 ml pa gàiŵǎn kapena tiyapot.
• Zida: Kapu yagalasi (玻璃杯) — njira yachikale ya tiyi wa Tàishùn: imalola kuona ‘kuvina’ kwa alusi. Gàiŵǎn ya porcelaini (盖碗) kapena tiyapot ya porcelaini ndi yoyenera pakuphika koyendetsedwa bwino.
• Ndondomeko:
  1. Tenthetsani chida ndi madzi otentha ndi kuwathira.
  2. Ikani tiyi.
  3. Kuphika koyamba — masekondi 30, kenako thirani ndikumwa.
  4. Kuphika kwachiŵiri mpaka kwachinayi — wonjezerani nthawi ndi masekondi 10–15 ndi kuphika kulikonse.
  5. Tiyiyu amapirira maphikidwe abwino 4–6 (ndi njira ya gōngfū) kapena maphikidwe athunthu 2–3 mu kapu.
  6. Ndi njira ya ku Ulaya: kukhamira kwa mphindi 2–3; ngati kuwawa — chepetsani kutentha kapena chepetsani kuchuluka kwa masamba.

10. Kusunga:

• Sungani mu chotengera chosadutsa mpweya, chosadutsa kuwala (chitsulo cha aluminiyamu, kuyika m’vakuyumu, chitini chotsekedwa bwino), kuteteza ku kuwala, chinyezi, fungo lachilendo ndi kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.
• Kutentha koyenera kosungira ndi 0–5 °C (firiji) ndi kusindikizidwa mwamphamvu. Musanatsegule, phukusi liyenera kufikitsira kutentha kwa chipinda kuti tipewe kusanduka kwa nthunzi kukhala madzi.
• Tiyi watsopano akulimbikitsidwa kusiyidwa kwa masiku pafupifupi 15 pambuyo popangidwa kuti fungo la ‘moto’ lithe (褪火气).
• Sān Bēi Xiāng ndi wabwino kwambiri m’miyezi yoyamba 6–12 itapangidwa. Pakapita nthawi, fungo la chestnut limachepa, kutsitsimuka kwa kukoma kumatsika.

11. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga:

• Mtengo umasiyanasiyana: kuchokera ku magulu opezeka osavuta a tsiku ndi tsiku (pafupifupi 50–100 yuan pa 250 g) mpaka ku magulu apamwamba a kumayambiriro kwa masika a gulu loyamba (kupitirira 800 yuan pa 500 g). Zifukwa zazikulu za mtengo ndi nyengo yotolera (míngqián ndi yǔqián ndi okwera mtengo), gulu (mulingo wa alusi), kutalika kwa kulima ndi mbiri ya wopanga.
• Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:
  • Gulani kwa ogulitsa odalirika okhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo (农产品地理标志) ndi chizindikiro cha Tàishùn Tea Association.
  • Onani maonekedwe: Sān Bēi Xiāng weniweni amakhala ndi alusi olimba, ofanana, ofinyidwa bwino a mtundu wa emerald komanso ubweya wooneka bwino.
  • Yesani fungo: fungo lodziwika la chestnut liyenera kukhala loyera, popanda fungo lowonjezera kapena lotentha.
  • Yesani mankhwala: obiriŵira owala, owonekera, ndi kukoma koonekera komwe kumasungidwa pakaphikidwe katatu.
  • Chenjerani ngati tiyiyu ndi wotsika mtengo mokayikitsa kapena akugulitsidwa pansi pa mtundu wa ‘Sān Bēi Xiāng’ popanda kutchula wopanga ndi nambala ya gulu.

12. Zinthu Zochititsa Chidwi:

• Nyimbo yotchuka ya ‘Kutola Tiyi’ (《采茶舞曲》), yomwe inakhala chizindikiro china cha chikhalidwe cha tiyi ku China komanso nyimbo yovomerezeka ya Tàishùn County, inalimbikitsidwa ndendende ndi malo a tiyi a m’deralo — woimba nyimbo Zhōu Dàfēng anayilemba mu 1958 paulendo wake wopanga ku Dōngxī Town (东溪).
• Kwa nthawi yayitali, chǎoqīng wa Tàishùn anali ‘ngwazi yosaoneka’ ya makampani a tiyi: kwa zaka makumi ambiri, ankagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera chosafunikira pa mélchá wotumizidwa kunja, ndipo ankatchedwa ‘vetsin’ (味精, ‘glutamate’) wa tiyi wobiriŵira wa Zhejiang — chifukwa amakulitsa kukoma kwa mtundu uliwonse wosakaniza.
• Kuyambira 2020, Tàishùn Sān Bēi Xiāng ali pa mndandanda wa zizindikiro za malo zotetezedwa mogwirizana ndi China ndi European Union (PGI-CN-2737), zomwe zimamupanga kukhala mmodzi mwa tiyi ochepa obiriŵira a m’zigawo za Zhejiang omwe ali ndi udindo walamulo padziko lonse.
• Gulu la mbewu za m’deralo (群体种) limabzalidwa ndi mbewu (有性繁殖) kwa zaka mazana angapo, ndikupangitsa kusiyanasiyana kwa ma genetic komwe sikupezeka m’minda yotsatsira (clonal) — chitsamba chilichonse chimasiyana pang’ono ndi china, zomwe zimakulitsa kukoma kosiyanasiyana.
• Pambuyo poti mu 2022 Sān Bēi Xiāng anasankhidwa kukhala tiyi wovomerezeka wa msonkhano wa 15 wa Communist Party ya Zhejiang Province, kugulitsa kwa mtunduwo kunakwera ndi 172% m’mwezi umodzi.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wina Wobiriŵira:

• Ānjí Báichá (安吉白茶, Ānjí Báichá): Tiyi wobiriŵira wa Zhejiang, koma wochokera ku kachilombokazi ka Bái Yè Yī Hào — ali ndi ma amino acid ochuluka ndi kamvekedwe kake kofewa kwambiri ka umami. Sān Bēi Xiāng ndi wakuthina kwambiri ndipo ali ndi fungo la chestnut loonekera, lomwe siliri lachilendo kwa Ānjí.
• Zhèjiāng Sōngzhēn (浙江松针, Zhèjiāng Sōngzhēn): Tiyi wobiriŵira wooneka ngati singano za paini wochokera ku Zhejiang. Ndi wopepuka, wokhala ndi fungo la udzu ndi singano; Sān Bēi Xiāng amamuphula pa kukhazikika kwa fungo pophika mobwerezabwereza.
• Xìnyáng Máojiān (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máojiān): Chǎoqīng wotchuka wa Henan wokhala ndi ubweya wandiweyani ndi fungo latsopano. Onsewa ndi tiyi wobiriŵira wokazingidwa, komabe Máojiān amadziwika ndi kukwiya kwake ndi mawonekedwe ‘akuthwa’, pamene Sān Bēi Xiāng ndi wosalala komanso wokoma.
• Láoshān Lǜchá (崂山绿茶, Láoshān Lǜchá): Tiyi wobiriŵira wa kumpoto kwa Shandong wokhala ndi kukoma kofanana ‘ndi nyemba’. Sān Bēi Xiāng ali ndi khalidwe la kum’mwera, fungo la maluwa ndi chestnut, komanso kukhazikika kwabwino m’maphikidwe.

Pomaliza:

Tàishùn Sān Bēi Xiāng ndi umodzi mwa tiyi amene safuna kugometsa pakumwa koyamba, koma amatengera kukhazikika ndi kuzama. Fungo lake la chestnut, kukoma kothina kwatsopano, ndi kukhazikika kwake kosowa kwa tiyi wobiriŵira pophika mobwerezabwereza zimamupanga kukhala mnzake wabwino wa kumwa tiyi tsiku ndi tsiku — wodalirika, wosasintha, ndi wosangalatsa nthawi zonse. Kumbuyo kwake kuli zaka mazana ambiri za chikhalidwe cha m’mapiri, mapiri a kum’mwera kwa Zhejiang opanda kuipitsidwa, ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa ma genetic a minda yakale ya magulu a mbewu, yomwe chaka ndi chaka ikucheperachepera. Tiyiyu safuna miyambo yapadera — kapu yosavuta yagalasi yokhala ndi madzi ofewa pa 80–85 °C idzaulula makhalidwe ake onse. Apatseni maphikidwe atatu — ndipo mudzamvetsa chifukwa chake ali ndi dzina limeneli.