Tayiwan Qiyun Namba 23 · new.thetea.app

Tayiwan Qiyun Namba 23 ndi tiyi wofiyira watsopano kwambiri wa ku Tayiwan wokhala ndi masamba ang’onoang’ono, mbadwa yachindunji ya tiyi wodziwika bwino wa ku China Qimen Hong Cha (祁門紅茶). Fungo lake lachilengedwe, lodabwitsa kumene limafanana ndi fungo la bergamot, limapangika kokha chifukwa cha majini a mtundu wa tiyiyu ndi malo ake – popanda kuwonjezera zonunkhiritsa zina. Khalidwe limeneli linam’patira dzina losavomerezeka loti “Earl Grey wachilengedwe” ndipo kutchuka kwake kukukulirakulira mwachangu pakati pa okonda tiyi wapadera (specialty tea).

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tiyi wofiyira (紅茶, hóngchá). Tiyi wophikidwa mokwanira (okisayidi). M’magulu a Kumadzulo – tiyi wakuda (black tea).
Gulu: Tiyi wofiyira wosankhidwa wapamwamba wa ku Tayiwan, wamasamba ang’onoang’ono. Ndi wa mndandanda wa mitundu yobzalidwa yotchedwa “Taicha” (臺茶, Táichá), yopangidwa ndi Tayiwan Stesheni Yofufuza ndi Kufalitsa Tiyi ndi Zakumwa (茶及飲料作物改良場, Chá jí yǐnliào zuòwù gǎiliáng chǎng, TRES). Tiyi wamba wosakaniza.
Chiyambi: Tayiwan (臺灣, Táiwān), m’chigawo cha Nantou (南投縣, Nántóu Xiàn), m’tawuni ya Mingjian (名間鄉, Míngjiān Xiāng). Mtundu wabzalowu unapangidwa ndi nthambi ya TRES – nthambi ya Yuchi (魚池分場, Yúchí fēnchǎng).
Malo a Jeogarafi: pafupifupi 23°50’ kumpoto, 120°41’ kummawa (dera la Mingjian).

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo Lachikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Mzere wa majini a Qiyun umayambira ku 1938 (chaka cha 27 cha ulamuliro wa Showa), pamene Profesa Ryō Yamamoto (山本亮, Yamamoto Ryō), amene ankagwira ntchito ku Tayipei Imperial University (臺北帝國大學), anabweretsa kuchokera m’chigawo cha Anhui (安徽省) mbewu za mitengo ya tiyi zochokera m’dera lodziwika bwino la tiyi lotchedwa Qimen (祁門). Mbewu zinaperekedwa ku Dipatimenti Yoyesera Tiyi Wofiyira ya Yuchi (魚池紅茶試驗支所) ku Central Research Institute ya Boma Lalikulu la Tayiwan – malo amene kenako anakhala nthambi ya Yuchi ya TRES yamakono. Kwa zaka zambiri, mbewuzi zinasinthidwa ndi kusankhidwa m’minda. Mu 2001–2002 (zaka za 90–91 za Minguo), kuchokera m’mbadwa za mbewu za Qimen, chitsanzo chodalirika chinasankhidwa, chotchedwa “Qiban 1” (祁辦1). Mu 2015–2017 (zaka za 104–106 za Minguo), mayeso oyerekeza ndi mtundu woyendetsera Qing Xin Wulong (青心烏龍, Qīngxīn Wūlóng) – mtundu waukulu wa ku Tayiwan wodziwika kwambiri – anachitika, kusonyeza ubwino waukulu wa chitsanzo chatsopanocho pa kuchita bwino ndi khalidwe la tiyi wofiyira. Mtundu wabzalowu unalembetsedwa mwalamulo mu 2017 (chaka cha 106 cha Minguo) ndi nambala TTES Namba 23. M’mwezi wa Meyi 2019, pa chikondwerero cha zaka 116 za TRES, panachitika kuvota kwa dzina la malonda: pakati pa mayina anayi – “Hong Yue” (紅悅), “Qi Yu” (祁玉), “Qi Yun” (祁韻) ndi “Hong Qi” (紅祁) – dzina la “Qi Yun” linapambana.
Dzina: “Qi Yun” (祁韻) limapangidwa ndi zilembo ziwiri: “Qi” (祁) – kuloza mwachindunji ku Qimen (祁門), kwawo kwa mbewu zoyambirira, lomwe ndi limodzi mwa dzina lamtengo wapatali la tiyi ku China; “Yun” (韻) – “chithumwa”, “nyimbo”, “kukometsera pambuyo” – lingaliro lofanana ndi “nyimbo ya tiyi” (茶韻, cháyùn), kufotokoza kuzama ndi kumveka kwa kakomedwe ndi fungo. Motero, “Qi Yun” angatanthauzidwe kuti “Chithumwa cha Qimen” kapena “Nyimbo ya Qimen”. Nambala “23” (23號, 23 Hào) imasonyeza nambala yolembesa mu kalembera wa mitundu ya TRES.
Tanthauzo lachikhalidwe: Kubwera kwa Qiyun Namba 23 kunali gawo lofunika kwambiri mu ndondomeko yosiyanitsa ulimi wa tiyi wa ku Tayiwan. Ngati Taicha Namba 18 Hong Yu (紅玉) ikuimira mtundu wa masamba aakulu, obadwira ku Assam, Qiyun ikuimira mwambo wa masamba ang’onoang’ono, wochokera ku Qimen – umodzi mwa tiyi wofiyira watatu waukulu koposa padziko lonse. Tiyiyu adalandiridwa bwino pamsika wapadziko lonse wa tiyi wapadera, kutsimikizira kutchuka kwa Tayiwan monga likulu la nzeru zatsopano pa tiyi, lotsogola osati kokha mu ulong, komanso kulenga tiyi wofiyira wapadziko lonse lapansi. Mtundu wabzalowu umasonyezanso luso losinthasintha kwakukulu: kuwonjezera pa tiyi wofiyira, kuchokera ku zokolola zake amapanganso bwino tiyi woyera ndi GABA ulong.

3. Kufotokoza kwa Zomera ndi Zokolola:

Mtundu / Kultivari: TTES Namba 23 (Qiyun, 祁韻). Wochokera ku mbewu za mtengo umodzi wa tiyi wa Qimen, womwe unabweretsedwa ku Tayiwan mu 1938. Mitundu ya masamba ang’onoang’ono (Camellia sinensis var. sinensis). Chitsamba chaching’ono chapakati (樹姿中間型, shùzī zhōngjiān xíng), chokhala ndi nthawi yoyambirira yacha (早生種, zǎoshēng zhǒng). Mphamvu zamoyo ndi zamphamvu, kuchulukana kwa mphukira ndi kwakukulu, zomwe zimabweretsa zokolola zambiri pa malo ochepa. Masamba okhwima ali ndi mawonekedwe aatali ozungulira, kutalika 8–10 cm, m’lifupi 3–4 cm, pamasamba pamakhala popindika pang’ono. Mphukira ndi mphukira zazing’ono m’nyengo ya masika zimakhala zachikasu-mtundu wobiriwira ndi kachitsotso ka kufiyira, ndipo m’mikhalidwe ina zingasinthe kukhala zofiirira pang’ono, zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi chikoka chotheka cha ma jini a mitundu yakuthengo ya tiyi ya ku Tayiwan (Camellia formosensis). Mphukira zimakutidwa ndi ubweya wowoneka (茸毛, róngmáo). Mtundu wabzalowu uli ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi matenda komanso kulimba ndi chilala.
Kukolola: Kudzuka kwa masika kwa mphukira kumatsogola Qing Xin Wulong ndi pafupifupi masabata awiri – m’malo a Nantou kukolola koyamba kumatheka kumayambiriro kwa Epulo. Pofuna kupanga tiyi wofiyira wapamwamba kwambiri, amagwiritsa ntchito zokolola za m’nyengo yotentha: mphukira ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu apamwamba (一芽二三葉, yī yá èr sān yè). Mtundu wabzalowu ndi woyenera kupanga tiyi wofiyira wanunkhira bwino chaka chonse (一年四季均可產製高香型紅茶).
Zofunikira pa zokolola: Kukolola ndi manja n’koyenera kuti tisawonongeke tinthu tating’ono. Amagwiritsa ntchito mphukira zathanzi, zosawonongeka, zokololedwa pa nthawi yoyenera ya msinkhu, pamene kusakanikirana kwa mankhwala onunkhira ndi makatikini kuli koyenera kwambiri.

4. Malo ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:

Dera: Tawuni ya Mingjian (名間鄉, Míngjiān Xiāng), m’chigawo cha Nantou – ndilo dera lalikulu kwambiri la ulimi wa tiyi ku Tayiwan, lomwe kale linkachita ulong ndi tiyi wobiriwira. Kupita patsogolo kwa mtundu wabzalowu wodziwika bwino wa tiyi wofiyira m’derali kumatsegula mwayi watsopano pamsika kwa alimi a komweko ndipo kumawalola kuti apange zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuposa ulong wamba. Kuwonjezera pa Mingjian, mtundu wabzalowu umalimidwanso m’madera ozungulira Yuchi (魚池鄉) ndi madera ena a Nantou.
Mtunda wa Kumwamba: 300–350 metres pamwamba pa nyanja. Uwu ndi wotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ma ulong a m’mapiri a Alishan kapena Lishan, zomwe zimachepetsa mtengo wopangira ndi kupangitsa Qiyun kukhala yosavuta kupeza.
Dothi: Dothi lofiyira-lofiirira la laterite (紅壤, hóng rǎng) lokhala ndi makina abwino a madzi. Mphamvu ya asidi yochepa (pH 4.5–5.5) imakomera mtengo wa tiyi.
Nyengo: Ya subtropiki, yokhala ndi mvula yokwanira (pafupifupi 1800–2000 mm pachaka) ndi kutentha. Kutentha kwapachaka pafupifupi +20–22°C. Mtunda wapakati umalola nyengo yayitali yakukula kwa zomera komanso kuchuluka kwa zokolola.
Makhalidwe: Alimi ambiri a ku Mingjian amagwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsera mwachilengedwe: kupalira ndi manja, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala achirendedwe, kukana mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komabe si onse amene ali ndi chiphaso chovomerezeka cha organic. Kuphatikizika kwa mitengo ya masamba ang’onoang’ono a Qiyun kumaloleza kulima mowirikiza kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu yamba ya ulong, zomwe zimaonjezera zokolola pa hekitala.

5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:

Ukadaulo umafanana ndi kupanga tiyi wofiyira wachikale (工夫紅茶, gōngfu hóngchá), wosinthidwa kuti ugwirizane ndi zokolola za masamba ang’onoang’ono a Qiyun. Masamba ang’onoang’ono amafunikira kusamalidwa mwaluso kwambiri pa magawo a kuphonyora ndi okisayidi.

Kufowoketsa (萎凋, wěidiāo): Masamba atangokololedwa amayalidwa kuti achotse chinyezi chochuluka. Kumatheka kuphatikiza kufowoketsa ndi dzuwa ndi mthunzi. Masamba amasiya kukhala olimba, amakhala ofewa komanso osavuta kuwasintha. Pa nthawi imeneyi pamayamba kupangika mawonekedwe onunkhira a maluwa ndi zipatso.
Kuphonyora (揉捻, róuniǎn): Masamba ofowoka amaphonyoledwa ndi makina kapena manja. Kuphwanyika kwa makhoma a maselo kumatulutsa madzi a m’maselo ndi kulumikiza mapolifenolo ndi ma enzymes a okisayidi. Masamba ang’onoang’ono a Qiyun amaphonyoledwa kukhala mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena opindika.
Okisayidi / Kupesa (發酵, fājiào): Mapolifenolo amasandulika mokwanira m’mikhalidwe yoyendetsedwa ya kutentha ndi chinyezi. Pa nthawi imeneyi pamapangika fungo la citrus ndi maluwa, lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha kuchulukana kwa limonene ndi linalool oxide – mankhwala osakhalitsa, omwe amadziwika kale m’majini a mtundu wochokera ku Qimen.
Kuumitsa (烘乾, hōnggān): Kutentha komaliza koyimitsa okisayidi ndi kukhazikitsa chinyezi. Opanga ena amagwiritsa ntchito zowumitsira za infrared, zomwe zimatentha mofanana ndi kusunga bwino mankhwala osakhalitsa onunkhira – makamaka limonene ndi linalool oxide, omwe amapanga fungo lodziwika bwino la bergamot. Kuumitsa kwachikale ndi mpweya wotentha nakonso kumaloledwa, koma kungathe kutaya pang’ono mankhwala osakhalitsa osakhwima kwambiri. Chinyezi chomaliza cha tiyi womalizidwa ndi chosapyola 5%.
Kusanja (分級, fēnjí): Pambuyo poumitsa, amasanja ndi manja kapena makina kuchotsa matsinde, masamba osakwanira bwino, ndi kulinganiza kukula kwake. Mitolo yosankhidwa yokhala ndi timphukira tambiri tooneka ndi golide imakhala yamtengo wapatali kwambiri.

6. Makhalidwe a Kakomedwe ndi Fungo:

Maonekedwe a masamba owuma: Masamba ang’onoang’ono, ophinyidwa molimba, amtundu wakuda wa bulauni, pafupifupi wakuda, owoneka ngati timatambala tozungulira kapena timizere topindika. Kupezeka kwa timphukira ta siliva-golide (tips) kumapangitsa kuti tiyiyu akhale ndi mawonekedwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Fungo la masamba owuma: Lamphamvu, lovuta, la magawo ambiri. Fungo lalikulu la lalanje wotenthedwa ndi chokoleti chakuda limasakanikirana ndi fungo la malt ndi fungo laling’ono la mitengo. Akatenthedwa, fungo la citrus limamvekera kwambiri.
Fungo la tiyi: Lowala, lotsekemera, ndi fungo lalikulu la citrus, lodabwitsa kumene limafanana ndi bergamot (khungwa la bergamot, mafuta a bergamot). Fungo la “bergamot” lachilengedweli ndi chizindikiro cha Qiyun, chomwe chimapezeka popanda kuwonjezera zonunkhiritsa zina. Kuwonjezera apo, pamakhala fungo la uchi ndi la maluwa, ndipo kumbuyo kwake – fungo la zokometsera.
Kakomedwe: Kolemera, kodzaza, koma kofewa ndi komata. Kutsekemera kwa uchi kumayanjanitsidwa bwino ndi kacheza ka malt ndi katsitsidwe ka citrus kotsitsimula. Kakomedwe ka pambuyo ndi kotentha, konga mtedza wa nutmeg kapena sinamoni, kwautali ndi kosaiwalika. Mukaphika moyenera, tiyiyu alibe kuwawa kulikonse.
Mtundu wa tiyi: Wowala, wooneka bwino, wamtundu wakuda wa ambere-lalanje kapena wofiyira wa mkuwa ndi kunyezimira koonekera. Kufotokoza kwa TRES kumalongosola tiyiyu kukhala “wofiirira-lalanje, wokongola kwambiri ndi wowala bwino” (水色橙紅艷麗明亮, shuǐsè chénghóng yànlì míngliàng).
Tiyi pansi (masamba ophikidwa): Masamba ang’onoang’ono, osalimba, amtundu wakuda wa bulauni, ofanana kukula kwake, osweka akaphikidwa kambiri.

7. Zomwe Zili M’kati mwa Mankhwala:

Kuwonjezera pa zomanga thupi zochokera mwachilengedwe zopezeka mu tiyi wofiyira, Qiyun Namba 23 imasiyanitsidwa ndi khalidwe lapadera la mankhwala osakhalitsa onunkhira, obadwa nawo kuchokera kwa makolo a ku Qimen.

Mapolifenolo: Makatikini m’kupita kwa okisayidi amasandulika kukhala matheaflavini (0.3–1.5%) ndi mathearubijini (5–11%), omwe amatsimikizira kuwala kwa tiyi, kamangidwe kake ka kakomedwe ndi mphamvu yake ya antioxidant.
Maamino asidi: L-theanine – ndi amino asidi wofunika wa tiyi, wopereka mphamvu yofewetsa yopumula ndi gawo la “kotsekemera” la kakomedwe. Kuyanjana kwa L-theanine ndi caffeine kumapanga mkhalidwe wa “kupumula komasuka” wodziwika ndi tiyi wofiyira wapamwamba.
Maalkaloids: Kafeini (theine), kuchuluka kwake kosiyana ndi tiyi wofiyira wamasamba ang’onoang’ono – pafupifupi 25–40 mg pa gramu ya chinthu chowuma. Theobromine ndi theophylline m’kuchuluka kochepa.
Mankhwala osakhalitsa onunkhira: Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri za Qiyun. Kuchulukana kwa limonene (fungo la citrus) ndi linalool oxide (fungo la maluwa, la bergamot) kumachititsa fungo la “bergamot” lachilengedwe. Zikuganiziridwa kuti pali mawonekedwe apadera a terpenes omwe amapanga fungo limenelo kokha chifukwa cha majini a mtundu wabzalowu ndi malo ake, popanda kuwonjezera zokometsera.
Mavitamini: Mavitamini a gulu la B (B₁, B₂), vitamini C (amatsala pang’ono), vitamini E.
Mchere: Potaziyamu, maganiziyamu, manganizi, zinki, fulayini.

8. Ubwino Wathanzi:

Mphamvu yolimbitsa ndi yolunjika maganizo: Kafeini pamodzi ndi L-theanine zimapereka kudzuka kwapang’onopang’ono ndi chidwi popanda kuda nkhawa kapena kusakhazikika.
Chitetezo cha antioxidant: Matheaflavini ndi mathearubijini ndi ma antioxidant amphamvu, amachepetsa kupsinjika kwa okisayidi ndi kuteteza maselo ku kuwonongeka ndi ma free radical.
Kuthandiza kugaya chakudya: Kumwa tiyi wofiyira mochepa kumalimbikitsa kutuluka kwa timadzi tothandiza kugaya ndi kumathandiza kugaya chakudya bwino.
Thanzi la mtima ndi mitsempha: Mapolifenolo a tiyi wofiyira amathandiza kuti mitsempha ikhale yolimba ndipo angathe kukhala ndi chiyambukiro chabwino pa mlingo wa mafuta m’magazi.
Kutenthetsa thupi: Tiyi wofiyira amadziwika kuti ndi chakumwa “chotentha” (溫性, wēnxìng) m’maphunziro a zakudya a Kummaŵa kwa Asia.
Kukhudza kwa malingaliro: Fungo lapadera la citrus ndi maluwa la Qiyun lingathe kupereka mphamvu yopumula ndi yokweza mtsogolo – mphamvu ya aromatherapy, yowonjezera pa chiyambukiro chakuthupi cha tiyi.
Kuwongolera kuganiza: Kuyanjana kwa kafeini ndi L-theanine kumathandiza kukumbukira ndi kuika maganizo pa chinthu chimodzi.
Kuthana ndi tizilombo: Mapolifenolo a tiyi wofiyira ali ndi mphamvu yochepetsera tizilombo, yomwe imathandiza ukhondo wa mkamwa ndi thanzi la mkamwa.
Mkhalidwe wa khungu: Mphamvu ya antioxidant ya mapolifenolo a tiyi wofiyira ingathe kuteteza khungu ku ukalamba woyambirira wokhudzana ndi kupsinjika kwa okisayidi.

9. Kuphika Tiyi:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 90–95°C. Zokolola za masamba ang’onoang’ono zimakhala zosavuta kutenthedwa – madzi otentha kwambiri angawonjezere kuwawa ndi kubisa mankhwala onunkhira ofewa.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:
- Njira ya kuphika mobwerezabwereza (功夫茶, gōngfū chá): 5–7 g pa 100–150 ml mu gaiwan kapena teapot.
- Njira ya ku Europe (kuphika nthawi imodzi): 3–5 g pa 150–200 ml madzi.
Chombo: Gaiwan (蓋碗, gàiwǎn) yadothi kapena ya galasi ndi yabwino kwambiri kutulutsira fungo la citrus ndi maluwa ndi kuwona mtundu wowala wa tiyi. Teapot yadothi wamba ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, koma ingafowoketse pang’ono kuwala kwa fungo.
Ndondomeko (njira yobwerezabwereza):
1. Tenthetsa chombo ndi madzi otentha, tsani madzi.
2. Ikani tiyi, valani chivindikiro, ndipo musiyeni “adzuke” kwa masekondi 10–15.
3. Kutsuka: tsanulani madzi ndikuwatsana nthawi yomweyo (kudzutsa masamba).
4. Kuphika koyamba: siyani kwa masekondi 15–20.
5. Kuphika kwachiwiri mpaka kwachinayi: masekondi 15–25.
6. Kuphika kopitilira apo: onjezani nthawi ndi masekondi 5–10.
7. Tiyiyu amapirira kuphika 5–7, kutulutsa mbali zosiyanasiyana za fungo – kuyambira ndi za citrus pachiyambi mpaka ku zonunkhira ndi uchi pamapeto.
Chenjezo: Mukaphika ndi njira ya ku Europe, siyani kwa mphindi 3–5. Kumatheka kuphikanso kamodzi kapena kawiri.

10. Kasungidwe:

Qiyun Namba 23 ndi tiyi wofiyira wokhwima, wosafunikira kusungidwa mufiriji. Kuti asungidwe mwatsopano komanso fungo lapadera la citrus ndi bergamot, zotsatirazi n’zoyenera:

Chotengera: Chotengera chotseka bwino, chosaoneka mkati (chitini, botolo la ceramic, thumba la vacuum).
Kutentha: Kutentha kwapakompyuta, kosasintha (15–25°C), popanda kusintha kwakukulu.
Chinyezi: Posapitirira 60%.
Kuwala: Tetezani ku kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Fungo: Sungani kutali ndi zakudya zonunkhira kwambiri – tiyi amatenga fungo lachilendo mosavuta, zomwe zingasokoneze fungo lake lachilengedwe la citrus.
Nthawi yosungira: Ngati zasungidwa bwino – zaka 2–3. Ndi bwino kumwa m’chaka choyamba pambuyo popanga, pamene mankhwala onunkhira osakhalitsa akadalipo kwambiri.

11. Mtengo ndi Zachinyengo:

Mlingo wamtengo: Qiyun Namba 23 ndi wa gulu la tiyi wofiyira wapamwamba wa ku Tayiwan, ngakhale kuti chiyambi chake chosakhala cha m’mapiri ndiponso kuchuluka kwa zokolola za mtundu wabzalowu kumapangitsa kuti akhale wotsika mtengo pang’ono poyerekeza ndi Hong Yu Namba 18. Pa msika wapadziko lonse wa tiyi wapadera, mitengo imakhala kuyambira 10–20 USD pa 50 g. Mtengo umadalira nyengo yokolola (yotentha imakhala yamtengo wapatali), njira yopangira ndi mbiri ya mlimi weniweni.
Momwe mungapewere zachinyengo:
- Gulani kwa ogulitsa odziwika omwe ali ndi ubale wachindunji ndi alimi a ku Tayiwan.
- Onetsetsani kuti mwatulidwa mtundu wa kultivari TTES Namba 23 ndi dera lopangira (Mingjian, Nantou).
- Yesani fungo: fungo lachilengedwe la bergamot-citrus ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha chowonadi. Zonunkhiritsa zopangira nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi fungo losazama, laling’ono.
- Yang’anani maonekedwe: masamba ang’onoang’ono, ophinyidwa molimba okhala ndi timphukira, osati masamba aakulu osweka kapena zinyalala.
- Chenjerani ndi mitengo yotsika kwambiri: chifukwa chatsopano komanso kuchuluka kochepa kwa zomwe amapanga, Qiyun yotsika mtengo ndi yachinyengo mwina.

12. Mfundo Zochititsa Chidwi:

“Earl Grey Wachilengedwe”: chimodzi mwa zinthu zodabwitsa kwambiri za Qiyun Namba 23 ndi fungo lake lachilengedwe, lofanana ndi bergamot, lomwe limapangidwa kokha ndi majini ndi malo ake. Izi zimam’pangitsa kukhala tiyi wofiyira yekhayo wodziwika padziko lapansi amene amatulutsa mwachilengedwe fungo lofanana ndi la tiyi wonunkhiritsidwa.
Ulendo wochokera ku mbewu mpaka kulembetsa mwalamulo unatenga zaka 80: mbewu zinabweretsedwa ku Qimen mu 1938, ndipo mtundu wabzalowu unalandira nambala mu 2017–2018 kokha. Iyi ndi imodzi mwa nthawi zazitali kwambiri za “kuchokera kumunda mpaka pamsika” m’mbiri ya kusankha kwa tiyi padziko lonse.
Mtundu wabzawo wa Qiyun umasonyeza luso losinthasintha: kuchokera ku zomera zomwezo, amapangidwa bwino tiyi wofiyira, tiyi woyera (wokhala ndi fungo lofewa la maluwa ndi lonunkhira la muscat) ndi GABA ulong (wokhala ndi “kutsekemera kwa GABA”). Uku ndi kusinthasintha kosowa kwa mtundu wabzalowu.
Dzina la malonda “Qi Yun” (祁韻) linasankhidwa mwa kuvota pagulu pa chikondwerero cha zaka 116 za TRES – ndondomeko ya demokalase, yosazolowereka pocha mitundu yaulimi.
Mawonekedwe a fungo la masamba okhwima a Qiyun amaphatikiza fungo la mitengo ndi kachitsotso kakang’ono ka tangerine, koma akagwiritsa ntchito mphukira zazing’ono popanga tiyi woyera, pali fungo lina: apulo la Fuji, tulip, maula wobiriwira, uchi wamaluwa ndipo ngakhale maluwa a violet.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi tiyi wina wofiyira wa ku Tayiwan:

Taicha Namba 18 Hong Yu (臺茶18號紅玉, Táichá 18 Hào Hóngyù): Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa masamba aakulu wa Assam ndi Camellia ya kuthengo ya ku Tayiwan. Ngati Qiyun ndi chisomo ndi kukhazikika kwa citrus, ndiye kuti Hong Yu ndi mphamvu ndi kutsitsimula kwa menthol. Hong Yu ali ndi thupi lolimba, fungo lamphamvu la timbewu tonunkhira ndi sinamoni, ndiponso kawawidwe. Qiyun ndi yofewa, yonunkhira kwambiri komanso yotsika mtengo.
Taicha Namba 21 Hong Yun (臺茶21號紅韻, Táichá 21 Hào Hóngyùn): Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa Qimen ndi India. Amadziwika ndi fungo lamphamvu la maluwa ndi zipatso ndi fungo la maluwa a citrus (fungo la khungwa la tangerine). Ali ndi khalidwe la “kotentha” kwambiri kuposa Qiyun, ndipo fungo la citrus ndi lomvekera kwambiri. Qiyun ali pafupi ndi mawonekedwe achikale a Qimen – omwe ndi osakhazikika, onunkhira bwino komanso ozama.
Qimen Hong Cha (祁門紅茶, Qímén Hóngchá): Kholo lake lachindunji la ma jini. Qimen wachikale ali ndi “fungo la Qimen” lodziwika bwino (祁門香, Qímén xiāng) – mawonekedwe onunkhira ovuta okhala ndi maluwa a orchid, uchi ndi zipatso zouma, zomwe zinam’patsa malo pakati pa tiyi wofiyira atatu aakulu padziko lonse pamodzi ndi Darjeeling wa ku India ndi Uva wa ku Sri Lanka. Qiyun anatenga gawo la mawonekedwe awa, koma malo a ku Tayiwan anasuntha kutsogolako ku fungo la citrus-bergamot, kulenga mtundu wapadera waku Tayiwan wa mwambo wa Qimen. Potengera kakomedwe, Qiyun imafanana ndi tiyi wofiyira wa ku Sri Lanka pa mankhwala apamwamba, koma ndi kuzama kwake kwapadera, kobadwa kuchokera kwa kholo la Qimen.

Pomaliza:

Tayiwan Qiyun Namba 23 ndi tiyi wokhala ndi tsogolo lodabwitsa: mbewu zobweretsedwa kuchokera ku Anhui m’nthawi ya atsamunda, zinapeza mawonekedwe atsopano pa nthaka ya Tayiwan. Zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu za kusintha, kusankha ndi kuyang’ana mwachidwi zinasandutsa mbadwa ya Qimen Hong Cha wamkulu kukhala mtundu wodziyimira pawokha, wodziwika bwino, wokhala ndi fungo lachilengedwe la bergamot lomwe silikupezeka mu tiyi wina wofiyira padziko lonse. Qiyun ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri kwa okonda tiyi wofiyira wonunkhira bwino, amene amayamikira zachilengedwe komanso zosiyanasiyana. Ndi wabwino ngati kuyamba kudziwana ndi tiyi wofiyira wa ku Tayiwan ndiponso ngati chinthu chofunidwa ndi katswiri wodziwa zambiri amene watopa ndi zolosera: uwu ndi tiyi wodabwitsa. Kwa iwo amene amakonda Earl Grey, koma amafuna kuyesa chinthu chofanana popanda zokometsera zopangira, Qiyun Namba 23 idzakhala chivumbulutso chenicheni – umboni wakuti chilengedwe chimatha kupanga mawonekedwe onunkhira omwe munthu angayesetse kutsanzira.