Tiyi Wopangidwa ndi Manja · new.thetea.app

Shou Gong Cha ndi dzina lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza tiyi wopangidwa ndi manja, mosiyana ndi tiyi wopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina. Mawuwa akutsindika za njira zachikhalidwe zopangira tiyi zomwe zimaperekedwa kuchokera ku m’badwo kupita ku m’badwo ndipo zimayamikiridwa chifukwa cha luso lawo, chidwi chawo pa tsatanetsatane, ndi makhalidwe apadera omwe ntchito ya manja imabweretsa ku chinthu chomaliza.

Makhalidwe akuluakulu a tiyi wopangidwa ndi manja:

Luso ndi Miyambo: Kupanga Shou Gong Cha kumakhazikika pa chidziwitso chozama ndi zaka zambiri za akatswiri a tiyi. Maluso ndi luso la miyambo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zinsinsi za mabanja ndipo zimaperekedwa kuchokera ku m’badwo kupita ku m’badwo, zimatenga gawo lalikulu.
Chidwi pa Tsatanetsatane: Pa gawo lirilonse la kupanga tiyi wopangidwa ndi manja, chidwi chapadera chimaperekedwa. Kusankha masamba a tiyi, kuwongolera kutentha ndi chinyezi pa nthawi ya kunyentchera, kukolola, kuwira (oxidation) ndi kuumitsa - ntchito zonse zimachitidwa mwanzeru komanso ndi kumvetsetsa mwachilengedwe kwa katswiri.
Kudzipatula: Popeza ntchito ya manja imaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri zosintha, kuphatikiza nyengo, makhalidwe a tsamba la tiyi ndi tsatanetsatane wa luso la wopanga aliyense, gulu lirilonse la Shou Gong Cha likhoza kukhala ndi makhalidwe apadera a kukoma, fungo ndi maonekedwe.
Ubwino: Nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti ntchito ya manja imalola kupanga tiyi wa ubwino wapamwamba. Akatswiri amatha kusankha ndi kukonza masamba abwino kwambiri mosamalitsa, kuwongolera ndondomeko molondola komanso kusintha malinga ndi mikhalidwe ndi zipangizo.
Ntchito yochuluka komanso Mtengo: Kupanga tiyi wopangidwa ndi manja ndi ntchito yochuluka kwambiri ndipo imatenga nthawi yayitali kuposa kupanga ndi makina. Izi nthawi zambiri zimawonekera pa mtengo wokwera wa Shou Gong Cha.

Magulu a kupanga Shou Gong Cha (ntchito ya manja):

Ngakhale magulu enieni amatha kusiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa tiyi (wobiriwira, woyera, oolong, wakuda, ndi zina) ndi dera lomwe amapangidwira, awa ndi magulu wamba a kupanga tiyi wopangidwa ndi manja:

Kutola Masamba a Tiyi (采摘 - Cǎizhāi):
- Kutola ndi manja ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya Shou Gong Cha. Akatswiri amasankha mitundu ina yokha ya masamba ndi masamba, nthawi zambiri motsogozedwa ndi “miyezo ya kutola”, mwachitsanzo, “tsamba limodzi ndi masamba awiri” kapena “tsamba limodzi ndi masamba atatu”.
- Kutola ndi manja kumalola kusankha masamba abwino okha omwe ali pachimake chakucha, kupewa masamba owonongeka kapena osayenera.
Kunyentchera (萎凋 - Wěidiāo):
- Masamba amayalidwa mosanjikiza pang’ono pa ma tray a nsungwi kapena nsalu ndikusiyidwa kuti anyentchere padzuwa kapena pamthunzi.
- Pa nthawi ya kunyentchera, masamba amataya chinyezi ndipo amakhala osinthika, kukonzekera kukonzedwanso. Popanga ndi manja, akatswiri amawunika mosalekeza momwe kunyentchera kumayendera, kumva masamba ndikusintha mikhalidwe malinga ndi nyengo ndi mtundu wa tiyi.
Kuswa/Kukolola (揉捻 - Róuniǎn):
- Gawo ili ndilofunika kwambiri kwa ma oolong, tiyi wakuda ndi mitundu ina ya tiyi wobiriwira. Masamba amaswedwa ndi kukololedwa ndi manja.
- Mwamwambo izi zimachitika ndi manja, pogudubuza masamba pa mphasa za nsungwi kapena m’madengu. Kuswa kumawononga kapangidwe ka ma cell a tsamba, kutulutsa timadziti ndi ma enzyme omwe amathandizira kuphika (kuwira). Mulingo ndi mtundu wa kukolola zimakhudza maonekedwe a tiyi ndi liwiro la kukoma kwake pakuwiritsa.
Kuwira/Kuwotcha (发酵 - Fājiào) (kwa wakuda ndi oolong):
- Kwa tiyi wakuda ndi mitundu ina ya oolong, masamba amawira pambuyo poswedwa. Amawayalidwa pamalo ozizira ndi achinyezi, kulola ma enzyme kuti agwirizane ndi mpweya.
- Akatswiri amawongolera kutentha, chinyezi ndi nthawi ya kuwira kuti akwaniritse mulingo womwe ukufunidwa wa kuwotcha, womwe umatsimikizira mtundu, fungo ndi kukoma kwa tiyi. Popanga ndi manja, kuwongolera uku kumachitika potengera chidziwitso ndi kumvetsetsa mwachilengedwe.
Kukhazikitsa (杀青 - Shāqīng) (kwa tiyi wobiriwira):
- Kwa tiyi wobiriwira, pofuna kutsekereza kuwira, masamba amawotchedwa, nthawi zambiri ndi kutentha. Mwamwambo izi zimachitika m’mitsuko ya manja (ma wok akulu) pamoto woyaka.
- Katswiri amavundula masamba mosalekeza mumtsuko, pogwiritsa ntchito manja kuti atenthedwe mofanana ndikusiya njira za enzyme, kuteteza mtundu wobiriwira ndi kukoma kwatsopano.
Kuumitsa (干燥 - Gānzào):
- Pambuyo pokhazikitsa kapena kuwira, masamba amawumitsidwa kuti achepetse chinyezi ndi kukhazikitsa kukoma ndi fungo. Mwamwambo kuumitsa kunkachitikanso padzuwa, m’ng’anjo kapena pa makala.
- Popanga ndi manja, akatswiri amawunika mosamala momwe kuumitsa kumayendera kuti apewe kuwumitsa mopitirira muyeso kapena kusawumitsa bwino, zomwe zingawononge ubwino wa tiyi.
Kusanja ndi Kuyika M’maphukusi (分级与包装 - Fēnjí yǔ bāozhuāng):
- Pambuyo poumitsa, tiyi amathanso kusanjidwa ndi manja, kuti achotse matsinde kapena masamba abwino. Kenako tiyi amayikidwa m’maphukusi.
- Kwa Shou Gong Cha, kuyika m’maphukusi nawonso nthawi zambiri kumachitika ndi manja ndipo kungatsindike mwambo ndi luso la manja la chinthucho.

Mitundu ya tiyi yomwe nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi manja:

Mitundu yambiri ya tiyi imatha kupangidwa ndi manja komanso ndi makina. Komabe, mitundu ina ya tiyi imayamikiridwa kwambiri ngati yapangidwa ndi manja, ndipo m’mbiri inali yopangidwa ndi manja. Izi zikuphatikiza:

Tiyi wa ku China:
- Tiyi wobiriwira: Mitundu yambiri yodziwika ya tiyi wobiriwira, monga Lóng Jǐng (龙井), Bìluóchūn (碧螺春), Huáng Shān Máo Fēng (黄山毛峰), nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mitundu yapamwamba yopangidwa ndi manja.
- Oolong: Ma oolong ambiri otchuka, makamaka oolong a miyala ya Wǔyí (武夷岩茶) ndi oolong a ku Taiwan, mwamwambo amapangidwa ndi manja kuti akwaniritse kukoma kovuta ndi fungo.
- Tiyi woyera: Zowongoka zasiliva (银针) ndi White Peony (白牡丹) za ubwino wapamwamba nthawi zambiri zimatoledwa ndi kukonzedwa ndi manja.
- Tiyi wachikasu: Tiyi wachikasu wosowa, monga Jūn Shān Yín Zhēn (君山银针), pafupifupi nthawi zonse amapangidwa ndi manja chifukwa cha kusakhwima kwa ndondomeko.
- Tiyi wakuda: Mitundu ina ya tiyi wakuda waku China, monga Diān Hóng (滇红), imathanso kukhala ndi mitundu yopangidwa ndi manja.
Tiyi wa ku Japan:
- Gyokuro (玉露): Gyokuro wapamwamba nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi manja, makamaka pa gawo la kukolola masamba.
- Kabusecha (かぶせ茶): Mitundu ina ya Kabusecha imathanso kupangidwa ndi manja.
Tiyi wa ku India:
- Darjeeling: Ma oolong ena a kumapiri ndi tiyi wakuda wa Darjeeling, makamaka oyamba kutola (first flush), amayamikiridwa chifukwa cha ntchito ya manja.

Ubwino wa Shou Gong Cha (tiyi wopangidwa ndi manja):

Ubwino Wapamwamba (nthawi zambiri): Ntchito ya manja imalola kusankha mwatcheru ndi kukonza masamba abwino kwambiri, kuwongolera ndondomeko molondola komanso kusintha malinga ndi mikhalidwe. Izi zingapangitse tiyi kukhala wabwino kwambiri, wokhala ndi kukoma kovuta komanso kosiyanasiyana komanso fungo.
Kudzipatula ndi Kudzisiyanitsa: Gulu lirilonse la Shou Gong Cha limakhala ndi chizindikiro cha luso la wopanga weniweni ndi mikhalidwe ya kupanga, kupangitsa gulu lirilonse kukhala lapadera.
Kusunga Miyambo: Shou Gong Cha imathandizira kusunga njira zachikhalidwe zopangira tiyi, zomwe ndi gawo lofunika la cholowa cha chikhalidwe cha madera ambiri a tiyi.
Kukoma Kwakuya ndi Fungo: Okonda kwambiri amakhulupirira kuti tiyi wopangidwa ndi manja amakhala ndi kukoma kwakuya, kolemera komanso kophatikizana komanso fungo poyerekeza ndi tiyi wopangidwa mochuluka.

Zoyipa za Shou Gong Cha (tiyi wopangidwa ndi manja):

Mtengo Wokwera: Kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya kupanga ndi manja kumapangitsa Shou Gong Cha kukhala wokwera mtengo kuposa tiyi wopangidwa ndi makina.
Kupezeka Kochepa: Kupanga Shou Gong Cha kumakhala ndi malire ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya manja, choncho angakhale osapezeka mosavuta kuposa tiyi wopangidwa mochuluka.
Kusakhazikika (nthawi zina): Ngakhale kudzipatula kumayamikiridwa, nthawi zina ntchito ya manja ingayambitse kusakhazikika pakati pa magulu, mosiyana ndi kupanga kwa makina komwe kumakhala kokhazikika.

Momwe mungazindikire Shou Gong Cha:

Mtengo: Nthawi zambiri Shou Gong Cha amawononga ndalama zambiri kuposa tiyi wofananayo wopangidwa ndi makina.
Maonekedwe: Nthawi zambiri (koma osati nthawi zonse) Shou Gong Cha akhoza kukhala ndi maonekedwe “osalingana” kapena “achilengedwe” kuposa tiyi wa makina woyenera bwino. Mwachitsanzo, kukolola kungakhale kosafanana, koma ichi sichizindikiro chotsimikizika.
Zambiri Kuchokera kwa Wogulitsa/Wopanga: Njira yodalirika kwambiri ndi zambiri kuchokera kwa wogulitsa kapena wopanga. Yang’anani malongosoledwe omwe akutsindika “ntchito ya manja” (手工, Shou Gong, Handmade). Ogulitsa odalirika omwe amagwira ntchito ndi tiyi wabwino nthawi zambiri amatchula ngati tiyi adapangidwa ndi manja.
Kulawa: Chidziwitso ndi kulawa zingathandize kusiyanitsa Shou Gong Cha. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kukoma kovuta komanso kolemera.

Kumene mungagule Shou Gong Cha:

Masitolo Apadera a Tiyi: M’masitolo omwe amagulitsa tiyi wabwino, makamaka waku China, Japan kapena India, nthawi zambiri mungapeze Shou Gong Cha.
Masitolo a pa Intaneti: Masitolo ambiri a pa intaneti omwe amagulitsa tiyi amapereka Shou Gong Cha. Ndikofunika kusankha ogulitsa odalirika.
Mafamu a Tiyi ndi Opanga: Mafamu ena a tiyi ndi opanga amagulitsa zinthu zawo mwachindunji, nthawi zambiri amapereka Shou Gong Cha.
Ziwonetsero ndi Zikondwerero za Tiyi: Pa ziwonetsero ndi zikondwerero za tiyi mungapeze opanga ndi ogulitsa Shou Gong Cha.

Mapeto:

Shou Gong Cha si tiyi chabe, ndi luso ndi mwambo. Ndi chinthu cha luso, kudekha ndi ulemu wozama kwa tsamba la tiyi. Ngakhale angakhale okwera mtengo komanso osapezeka mosavuta, kwa okonda tiyi ambiri kukoma kwapadera, fungo ndi mbiri yomwe ili kumbuyo kwa kapu iliyonse ya Shou Gong Cha, zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yamtengo wapatali. Ngati mukufuna kulowa m’dziko la tiyi ndi kuyamikira luso la kupanga mwamwambo, Shou Gong Cha ndi chisankho chabwino.

12. Zinthu Zochititsa Chidwi: Tiyi wokwera mtengo kwambiri padziko lonse - Dà Hóng Páo wochokera ku tchire la amayi kumapiri a Wǔyí - amapangidwa ndi manja okha ndipo amawononga ndalama zoposa madola 1 miliyoni pa kilogalamu. Ku Japan kuli akatswiri - “chuma chamoyo cha dziko”, omwe luso lawo popanga tiyi limadziwika pa mlingo wa boma. Maluso ena opangira tiyi ndi manja amasungidwa mwachinsinsi ndipo amaperekedwa m’banja lokha. Kuti apange 1 kg ya tiyi wokonzeka wapamwamba, mpaka 80,000 za kutola ndi manja za masamba zingafunike. M’China yachifumu kunali atsikana apadera otola omwe amatola tiyi atavala magolovesi a silika okha, kuti asawononge masamba osakhwima. Kafukufuku wamakono asayansi amatsimikizira kuti kugwedezeka kwa manja a katswiri pa nthawi ya kukolola kumakhudza kapangidwe ka ma cell a tsamba la tiyi, ndikupanga kukoma kwapadera.

Pomaliza: Shou Gong Cha akuyimira pamwamba pa luso la tiyi, pomwe tsamba lililonse limadutsa m’manja mwa katswiri, limatenga chidziwitso chake, kumvetsetsa kwake ndi chikondi chake pa ntchito yake. Ichi si chakumwa chabe, koma cholowa cha chikhalidwe, chomwe chimaphatikiza miyambo ya zaka masauzande ndi nzeru za mgwirizano pakati pa munthu ndi chilengedwe. M’nthawi ya kupanga kochuluka ndi kukhazikika, tiyi wopangidwa ndi manja amatikumbutsa za kufunika kwa luso la munthu payekha, kudekha ndi chidwi pa tsatanetsatane.

Posankha Shou Gong Cha, sitimangogula chinthu chapamwamba chabe - timathandizira kusunga chidziwitso chapadera ndi miyambo yomwe ingasowe pofunafuna kuchita bwino komanso phindu. Kapu iliyonse ya tiyi wotere ndi mwayi wokhudza mbiri yamoyo, kumva kulumikizana ndi akatswiri akale ndi amakono, ndi kukumana ndi chisangalalo chenicheni cha chakumwa chopangidwa ndi moyo ndi luso.

11. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga: Mtengo wa Shou Gong Cha ndi wokwera kwambiri kuposa wofanana ndi makina - kuchokera pa madola 50 mpaka 5,000 pa kilogalamu malinga ndi kusowa ndi ubwino. Mitundu yapamwamba (Dà Hóng Páo wochokera ku miyala ya Wǔyí, Xī Hú Lóng Jǐng weniweni) imatha kuwononga ndalama zoposa madola 10,000 pa kilogalamu. Mtengo wokwera umakopa ogulitsa osakhulupirika. Zonyenga zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo: tiyi wa makina wonenedwa ngati wa manja; tiyi wochokera kumadera ena pansi pa mayina odziwika; kuchita zaka mwachinyengo; kuwonjezera zonunkhiritsa. Zizindikiro za chowonadi: kusafanana kwa masamba, kuwala kwachilengedwe popanda kupukutidwa mopitirira muyeso, fungo lovuta lachilengedwe popanda mawu a mankhwala, ziphaso zochokera kwa opanga odalirika. Ndikoyenera kugula kuchokera kwa ogulitsa apadera omwe ali ndi mbiri yabwino komanso mwayi wolawa.

10. Kusunga: Kusunga moyenera ndikofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi ubwino wa Shou Gong Cha. Kutentha kwabwino ndi 15-20°C, chinyezi 50-60%. Tiyi ayenera kusungidwa mu zotengera zopanda mpweya za malata, zadothi kapena pepala lolimba, lotetezedwa ku kuwala ndi fungo lachilendo. Tiyi wobiriwira ndi wachikasu amasungidwa bwino mufiriji m’thumba lopanda mpweya, kutulutsidwa mphindi 30 asanawiritse. Ma oolong ndi tiyi wofiira amasungidwa pa kutentha kwa chipinda. Ma pu-erh amafunikira mpweya wozungulira ndipo amatha kusungidwa m’mapukutu a pepala. Nthawi yosungira: wobiriwira ndi wachikasu - zaka 1-2, woyera - zaka 2-3 (ena amapita patsogolo ndi zaka), oolong - zaka 2-5, wofiira - zaka 2-3. Ndikofunika kupewa kutsegula pafupipafupi phukusi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito tiyi mkati mwa miyezi 2-3 mutatsegula.

9. Kuphika: Kuphika Shou Gong Cha kumafuna chidwi chapadera pa tsatanetsatane. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofewa (mchere 50-150 mg/l), makamaka a kasupe kapena osefedwa. Kutentha kumasiyana: 70-80°C kwa wobiriwira ndi wachikasu, 80-90°C kwa woyera, 85-95°C kwa oolong, 90-95°C kwa wofiira. Ziwiya zabwino ndi za dongo la Yixing, zadothi zokongola kapena magalasi. Mulingo wa tiyi ku madzi: 3-5 g pa 150 ml pa njira ya gongfu cha, 2-3 g pa 200-250 ml pa kalembedwe ka kumadzulo. Nthawi yowiritsa kwa gongfu cha: kuwiritsa koyamba masekondi 10-20 ndikuwonjezeka kwa masekondi 5-10 pakuwiritsa kulikonse kotsatira. Shou Gong Cha nthawi zambiri amatha kuwiritsidwa 6-12. Ndikofunika kutenthetsa ziwiya ndikuchita kutsuka masamba mwachangu (masekondi 5) kuti awadzutse.

8. Ubwino Wathanzi: Shou Gong Cha ali ndi ubwino wowonjezera chifukwa chosunga bwino mankhwala achilengedwe. Ntchito ya antioxidant ndi 20-30% yapamwamba kuposa tiyi wa makina, zomwe zimapereka chitetezo chabwino ku ma free radicals. Kuchuluka kwa theanine kumathandizira kusintha kwa chidwi ndi kuchepetsa kupsinjika popanda nkhawa, zomwe zimadziwika ndi khofi. Ma polyphenols amathandizira thanzi la mtima ndi mitsempha, kuchepetsa mlingo wa cholesterol ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi. Kumwa nthawi zonse kumathandizira kusintha kwa metabolism ndipo kungathandize pakuwongolera kulemera. Katundu wotsutsa kutupa amathandizira kupewa matenda osatha. Kafukufuku wina akuwonetsa kuthekera kotsutsa khansa, makamaka kwa tiyi wobiriwira wopangidwa ndi manja.

7. Zomwe Zili Mu Tiyi: Zomwe zili mu Shou Gong Cha nthawi zambiri zimakhala zambiri komanso zoyenera chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino. Ma polyphenols (catechins) amatha kufika 25-35% mu tiyi wobiriwira wopangidwa ndi manja. Theanine (L-theanine), yomwe imapangitsa kukoma kwa umami ndi kupumula, imasungidwa bwino pa kutentha kochepa kwa manja (2-3% poyerekeza ndi 1-2% mu tiyi wa makina). Mafuta ofunika, omwe amapanga fungo, amapezeka mochuluka - mpaka 0.08% poyerekeza ndi 0.03-0.05% mu tiyi wa makina. Kuchuluka kwa caffeine kumasiyana kuchokera pa 2% mpaka 4% malinga ndi mtundu wa tiyi. Mavitamini (makamaka C, E, K) ndi mamineral (potaziyamu, magnesium, manganese) nawonso amasungidwa bwino pa kukonza ndi manja.

6. Makhalidwe Omvetsetsa: Shou Gong Cha amasiyana ndi kukoma kovuta kwambiri komanso kuzama kwa fungo. Fungo nthawi zambiri limakhala losanjikiza, limavumbuluka pang’onopang’ono - kuchokera ku maluwa oyamba kupita ku miyala yakuya ndi zipatso. Kukoma kumadziwika ndi kumva kwa nthawi yayitali, kosintha (huí gān), komwe kumatha mphindi zingapo. Kapangidwe ka madzi a tiyi nthawi zambiri kamakhala kofewa komanso kotsekereza chifukwa chosunga bwino mafuta ofunika pa kukonza ndi manja. Mtundu wa madzi a tiyi nthawi zambiri umakhala wowala komanso waukhondo. Masamba pambuyo powiritsa (yè dǐ) amasonyeza kukhulupirika ndi kusinthasintha, zomwe zimasonyeza kusamalidwa bwino. Shou Gong Cha ambiri ali ndi katundu wapadera wa “qi” (茶气) - kumverera kwa mphamvu komwe okonda amafotokoza ngati kutentha kofalikira kudzera mthupi.

5. Ukadaulo Wopanga: Ukadaulo wopanga Shou Gong Cha umafuna chidziwitso chozama ndi zaka zambiri. Gawo lirilonse limayang’aniridwa ndi kumvetsetsa - katswiri amadziwa kukonzeka ndi fungo, kapangidwe, mtundu ndi ngakhale phokoso la masamba. Pa kunyentchera, katswiri amavundula masamba pafupipafupi, kuwonetsetsa kuti ataya chinyezi mofanana. Kukolola kumachitika ndi mphamvu zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi mawonekedwe omwe akufunidwa - kuchokera pakuswa pang’ono kwa tiyi woyera kupita kukukolola kolimba kwa oolong. Kwa tiyi wobiriwira, kutentha kwa kukhazikitsa (180-280°C) ndi liwiro la kuvundula mu mtsuko ndizofunika kwambiri. Popanga oolong, njira yapadera ya “yáo qīng” (摇青) imagwiritsidwa ntchito - kugwedeza masamba m’madengu a nsungwi kuti awononge pang’ono m’mphepete. Kuumitsa kumatha kuchitidwa m’magawo angapo ndikupumula kwapakati kwa masamba.

4. Malo ndi Mavuto a Kulima: Minda ya tiyi yopangira Shou Gong Cha nthawi zambiri imakhala m’madera a mapiri ovuta kufikako, kumene sizingatheke kugwiritsa ntchito makina. Kutalika kwa kumera nthawi zambiri kumakhala 800-2000 mamita pamwamba pa nyanja. Nthaka yabwino imakhala ya acidity (pH 4.5-5.5), yolemera ndi zinthu zachilengedwe, ndi madzi oyenda bwino. Nyengo iyenera kudziwika ndi chifungo pafupipafupi, kutentha kochepa (15-25°C) ndi mvula yokwanira (1200-2000 mm pachaka). Minda yambiri ya Shou Gong Cha imalimidwa mwachilengedwe, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi feteleza wa mankhwala. Chidwi chapadera chimaperekedwa ku kusiyanasiyana kwa zamoyo - tchire la tiyi nthawi zambiri limamera mogwirizana ndi zomera zina, zomwe zimapatsa tiyi kukoma kwapadera.

3. Kufotokozera kwa Zomera ndi Zipangizo: Kwa Shou Gong Cha zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga pakupanga ndi makina - masamba ndi masamba a Camellia sinensis. Komabe, kusankha zipangizo pakupanga ndi manja kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Akatswiri amasankha mphukira zina zokha, motsogozedwa ndi miyezo ya “yī yá yī liǎng yè” (一芽一两叶 - tsamba limodzi ndi masamba awiri) kapena “yī yá sān yè” (一芽三叶 - tsamba limodzi ndi masamba atatu). Kwa mitundu yapamwamba, masamba okha angagwiritsidwe ntchito (monga kwa Yín Zhēn) kapena tsamba ndi tsamba limodzi. Nthawi yotola ndi yofunika - kutola koyambirira kwa masika (míng qián - pamaso pa chikondwerero cha Qīngmíng) kumayamikiridwa kwambiri. Zipangizo za Shou Gong Cha nthawi zambiri zimachokera ku mitengo yakale ya tiyi (gǔ shù), yomwe zaka zake zimatha kupitirira zaka mazana.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe: Mbiri ya Shou Gong Cha ndi yosagawanika ndi mbiri ya tiyi yeniyeni. Mpaka pakati pa zaka za m’ma 1900, pafupifupi tiyi yense amapangidwa ndi manja. Kugwiritsa ntchito makina kunayamba m’zaka za m’ma 1950 chifukwa cha kukula kwa kufunikira padziko lonse. Mu chikhalidwe cha China, kupanga tiyi ndi manja kumaonedwa ngati chiwonetsero chapamwamba kwambiri cha luso la tiyi, kuyimira lingaliro la “gōng fū” (功夫) - luso lomwe limapezeka kudzera muzochita zazitali. Mu mwambo wa tiyi wa ku Japan, tiyi wopangidwa ndi njira zamwambo amayamikiridwa kwambiri. Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe la Shou Gong Cha limasonyezedwa pakusunga cholowa chosagwira cha chikhalidwe - maluso opangira omwe amaperekedwa kuchokera kwa katswiri kupita kwa wophunzira. UNESCO yavomereza njira zamwambo zopangira tiyi m’madera angapo a China ngati zinthu za cholowa chosagwira cha chikhalidwe.

1. Magulu ndi Chiyambi: Shou Gong Cha amasankhidwa osati ngati mtundu wina wa tiyi, koma ngati njira yopangira yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamagulu onse akuluakulu: wobiriwira, woyera, wachikasu, oolong, wofiira (wakuda) ndi pu-erh. Mawuwa amachokera ku zilembo za Chitchaina 手工 (shǒugōng), pomwe 手 amatanthauza “dzanja”, ndipo 工 - “ntchito” kapena “luso”. Lingaliro la kupanga tiyi ndi manja linayambira limodzi ndi chikhalidwe cha tiyi mu China zaka zoposa 5,000 zapitazo, pamene njira zonse zokonzera tsamba la tiyi zinkachitika ndi manja okha. Mwachilengedwe, Shou Gong Cha amapangidwa m’madera onse amwambo a tiyi: zigawo za Fújiàn, Zhèjiāng, Yúnnán, Ānhuī ku China, zigawo za Shizuoka ndi Kyoto ku Japan, Darjeeling ndi Assam ku India, komanso Taiwan ndi Sri Lanka.