Shímén Yín Fēng

Shímén Yín Fēng — “Silver Peak ya ku Chipata cha Mwala” — ndi tiyi wobiriwira wachinyamata koma wodziwika mwamsanga, wochokera ku Chigawo cha Shímén kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa chigawo cha Húnán. Anapangidwa mu 1991 potengera tiyi wakale wa mfumu “Niúdǐ” (牛抵茶) motsogozedwa ndi Profesa Zhu Xianmin wa ku Húnán Agricultural University, Shímén Yín Fēng m’zaka makumi atatu wapeza mphoto zoposa zana zapadziko lonse, kuphatikizapo kutchulidwa ngati “Chizindikiro Chodziwika Kwambiri cha China” (中国驰名商标) mu 2012 ndi udindo ngati “Tiyi Wokha Wovomerezeka” wa Shanghai World Expo 2010. Tiyi ameneyu amamerera pa “golide” wa digiri 30 ya latitude yakumpoto, m’mapiri a Wǔlíng — limodzi mwa madera oyera zachilengedwe kwambiri m’dziko, olemera ndi selenium.

1. Magulu ndi Chiyambi:

• Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, lǜchá). Osachotsedwa; kutsekemera kwake n’kochepa kwambiri (osachepera 5%).
• Gulu: “Tiyi khumi odziwika a Húnán” (湖南十大名茶, Húnán shí dà míng chá, kuyambira 2005). Chogulitsa chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo otetezedwa — adalembetsedwa ngati chizindikiro chotsimikizira malo (地理证明商标, dìlǐ zhèngmíng shāngbiāo, 2007). “Chizindikiro Chodziwika Kwambiri cha China” (中国驰名商标, Zhōngguó Chímíng Shāngbiāo, 2012).
• Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Húnán (湖南省, Húnán Shěng), mzinda wa Chángdé (常德市, Chángdé Shì), chigawo cha Shímén (石门县, Shímén Xiàn). Midzi 12, malo 3 a nkhalango zaulimi.
• Malo Ogwirizana: Longitude wakum’mawa 110°29′–111°32′, latitude wakumpoto 29°16′–30°08′.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:

• Mbiri:

Mbiri ya tiyi ya chigawo cha Shímén ili ndi zaka zoposa 1700. M’buku la geography la Western Jin (西晋, 265–316) lotchedwa “Jīngzhōu Tǔdìjì” (《荆州土地记》) M’bukuli, pananenedwa kuti: “Maboma onse asanu ndi awiri a [chigawo cha] Wǔlíng amatulutsa tiyi, [ndipo iye] ndiye wopambana kwambiri” (武陵七县通出茶，最好). Shímén anali m’chigawo cha Wǔlíng (武陵郡, Wǔlíng Jùn).

Mu nthawi ya Tang (唐朝, 618–907), wolemba mbiri wotchuka Liú Yǔxī (刘禹锡, Liú Yǔxī), ali pa udindo wa sima (司马) mu chigawo cha Lángzhōu (pano ndi Chángdé), analemba “Nyimbo ya Kulawa Tiyi ku nyumba ya m’mapiri ya Xīshān” (《西山兰若试茶歌》), kujambula luso la kuumitsa tiyi wobiriwira wa komweko. M’nyumba ya amonke ya Jiāshān (夹山寺, Jiāshān Sì), yomwe ili ku Shímén, mfundo yotchuka ya “tiyi ndi Chan ndi kukoma kumodzi” (茶禅一味, chá chán yī wèi) inayambika, kukhala maziko a maphwando a tiyi a ku Japan.

Tiyi wa “Niúdǐ” (牛抵茶, Niú Dǐ Chá — “Tiyi wa Ng’ombe Yolimbana”), womwe unkatulutsidwa m’mapiri a Shímén pafupi ndi nyumba ya amonke ya Jiāshān, kuyambira nthawi ya Song (宋, 960–1279) mpaka kumapeto kwa mzera wa Qing (清, 1644–1912), nthawi zonse unali m’ndandanda wa mphatso za mfumu (贡茶, gòng chá). Izi ndizolembedwa mu “Zolemba za Tiyi” (《茶录》, Chá Lù) za Cài Xiāng (蔡襄, Cài Xiāng) ndi “Buku Lopapatiza la Tiyi la China” (《中国茶经》, Zhōngguó Chá Jīng) la katswiri Chén Zōngmào (陈宗懋, Chén Zōngmào).

Mbiri yamakono: mu 1991, Profesa Zhū Xiānmíng (朱先明, Zhū Xiānmíng) wa ku Húnán Agricultural University (湖南农业大学) anatsogolera gulu lomwe, mogwirizana ndi Shímén Tea Company, linakonzanso ukadaulo wa tiyi wa mbiri yakale wa “Niúdǐ”, ndikupanga tiyi watsopano — “Shímén Yín Fēng”. Mu 1993, adadziwika kuti ndi “Tiyi Wodziwika wa Chigawo cha Húnán”. Mu 1994, adapeza mendulo ya golidi pa Asia-Pacific International Trade Fair. Mu 2005, adalowa m’gulu la “Tiyi Khumi Odziwika a Húnán”. Mu 2010, adakhala tiyi yekhayo wovomerezeka wa International Tea Festival wa Shanghai EXPO. Mu 2012, adapeza udindo wa “Chizindikiro Chodziwika Kwambiri cha China”. Mu 2021, adapititsa bwino kafukufuku wachigawo kuti alembedwe ngati chogulitsa chaulimi chadziko lonse chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo. Pofika 2023, mtengo wa chizindikiro unkayerekezedwa kukhala 2.445 biliyoni yuan (malinga ndi ziwerengero zina — 1.8 biliyoni).

• Dzina:

  • Shímén (石门, Shímén) — kumasulira kuti “Chipata cha Mwala” — dzina la chigawo chakumpoto chakumadzulo kwa chigawo cha Húnán, kumapeto kwa mapiri a Wǔlíng.
  • Yín (银, Yín) — “siliva”: kutchula utoto wambiri wa siliva womwe umakutira tsamba.
  • Fēng (峰, Fēng) — “nsonga”, “pamwamba”: fanizo la chiyambi cha tiyi cha m’mapiri ndi mawonekedwe a nsonga ya mphukira.

Wolemba kalembedwe Shǐ Mù (史穆) analemba dzina lake mu ndime ya acrostic: “石鼎烹泉活，门庭散倚霞，银针初茁蕊，峰翠育新芽” — “Mu mphika wamwala kasupe wamoyo umaphika, ku khomo kuwala kumwazikana; singano ya siliva imamera ngati duwa, pa nsonga yobiriwira mphukira yatsopano imalimidwa”.

• Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe: Shímén Yín Fēng ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu cha tiyi cha chigawo cha Shímén ndi limodzi mwa zitsogoleri za tiyi wa Húnán. Kulumikizana ndi nyumba ya amonke ya Jiāshān ndi mfundo ya “tiyi ndi Chan ndi kukoma kumodzi” kumapatsa udindo wapadera “wa tiyi ndi Chibuda”. Chigawo cha Shímén chimadziwika ndi maina oti “Malo Obadwira Tiyi Wodziwika cha China” (中国名茶之乡) ndi “Malo Obadwira Chan ya Tiyi ya China” (中国茶禅之乡).

3. Malongosoledwe a Zomera ndi Zipangizo:

• Mtundu / Cultivar: Zazikulu — Shímén Qúntǐ Zhǒng (石门群体种, Shímén Qúntǐ Zhǒng) — mtundu wamba wokhala ndi zaka zambiri, ndi Báiháo Zǎo (白毫早, Báiháo Zǎo) — mtundu wabwino kwambiri wa boma wa chiyambi choyamba, wokhala ndi utoto wambiri. Zothandizira: Fúdǐng Dàbáichá (福鼎大白茶), Zhūyè Qí (槠叶齐, Zhūyè Qí) ndi mitundu ina yopanda kugonana. Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. Zaka za makungwa akuluakulu n’zoposa 30. Kulemera kwa mphukira zana limodzi (mphukira imodzi + tsamba limodzi) ndi pafupifupi 45 g.
• Kututa: M’nyengo ya masika, pa nthawi ya chikondwerero cha Qīngmíng (清明, kumayambiriro kwa April). Chifukwa cha mitunda yokwera komanso kudzuka mochedwa kwa makungwa, kututa kumayamba mochedwa kuposa madera otsika. Kwa “Yín Fēng Wáng” (银峰王, “Mfumu ya Silver Peak”) — mtundu wamkulu kwambiri — kututa kumangokhala masiku 2-3 ozungulira Qīngmíng, nthawi zonse kuli koyera kuyambira 9:00 mpaka 15:00.
• Mulingo wa kututa: Kalasi yapadera — mphukira imodzi yokha (单芽, dān yá), kutalika kosapitirira 2.5 cm. Kalasi yoyamba — mphukira imodzi yokhala ndi tsamba lotseguka (≥80%). Kalasi yachiwiri — mphukira imodzi yokhala ndi masamba awiri. Lamulo la “zoletsa zinayi” (四不采, sì bù cǎi) limatsatiridwa mosamalitsa: osatuta mphukira pa mvula, osatuta mphukira za mame, osatuta mphukira zopezeka, osatuta mphukira zogwidwa ndi matenda kapena zofoka. Komanso, “masamba a nsomba” (鱼叶), mamba ndi timitengo togwira masamba sakuloledwa.
• Zofunikira pa zipangizo: “Zofewa, zofanana, zoyera, zolingana” (嫩、匀、净、齐).

4. Malo ndi Makhalidwe a Kulimidwa:

• Malo: Chigawo cha Shímén chili kumapeto kwa mapiri a Wǔlíng (武陵山脉, Wǔlíng Shānmài), pamzere wosanjikiza wa zigawo zinayi (Húnán, Húběi, Guìzhōu, Chóngqìng). Phiri la Húpíng (壶瓶山, Húpíng Shān), nsonga yayitali kwambiri ku Húnán (2098.7 m), lili kumadzulo kwa chigawo ndipo ndi phata la National Nature Reserve. Dera limadziwika kuti “malo obisalira zomera ndi nyama za m’nthawi ya malo atatu” — limodzi mwa madera osasokonekera zachilengedwe kwambiri pa latitude iyi ku Eurasia.
• Kutalika kwa chilimidwe: 300–1200 metres pamwamba pa nyanja. Phata la zipangizo za kalasi yapamwamba — mitunda ya m’mapiri yokwera 600 m ndi pamwamba, m’dera la mitambo ndi nkhungu yosatha, imathiriridwa ndi madzi a m’mphepo za m’mapiri.
• Nyengo: Kumvula kwa matembo a chigawo chotentha, kokhala ndi kusiyanasiyana koyang’ana mmwamba. Kutentha kwapakatikati pachaka 13–17°C (malinga ndi kutalika). Mvula yapachaka — 1300–1900 mm. Masiku ankhungu — opitirira 180 pachaka. Kusiyana kwa kutentha kwamasana ndi usiku — kopitirira 8°C. Kuwala kochuluka komwe kumafalikira kumathandiza kuti ma amino acid achuluke (tiyi wa masika: ma amino acid ≥3.32%).
• Mthaka: Dongo lachikasu-bulauni (黄棕壤, huáng zōng rǎng) ndi lofiira (红壤, hóng rǎng) lokhala ndi asidi (pH 5.0–6.5). Limakhuta ndi selenium (0.82 mg/kg) ndi zinki (1.6 mg/kg) — Shímén ili m’dera la “selenium belt” la Húnán.
• Zachilengedwe: Mphamvu ya nkhalango — 81%. Kuchuluka kwa ma ion oipa a mpweya — kopitirira 50 poyerekeza ndi mzinda. Dera latsimikizidwa kuti ndi “Phuli Lopuma Lopangidwa Mwachilengedwe la China” (中国天然氧吧). Mitunda ina yatsimikizidwa ndi organic ya EU.

5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:

Ukadaulo wa Shímén Yín Fēng ndi njira yosinthika ya “chaoqing” (炒青), yomwe inabadwa kuchokera ku “Niúdǐ Chá” wa mbiri yakale ndipo inakonzedwanso ndi gulu la Profesa Zhū Xiānmíng. Chozindikiritsa ndi ndondomeko yama sitepe asanu ndi anayi yokhala ndi njira zanzeru za “tíháo” (提毫 — kukweza utoto) ndi kuumitsa komaliza ndi makala.

• Kugawira (摊青 — tān qīng): Tsamba latsopano limayalidwa mosanjikiza osapitirira 3 cm m’chipinda choyera ndi chopatsa mpweya kwa maola 4–10. Zolinga — kutulutsa chinyezi koyambirira ndi kupanga fungo.

• Kutsekemera kwa ma enzyme (杀青 — shā qīng): Kutentha kwa mphika wathyathyathya (平口锅) — 140°C. Kulemera kwake — 500 g. Kukazinga ndi manja awiri, kusinthanitsa “zotsekedwa” (闷, mèn) ndi “zobalalitsa” (抖, dǒu) njira. Kukonzekera kumadziwika ndi kutaya konyezimira, kufewetsa kwa tsamba, ndi kuonekera kwa fungo loyera.

• Kuziziritsa / “Mphepo yoyera” (清风 — qīng fēng): Tsamba lokhazikika limagundidwa mu sieve ya nsungwi 10 kapena kuposerapo kuti lizizire mwamsanga ndikupewa kuti lichite chikasu (闷黄).

• Kukazinga koyambirira (炒坯 — chǎo pī): Kutentha 85°C, kugwedezeka kofewa ndi manja awiri mpaka chinyezi pafupifupi 40%.

• Kukhwimitsa / “Kugwedeza” (紧条 — jǐn tiáo): Kutentha 60°C. Kukulunga pang’ono kumbali imodzi mpaka chinyezi ~30%. Kuyenda kumachokera popepuka kumene kumakula, ndi kumwazikana pafupipafupi kuti zisamamatane.

• Kukonza mawonekedwe / “Kuwongola” (理条 — lǐ tiáo): Kutentha 50°C. Dzanja lamanja limawongola tsamba kutsogolo, kukonza mawonekedwe a “singano” olamulira. Kuyenda kumakhala kopepuka kwambiri. Kukonzekera — 80% louma.

• Kupumula (摊凉 — tān liáng): Kufupikitsa (pafupifupi mphindi 4) kuziziritsa kwa mpweya kuti chinyezi chiyende bwino.

• Kukweza utoto (提毫 — tí háo): Kutentha 50°C. Kugwedezeka kwapanthawi yake kwa masamba ena ndi ena kumasonyeza ndi kuwongola utoto wa siliva, ndikupanga “chofunda cha siliva” chodziwika pamwamba pa ndodo. Iyi ndiyo ntchito yodziwika ya Shímén Yín Fēng.

• Kuumitsa ndi makala (烘焙 — hōng bèi): Kuumitsa komaliza pa 70°C pamakala amphepo mpaka chinyezi chosapitirira 5%. Ukadaulo wa kuumitsa ndi makala (木炭焙, mùtàn bèi) umakhazikitsa fungo mosamalitsa ndi kuteteza utoto kuti usawonongeke.

6. Makhalidwe a Malingaliro:

• Maonekedwe a tsamba louma: Ndodo zowonda, zowongoka, zofanana (紧细匀直, jǐn xì yún zhí) zokhala ndi “nsonga” yowonekera (锋苗, fēng miáo). Zakutidwa kwambiri ndi utoto wa siliva (银毫满披, yín háo mǎn pī). Mtundu — wobiriwira ngati mwala wamtengo wapatali wokhala ndi konyezima ngati mafuta (翠绿油润, cuì lǜ yóu rùn).

• Fungo la tsamba louma: Funso lofewa (嫩香, nèn xiāng), loyera, lalitali, lokhala ndi fungo la mabokosi a m’chifuwa (栗香, lì xiāng) — makamaka kalasi yapadera. Kukoma kwa “maluwa” kofewa ndi kumveka kwa lily-of-the-valley n’kodziwika.

• Fungo la madzi a tiyi: Lalitali ndi lokhazikika (清高持久, qīng gāo chíjiǔ). Chozindikiritsa — kusiyanasiyana: “kutsanulira koyamba — fungo loyera (清香), kachiwiri — kukoma kokwanira (味浓), kachitatu ndi kachinayi — fungo losalala lomwe likupitirira (幽香犹存)”. Malinga ndi ofufuza, zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri zimasunga fungo mpaka kutsanulira kwachisanu ndi chiwiri.

• Kukoma: Kophweka ndi kotakasuka (鲜爽, xiān shuǎng), komanso kokwanira ndi kokhuthala (醇厚, chún hòu). Kutsekemera kobwerera (回甘, huí gān) — kwakutali ndi kowoneka (回味甘甜, huí wèi gān tián). Kuuma n’kochepa. Thupi — lapakati mpaka lodzaza, lomveka ngati “lokoma”.

• Mtundu wa madzi a tiyi: Wobiriwira wowala, woyera ndi wosadetsedwa (亮绿, liàng lǜ / 嫩绿明亮, nèn lǜ míng liàng).

• Pansi pa msuzi (tsamba lothiridwa): Lofewa lobiriwira, latsopano, lamoyo ndi lofanana (嫩绿鲜活匀整). Mphukira zonse, zotseguka bwino.

7. Zomwe Zili mu Khemikolo:

• Polyphenols (茶多酚, chá duōfēn): Osachepera 30% (kwa kalasi yoyamba). Kuchuluka kwake kumadza chifukwa cha malo a m’mapiri ndi kusiyana kwa kutentha.
• Catechins (儿茶素, ér chá sù): Kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa EGCG — 8.22%, komwe, malinga ndi opanga, ndi chimodzi mwazizindikiro zazikulu kwambiri pakati pa tiyi wobiriwira wa ku China. EGCG ndiye catechin yokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zamoyo, yomwe imathandiza kuti thupi lisawonongeke.
• Ma Amino Acids (氨基酸, ānjīsuān): Osachepera 3.32% (tiyi wa masika). L-theanine imapereka kumveka kwa “umami” ndi mphamvu yofewetsa yopatsa mphamvu.
• Chotulutsa cha m’madzi (水浸出物, shuǐ jìnchūwù): Osachepera 45% (kalasi yapadera) — apamwamba kuposa pafupifupi ya tiyi wobiriwira, zomwe zimafotokoza kupirira kwabwino kotsanulira.
• Alkaloids: Caffeine — pafupifupi 25–35 mg/g. Theobromine, theophylline — zochepa.
• Mavitamini: Vitamini C, mavitamini a gulu B, vitamini E.
• Minerals: Selenium (0.82 mg/kg m’thaka, gawo lalikulu limalowa m’tsamba), zinki (1.6 mg/kg), potaziyumu, phosphorous, maganezi.
• Mafuta Othandizira: Fungo la mabokosi a m’chifuwa limapangidwa ndi pyrazines ndi furanones; fungo lofewa la maluwa — linalool ndi geraniol.

8. Ubwino Wathanzi:

• Kuteteza kwambiri ku wonongeka kwa ma cell: Kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa EGCG (8.22%) kumapereka chimodzi mwazothandiza kwambiri zotetezera pakati pa tiyi wobiriwira. Polyphenols zimapha ma free radicals, zikuchedwetsa kukalamba kwa ma cell.
• Kuthandiza kwa mtima ndi mitsempha: Catechins zimathandizira kagayidwe ka mafuta, zimathandiza kuchepetsa LDL-cholesterol ndi kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha atherosulinosis.
• Kuteteza mano ndi kupha mabakiteriya: Catechins zimaletsa mabakiteriya oyambitsa matenda a mano, ndikuchepetsa kupangika kwa plaque.
• Mphamvu yopatsa mphamvu ndi yamalingaliro: Kuphatikizana kwa caffeine ndi L-theanine kumapereka mphamvu yokhazikika komanso kumveka bwino m’maganizo.
• Thandizo la selenium: Chifukwa cha mthaka wokhala ndi selenium, tiyi ndiye gwero lachilengedwe la selenium yopezeka mosavuta — trace element yofunika kuti chitetezo cha mthupi ndi ntchito ya thyroid ziyende bwino.
• Kuwongolera chakudya: Kukondoweza kwapang’ono kwa kutulutsa madzi am’mimba.
• Kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi: Polyphenols ndi vitamini C pamodzi zimalimbitsa mphamvu za chitetezo cha thupi.

9. Kuthira:

• Kutentha kwa madzi: 80–85°C. Musagwiritse ntchito madzi otentha kwambiri: kutentha kopitirira 85°C kumawononga L-theanine ndipo kumayambitsa kuuma kwakukulu.
• Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3 g pa 150 ml (chiŵerengero 1:50).
• Ziwiya: Galasi (透明玻璃杯) — ndi yabwino kuti muone mphukira za siliva zikutseguka. Madzi a kasupe wa m’mapiri ndi okondedwa; pewani madzi a mchere omwe amawononga mtundu wa madzi a tiyi.
• Ndondomeko:
  1. Kufewetsa ziwiya: Sakanizani galasi ndi madzi otentha.
  2. Kuthira tiyi: Njira ya kutsanulira pamwamba (上投法, shàng tóu fǎ): choyamba thirani madzi, kenako ikani tiyi mosamala.
  3. Kutsanulira koyamba: Mphindi 1-2.
  4. Kutsanulira kobwereza: Onjezani masekondi 30 pa chilichonse chotsatira. Shímén Yín Fēng wabwino amapirira kutsanulira kokwanira 3-4; zitsanzo zabwino kwambiri — mpaka 5 kapena kuposerapo.
  5. Chofunika: Thirani madzi m’mphepete mwa galasi ndi mphamvu yofewa — izi zimalepheretsa utoto kufalikira ndi kusokoneza madzi a tiyi.

10. Kusunga:

• Mikhalidwe: Kupakidwa mosindikizidwa, kutetezedwa ku kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo lachilendo. Chabwino — firiji pa 0–5°C.
• Mphamvu: Tiyi watsopano. Fungo ndi kukoma kwabwino kwambiri — m’miyezi 6 yoyambirira itapangidwa.
• Malangizo: Tiyi watsopano akhale masiku 5-7 pamalo amdima pa kutentha kwa chipinda kuti “moto uchoke” (褪火). Akatsegulidwa, sungani mufiriji ndikugwiritsani ntchito pasanathe mwezi umodzi.

11. Mtengo ndi Zonamizira:

• Mlingo wamtengo: Kalasi yapadera — 1000–3000 yuan pa jin (500 g); kalasi yoyamba — 600–1200 yuan; kalasi yachiwiri — 400–800 yuan. “Yín Fēng Wáng” (银峰王) — sub-mtundu wapamwamba: mu 2003 pa msika wa malonda, 100 g idagulitsidwa pofika 53,000 yuan yakale.
• Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza mtengo: Kalasi, nthawi yakututa (tiyi isanafike Qīngmíng ndiokwera mtengo), munda weniweni (mapiri a Húpíng ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri), njira yamanja motsutsana ndi yamakina, kukhala ndi chitsimikiziro cha organic.
• Momwe mungapewere zonamizira:
  • Gulani kwa ogulitsa ovomerezeka okhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo “石门银峰”.
  • Unikani maonekedwe akunja: ndodo zowonda, zowongoka, zofanana zokhala ndi utoto wambiri wosawonongeka. Tsamba lonyansa, losafanana ndi chizindikiro chachinyengo.
  • Fufuzani fungo: loyera, lalitali, lopanda fungo lachilendo. Kukhalapo kwa fungo la “chikuku” kapena “utsi” siwodziwika.
  • Yesani kupirira: Shímén Yín Fēng weniweni amasunga fungo mpaka kutsanulira kwachitatu kapena kachinayi.
  • Samalani ndi mtengo wochepera 400 yuan pa jin kwa kalasi yoyamba.

12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:

• Wolowa m’malo wa tiyi wa mfumu: Shímén Yín Fēng ndi mbadwa yachindunji ya tiyi wa “Niúdǐ” (牛抵茶, “Tiyi wa Ng’ombe Yolimbana”), womwe unali mphatso ya mfumu kuyambira Nthawi ya Song mpaka Nthawi ya Qing — pafupifupi zaka 800 za ntchito yosalekeza kukhothi.
• Kwawo kwa “tiyi ndi Chan ndi kukoma kumodzi”: Nyumba ya amonke ya Jiāshān ku Shímén ndiye komwe kumachokera lingaliro lotchuka “茶禅一味” (tiyi ndi Zen ndi kukoma kumodzi), lomwe monke wa Tang Shàn Huì (善会) adalankhula koyamba, ndipo mphunzitsi wa Song Yuánwù Kèqín (圆悟克勤) adalemba ndi uthenga wabwino ndikuutumiza ku Japan, kumene udakhala mwala wapangodya wa mwambo wa tiyi wa ku Japan.
• 53,000 yuan pa 100 g: Mu 2003, pa msika wa malonda a tiyi otchuka a Shímén, 100 g ya “Yín Fēng Wáng” idagulitsidwa pofika 53,000 yuan — mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri womwe udapangitsa chizindikiro kutchuka mdziko lonse.
• “Malo Obisalira a Nthawi ya Malo Atatu”: Mapiri a Húpíng, kumene kuli mitunda yapakati, ndi “malo obisalira” a zomera ndi nyama zakale za nthawi ya malo atatu — pano pali mitundu yomwe idasowa ku Eurasia yonse. Ili ndi limodzi mwa madera oyera zachilengedwe kwambiri pa 30th parallel.
• Paradaiso wa selenium: Mthaka wa chigawo cha Shímén uli mu “selenium belt” ya Húnán — limodzi mwa madera ochepa ku China pomwe selenium imapezeka mwachilengedwe m’thaka momasuka.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi tiyi ena obiriwira:

• Xìnyáng Máojiān (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máojiān): Tiyi wotchuka wochokera ku Hénán, yemwenso ali ndi utoto wambiri. Máojiān — ndi “wochepa thupi” m’mawonekedwe, wokhala ndi fungo laling’ono la maluwa. Shímén Yín Fēng — ndiwokhuthala kwambiri m’thupi ndi kukoma, wokhala ndi fungo lowonekera la mabokosi a m’chifuwa ndi kupirira kwabwino kotsanulira.
• Shàngráo Bái Méi (上饶白眉, Shàngráo Bái Méi): Tiyi wobiriwira wa ku Jiāngxī wokhala ndi mawonekedwe a “nsidze” ndi utoto wambiri. N’wofanana m’maonekedwe, koma Yín Fēng amapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu ina (mtundu wa m’mapiri motsutsana ndi Dàmiànbái), ali ndi fungo lakuzama la mabokosi a m’chifuwa ndi thupi lolimba.
• Gǔzhàng Máojiān (古丈毛尖, Gǔzhàng Máojiān): Tiyi wina wodziwika wa Húnán kuchokera m’dera la mapiri la Wǔlíng, koma kuchokera kumadzulo kwa mapiri. Ndiwopepuka, wokhala ndi “zobiriwira” zowonekera ndi zitsamba. Shímén Yín Fēng — ndiwokhuthala, wokhala ndi kubwerera kukoma kwakutali.
• Ānhuà Sōngzhēn (安化松针, Ānhuà Sōngzhēn): Tiyi wa Húnán wa “singano”. Amasiyana ndi “singano” zowonda, zazitali ndi fungo losalala la “pine”. Yín Fēng — ndiwamphamvu, wokhala ndi kutsindika kwa mabokosi a m’chifuwa ndi kupirira.

Pomaliza:

Shímén Yín Fēng ndi tiyi wolumikiza miyambo ya zaka 1700 ya chigawo cha Wǔlíng ndi njira zamakono za sayansi. Pambuyo pa “chofunda chake cha siliva” pali cholowa cha “Niúdǐ Chá” cha mfumu, nzeru za nyumba ya amonke ya Chan ya Jiāshān, ukhondo wa chilengedwe wa mapiri a Húpíng, ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa EGCG, zomwe zimapangitsa chikho chilichonse kukhala osati chisangalalo chokha, komanso chuma m’thupi. “Kutsanulira koyamba — fungo loyera, kachiwiri — kukoma kokwanira, kachitatu ndi kachinayi — fungo losalala” — chilingamulirochi, chomwe chakhala mfundo ya chizindikiro, chimalongosola ndendende khalidwe la tiyi yemwe amatha kudabwitsa kuyambira dontho loyamba mpaka lomaliza.