Shèngzhōu huī bái · new.thetea.app

Shèngzhōu huī bái ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yochepera yotsala ya tiyi wobiriwira wozunguliridwa mwaubwino ku China. Tiyi ameneyu, wochokera ku dera la Zhejiang, amene anadziwika kale pa nthawi ya mafumu a Qing monga mphatso ya ku nyumba ya mfumu, ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera “onga ozungulira koma osati ozungulira” ndiponso njira yapadera yotenthetsera motentha pang’onopang’ono yotchedwa huíguō — kuotcha pang’onopang’ono mu poto yopendekeka. Pakati pa akatswiri, amalemekezedwa monga “ngale ya tiyi wozungulira wobiriwira wa ku China.”

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, lǜchá). Wosavunda, mulingo wa oxidation n’wochepa kwambiri (wochepera 5%).
Gulu: Tiyi wodziwika bwino wa m’mbiri ya China (中国历史名茶). Tiyi wobiriwira wapamwamba wa m’chigawo, wozunguliridwa mwaubwino (圆形绿茶, yuánxíng lǜchá).
Chiyambi: China, dera la Zhejiang (浙江省, Zhèjiāng shěng), boma la Shèngzhōu (嵊州市, Shèngzhōu shì), dera la Sìmíng Shān (四明山, Sìmíng Shān). Malo opangira kwambiri: mudzi wa Xiàwáng zhèn (下王镇, Xiàwáng zhèn) — mudzi wa Quángǎng cūn (泉岗村, Quángǎng cūn), ndiponso mudzi wa Guìmén xiāng (贵门乡, Guìmén xiāng) — mudzi wa Shàngwùshān cūn (上坞山村, Shàngwùshān cūn).
Midzi yodutsa: Pafupifupi 29.70° kumpoto, 120.88° kum’mawa (chizindikiro — mudzi wa Quángǎng m’mbali mwamwera kwa phiri la Fùzhī).

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Gawo la Shèngzhōu wamakono m’nthawi yakale linali m’chigawo cha Yuèzhōu (越州), ndipo tiyi wa m’derali ankadziwika ndi dzina lachiyanjano Yuèzhōu chá (越州茶). Kale pa nthawi ya Western Han (206 BCE – 9 CE), malo amene panthawiyo ankatchedwa Shàn xiàn (剡县), anali odziwika ndi tiyi wa kumtunda kwa mtsinje wa Shànxī (剡溪). M’nthawi ya Tang, katswiri wa tiyi Lù Yǔ (陆羽, Lù Yǔ) mu Chájīng (茶经, “Buku Lopatulika la Tiyi”) anatchula tiyi wa m’chigawo cha Yuèzhōu.

Huī bái monga tiyi wopindidwa “onga ozungulira koma osati ozungulira” (似圆非圆) anayamba kuumbika, kutengera maganizo a akatswiri ambiri a tiyi, osachedwa kumayambiriro kwa nthawi ya Qing (zaka za 1600). Munthawi ya ulamuliro wa Tóngzhì (同治, 1862–1874), njira yopangira idakonzedwa bwino, ndipo tiyi anapatsidwa udindo wa mphatso ya ku nyumba ya mfumu (贡茶, gòngchá). Panthawi imeneyi anayamba kutchulidwa Qiángāng huī bái (前岗辉白) — kutengera mudzi wa Qiángāng (pambuyo pake Quángǎng).

Mu 1915, tiyiyu analandira mendulo ya golidi pa Pan-Pacific International Exposition ku San Francisco. Malinga ndi zina, m’magulu a ogula tiyi a ku Britain ankamutcha “ngale yobiriwira” (Green Pearl). Mu 1956, nyuzipepala ya ku Hong Kong yotchedwa Dàgōngbào inaika Quángǎng huī bái pa ndandanda yake ya tiyi khumi zodziwika bwino ku China, ndikumuyika pa malo achiwiri.

M’zaka za nkhondo ndi chipwirikiti chapakati pa zaka za m’ma 1900, njira yopangira inatsala pang’ono kutayika. Kutsitsimuka kunayamba mu 1975, pamene mbuye wosunga chikhalidwe chosadziwika bwino, Yú Fānghuá (俞芳华), anabwezeretsa luso lachikhalidwe. Kuyambira zaka za 2010, tiyiyi analandira zizindikiritso zingapo: udindo wa chizindikiro chodziwika cha dera la Zhejiang, kuikidwa mu kaundula wa chikhalidwe chosadziwika cha Shaoxing. Mu 2019, Shèngzhōu huī bái adalandira satifiketi ya “Mkhalidwe Wakale wa Dera la Zhejiang” (浙江老字号).
Dzina: Shèngzhōu (嵊州) — ndi boma limene tiyiyu amapangidwira. Huī (辉) — akutanthauza gawo lalikulu la njira yotchedwa huíguō (辉锅, “kuotcha kuti awale”), pomwe tsamba louma limakhala ndi mawanga oyera ngati chisanu. Bái (白) — akutanthauza “choyera”, n’kutanthauzira chisanu chomwechi (起霜, qǐshuāng) pamwamba pa tiyi womalizidwa. Choncho dzina lonse limatanthauza “choyera chowala [chochokera ku] Shèngzhōu”. Mitundu ina ya mbiri: Qiángāng huī bái (前岗辉白 / 前冈煇白), Quángǎng huī bái (泉岗辉白).
Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe: Huī bái imagwirizana kwambiri ndi mbiri ya chikhalidwe cha tiyi wobiriwira wa Zhejiang ndipo imawonedwa ngati kholo la Píngshuǐ zhūchá (平水珠茶, píngshǔi zhūchá) — “tiyi wa ngale”, yemwe kuyambira nthawi ya Qing anakhala imodzi mwa tiyi zobiriwira zotumizidwa kunja kwambiri ku China. Ngati Píngshuǐ zhūchá inasintha kukhala yopindika mwaubwino mozungulira kuti izitha kuyenda panyanja, Huī bái anasungabe mawonekedwe akale “osati ozungulira kwenikweni”, n’kukhala tiyi ya msika wam’deralo ndi akatswiri. Anthu am’deralo akufotokoza malo a mudzi wa Qiángāng ndi mwambi wandakatulo: “Qiángāng dàlǐngtóu, zǒulù pèng bítóu, yúnwù rào shāntóu, lǎohǔ dūn yántóu” (前岗大岭头，走路碰鼻头，云雾绕山头，老虎蹲岩头 — “Pa phiri lalikulu la Qiángāng, msewu umagunda pamphuno, nkhungu imazungulira nsonga, ndipo kambuku amakhala pa mwala”).

3. Kufotokozera Zomera ndi Zopangira:

Mtundu wa chomera: Camellia sinensis var. sinensis.
Mtundu / Kultivar: Mitundu yosakanikirana ya m’deralo (当地群体种, dāngdì qúntǐ zhǒng) — masamba apakatikati ndi ang’ono (中小叶种, zhōngxiǎo yè zhǒng), kusakanikirana kwa majini komwe kudakula kuzolowera malo a mapiri a Sìmíng Shān. Amakula bwino m’kuzizira ndipo masamba ake achichepere amakhala ndi ubweya woyera kwambiri.
Nthawi yokolola: Makamaka nthawi ya m’chisanu — kuzungulira Gǔyǔ (谷雨, “Mvula ya Zinthu Zobiriwira”, pafupifupi 19-21 April). Mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri imakololedwa Gǔyǔ isanafike, mitundu yokhazikika — itadutsa.
Muyezo wokolola: Kwa mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri (高档辉白): kamuphukira kamodzi ndi tsamba limodzi (一芽一叶, yī yá yī yè), okololedwa Gǔyǔ asanafike — zopangira ngati izi ndi pafupifupi 30% ya zonse. Kwa mtundu wapakatikati: kamuphukira kamodzi ndi masamba awiri omwe akungoyamba kutambasuka (一芽二叶初展). Kwa mtundu wokhazikika: kuyambira kamuphukira kamodzi ndi masamba awiri mpaka kamuphukira kamodzi ndi masamba atatu akungoyamba kutambasuka. Kupanga 500 g ya tiyi wapamwamba kumafunika 40,000–50,000 za kamuphukira.
Zofunikira pa zopangira: Tiphukira tiyenera kukhala tolimba, ndi ubweya woyera wochuluka (芽叶肥壮，多白毫). Pambuyo pokolola, zopangirazo zimasankhidwa mwachanguchangu kuti zikhale zofanana kukula ndi kukhwima, kenako zimaikidwa m’magulu malinga ndi kalasi kuti zizipangidwa mosiyana.

4. Malo Olimapo (Terroir) ndi Momwe Amalimidwa:

Malo ndi geography: Minda ya tiyi ili kum’mwera kwa phiri la Fùzhī Shān (覆卮山, Fùzhī Shān, kutalika kwake 861 m), lomwe lili m’gulu la mapiri a Sìmíng Shān (四明山脉). Malo opangira kwambiri ndi minda yakale ya tiyi ya mudzi wa Quángǎng pamtunda wa pafupifupi 500 m ndi minda ya mudzi wa Shàngwùshān pamtunda wa pafupifupi 650 m, yomwe ili mdera la dothi lachisanu cha kale.
Kutalika kwa minda: 500–800 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Nyengo: Nyengo yotentha ya mphepo yamkuntho. Chiwerengero cha masiku a nkhungu pachaka chimaposa 280. Chinyezi cha mpweya ≥ 80%. Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa masana ndi usiku kumathandiza kuti tsamba likhale ndi zonunkhira ndi zokometsera. Mwambi wa am’deralo ukufotokoza mikhalidwe: “Nkhungu imazungulira nsonga” — zitsamba za tiyi zimamera kwenikweni m’mitambo.
Dothi: Dothi lachikasu-bulauni la dera la chisanu cha Fùzhī Shān, lodziwika m’mikangano ya m’deralo monga “dothi la phulusa” (香灰土, xiānghuī tǔ). Lili ndi zinthu zambiri zachilengedwe ndi michere. Malo okhala ndi nkhalango ndi 93%, palibe kuipitsidwa ndi mafakitale.
Ulimi: Kuyang’anira minda mwachilengedwe popanda kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza ophera tizilombo. Kuthunthumulidwa kwachilengedwe kumaperekedwa ndi nkhalango za m’mapiri. Kuwala kwa m’mbali (漫射光, màn shè guāng) kudzera mu nkhungu ndi nsonga za mitengo kumalimbikitsa kupangika kwa zonunkhira ndi amino asidi mu tsamba.

5. Njira Yopangira:

Kupanga Shèngzhōu huī bái ndi ntchito yolimbikitsa, yomwe imatenga pafupifupi maola 15. Makhalidwe ofunika kwambiri a njira iyi ndi kuotcha kwautali ndi kutentha pang’onopang’ono kotchedwa huíguō (辉锅), komwe kumaumba mawonekedwe apadera “onga ozungulira” a tsamba ndi chisanu choyera padziko pake. Ntchito yonse imachitidwa ndi manja pogwiritsa ntchito zida za nsungwi ndi matabwa, zomwe zimachepetsa kukhudzana kwa tiyi ndi chitsulo.

Kukonza (杀青 — shāqīng): Kutentha kwa poto yopendekeka 200–220°C. Kuyika pafupifupi 1.5–1.7 kg tsamba lobiriwira pa poto imodzi. Mbuye amagwiritsa ntchito timitengo ta nsungwi, pogwiritsa njira ya “kufumbira kwambiri, kuponyera pang’ono” (多闷少抛, duō mèn shǎo pāo) kuti atsimikizire kukonza kofanana popanda kuuma pamwamba. Nthawi — 8–9 mphindi.
Kukulunga koyamba (初揉 — chū róu): Tsamba lotentha pambuyo pa shāqīng nthawi yomweyo limakulungidwa ndi manja onse awiri monga “mchira” (滚揉, gǔn róu), mpaka limakhala lomata pang’ono. Nthawi — 2–3 mphindi.
Kuyanika koyamba (初烘 — chū hōng): Tsamba lokulungidwa limatambasulidwa ndikuyanikidwa pa miyandira ya nsungwi (冲, chōng — dzina la m’deralo, lofanana ndi hōngshāo) pamwamba pa makala a mtengo pa kutentha pafupifupi 90°C mpaka mtundu utasanduka wakuda ndikusiya kumata.
Kukulunga kachiwiri (复揉 — fù róu): Kukulunganso kowonjezera kwa mphindi 2–3 ndi manja kuti kuwonjezere kuumbika.
Kuyanika kachiwiri (复烘 — fù hōng): Kutentha kumatsitsidwa kufika 60°C, nthawi — 10–12 mphindi.
Kuotcha “chobiriwira chachiwiri” (炒二青 — chǎo èr qīng): Imachitidwa mu poto yopendekeka pa kutentha pafupifupi 120°C. Kuyika kumawonjezedwa kufika 2.5–3.0 kg. Mbuye ndi manja onse awiri amakankhira ndi kusisita tsamba (推炒, tuī chǎo), n’kulipatsa mawonekedwe ozungulira achiyambi. Nthawi — 30–35 mphindi.
Huíguō — “kuotcha kuti awale” (辉锅 — huīguō): Ili ndi gawo lalikulu ndi losankha. Mu poto yopendekeka amaika tsamba lochokera kumagulu awiri am’mbuyomo. Kutentha koyamba pafupifupi 100°C, kenako kumatsitsidwa pang’onopang’ono kufika 30–40°C. Mbuye amakankhira tiyi mofewa m’mbali mwa poto ndi manja onse awiri, n’kuchititsa masamba kuti azizingulira pang’onopang’ono. Ntchitoyi imatenga maola 3–4 — ili ndi gawo lalitali koposa. Ndipo ndi pamene huíguō imachitika pamene tsamba limapeza mawonekedwe ake odziwika a “zokhotakhota ngati duwa” (盘花卷曲, pánhuā juǎnqū) ndipo limakutidwa ndi chisanu choyera (色白起霜). Pambuyo pa huíguō, tiyi womalizidwa amaziritsa pang’ono, kumusefa fumbi ndi kusankha ndi manja masamba achikasu ndi zinthu zina zachilendo, kenako n’kuyika mosamalitsa m’zotengera zachitsulo.

6. Makhalidwe Olawa:

Maonekedwe a tsamba louma: Mawonekedwe apadera a “zokhotakhota ngati duwa” (盘花卷曲) — tinthu ting’onoting’ono, osati ozungulira kwenikweni, koma okulungidwa molimba. Tiyi amafanana ndi mapepala ang’onoang’ono ozungulira. Pamwamba pake pali “chisanu” choyera pang’ono (披霜, pīshuāng), pomwe pansi pake akuwala mtundu wobiriwira wonyezimira wa emerald. Kukula kwa tinthu n’kofanana, kamangidwe kake n’kolimba ndi kwaudongo (紧结匀净).
Fungo la tsamba louma: Loyera, latsopano, ndi kamvekedwe kowonekera ka castnut (栗香, lìxiāng). Kwa tiyi wochokera ku dera lachisanu cha Fùzhī Shān, pangakhale fungo lotchedwa “fungo lozizira” (冷香, lěngxiāng) — kamvekedwe kochepa ka mchere ka kuzizira.
Fungo la mphamvu: Lamphamvu ndi lokwanira (浓爽, nóngshuǎng). Kamvekedwe ka castnut kamalamulira, kowonjezeredwa ndi kutsitsimuka koyera kwa “zobiriwira”. M’mabatch apamwamba, fungo limakhala lalitali komanso losatha.
Kukoma: Kutsekemera, kokwanira (醇厚, chúnhòu), komanso kwatsopano ndi kosangalatsa (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng). Mu kukoma kwake kumaonekera kuzama kokhazikika (浓醇, nóngchún), chifukwa cha kuumbika kolimba: tiyi amamasula pang’onopang’ono, kupereka zinthu zake mwaubwino. Huígān (回甘, kutsekemera kobwerera) — n’kwachangu komanso koonekera. Kuwawa ndi kuluma n’kochepera kwambiri ngati waphikidwa moyenera.
Mtundu wa mphamvu: Wobiriwira wachikasu, wowala ndi woonekera bwino (黄明清澈, huáng míng qīngchè), ndi kunyezimira pang’ono.
Pansi pa tiyi (tsamba lophikidwa): Mtundu wachikasu wofewa (嫩黄, nènhuáng), masamba amamasuka kukhala “timagulu tating’ono” (成朵, chéng duǒ), nsonga za kamphukira zimaonekera bwino (芽锋显露). Kapangidwe ka tsamba kamaonetsa kusamalidwa bwino ndi manja popanda kupsyinjika kwa makina.

7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:

Polyphenols (茶多酚): Mulingo mu tsamba louma pafupifupi 18–22% — wochepa bwino kwa tiyi wobiriwira, zomwe zikufotokozera kuwawa ndi kuluma kochepa. Ma catechins ofunika: EGCG, ECG, EGC, EC. Mphamvu ya antioxidant ya ma catechins a Huī bái, malinga ndi magwero, ndi yoposa 10 kuposa ya vitamini E.
Amino asidi (氨基酸): Chifukwa cha malo okwera, nkhungu zambiri, ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha, mulingo wa amino asidi omasuka ndi wokwera — kwa kukolola kwa m’chisanu kwa kalasi yapamwamba ≥ 4%. L-theanine (L-茶氨酸) ndi yomwe ili yochuluka, zomwe zimapereka “kutsekemera kwatsopano” ndi kumasula.
Caffeine (咖啡碱): Mulingo wofanana ndi wa tiyi wina wobiriwira — pafupifupi 2.5–3.5% ya kulemera kwa tsamba louma. Kugwirizana kwa caffeine ndi L-theanine kumapereka mphamvu yofewa, yofanana yatsopano popanda chisangalalo choopsya.
Mavitamini: Amakhala vitamini C (ascorbic acid), mavitamini a gulu B (B₁, B₂), vitamini E, vitamini K. Vitamini C imasungidwa pang’ono chifukwa cha kusavunda kochepa panthawi yopangira.
Michere: Fluoride (mlingo pafupifupi 200 ppm, zomwe zimathandiza kuteteza enamel ya mano), potaziyamu, zinc, manganese, selemiyamu (chinthu chochepa chodziwika m’dothi la dera lachisanu cha Fùzhī Shān).
Mafuta osankhika ndi zonunkhira: Fungo la castnut limapangidwa ndi ma pyrazines ndi ma furan compounds, omwe amapangika panthawi ya huíguō yaitali. “Fungo lozizira” la tiyi wa m’dothi lachisanu likhoza kukhala logwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa terpene alcohols (linalool, geraniol).

8. Ubwino Wathanzi:

Chitetezo cha antioxidant: Kuchuluka kwa ma catechins, makamaka EGCG, kumapereka chitetezo champhamvu ku ma free radicals ndi chitetezo cha ma cell ku kupsinjika kwa oxidative.
Kutsitsimutsa mofewa ndi kusinkhasinkha: Kuphatikiza kwa caffeine ndi L-theanine kumapereka kusefukira kofanana, kodekha kwa kumveka bwino popanda nkhaŵa — zotsatira zomwe nthawi zambiri amafotokozedwa monga “malingaliro oyera”.
Kuthandizira kagayidwe kachakudya: Ma catechins, makamaka EGCG, amathandizira kuthamanga kwa lipid ndipo angathandize kukhazikika kwa kolesterolo m’magazi.
Kuteteza mano: Kuchuluka kwa fluoride (pafupifupi 200 ppm) kumalepheretsa ntchito ya mabakiteriya oyambitsa kung’amba mano ndi kulimbitsa enamel ya mano.
Kuthandizira chakudya: Matannins ochepa amalimbikitsa kuyenda kwa matumbo ndi kutulutsa madzi a m’mimba. Tiyiyi ndi yabwino kutsagana ndi chakudya.
Mseri wa magazi: Ma polyphenols amathandizira kuti mitsempha ikhale yosalala ndipo angachepetse chiopsezo cha atherosclerosis.
Kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi: Vitamini C ndi ma polyphenols pamodzi amapereka mphamvu yolimbikitsa thupi lonse.
Zosayenela: Sikoyenera kumwa m’mimba mopanda kanthu chifukwa chakuti ma tannins angayambe kukwiyitsa khungu la m’mimba. Ngati mungakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi caffeine, ndi bwino kumwa kumene m’mamawa.

9. Kuphika:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 80–90°C. Mitundu yapamwamba (特级) imamasuka bwino pa 80–85°C; kugwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kwambiri n’kosayenela — kumawononga chlorophyll ndi kupangitsa mphamvu kukhala yachikasu komanso kuwawa kowopsa.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3 g pa 150 ml (chiwerengero 1:50). Kwa gàiwǎn m’njira ya gōngfū: 5–6 g pa 100–120 ml.
Zombo: Galasi loyera (玻璃杯, bōlí bēi) — ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri, chomwe chimapereka mwayi wowonera kutambasuka pang’onopang’ono kwa tinthu. Gàiwǎn ya porcelain (盖碗) yophikira m’njira ya gōngfū. Teapot ya galasi kapena ya porcelain.
Njira:
1. Tenthetsa zombo ndi madzi otentha, tsanulani.
2. Ikani tiyi. Kwa galasi loyera, njira ya “fēnduàn chōngpào” (分段冲泡, kuphika m’zigawo) ndi yovomerezeka: choyamba tsanulani gawo limodzi mwa atatu la voliyumu, dikirani masekondi 20–30, kenako dzazani mpaka mokwanira.
3. Kuphika koyamba — masekondi 30; m’galasi mungamwe osadikira kuti tinthu tonse titambasuke (apo ayi, mphamvu ingakhale yoluma).
4. Kuchokera pa kuphika kwachiwiri mpaka kumene kuli kochinayi, wonjezerani masekondi 10 pa kuphika kulikonse.
5. Chiwerengero cha mitsinje: 4–6, tiyi amakhala wolimba chifukwa cha kuumbika kolimba. M’njira ya gōngfū — mpaka mitsinje 6–8 ya masekondi 10–20 ndikuwonjezera pang’onopang’ono.
6. Tiyi wochokera ku dera lachisanu cha Fùzhī Shān ndi wabwino kuphikira m’madzi ozizira (冷泡, lěng pào): 3–5 g pa 500 ml ya madzi ozizira, kusungira maola 4–8 m’firiji.
Chofunika: Mphamvu yomalizidwa ikulimbikitsidwa kumwa mkati mwa mphindi 30–60 — kusungidwa kwaitali kumabweretsa kuluma koposa ndi kutaya kwa kutsitsimuka kwa fungo.

10. Kusunga:

Mikhalidwe: Zotengera zosindikizidwa (makamaka thumba la zojambulidwa kapena la vacuum mkati mwa chidebe chachitsulo kapena cha malata). Chitetezo ku kuwala, chinyezi, fungo lachilendo, ndi kutentha.
Kutentha: Mwabwino — m’firiji, 0–5°C ndi kusindikizidwa mwamphamvu. Kwa kumwa pano (mkati mwa miyezi 1–2) malo ozizira amdima pa kutentha kwa chipinda n’kovomerezeka.
Nthawi yosunga: Kukoma kopambana kumakhala mkati mwa miyezi 6–12 yoyambirira pambuyo popanga. Tiyi watsopanowo akulimbikitsidwa kugoneka masiku 10–15 m’thumba lotsekedwa pa kutentha kwa chipinda kuti “achotse moto” (褪火气, tuì huǒqì) asanamwe.
Upangiri wothandiza: Musakhale mukungotsegula chidebe chachikulu chosungiramo. Ndi bwino kusunga zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito pa sabata 1-2 m’kabokosi kakang’ono kosiyana, ndipo kuchuluka kwakukulu kusunge kosasunthika.

11. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga:

Mtengo: Mitundu yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi kalasi. Kalasi yapamwamba (特级, isanafike Gǔyǔ, kamuphukira kamodzi — tsamba limodzi) — kuyambira 800 yuan pa 500 g kupita m’mwamba. Kalasi yapakatikati (一级) — 300–600 yuan. Yokhazikika (二级) — 100–300 yuan. Mtengo umadalira kwambiri wopanga wake komanso kuyandikira kwa munda ku malo akale (midzi ya Quángǎng ndi Shàngwùshān).
Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:
- Kuyesa mawonekedwe: Huī bái yeniyeni ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera a “zokhotakhota ngati duwa” — osati ozungulira kwenikweni (mosiyana ndi Píngshuǐ zhūchá), koma “onga ozungulira, koma osati ozungulira”, ndi chisanu choyera choonekera. Ngati tinthu timakhala tosalala kwambiri ndi tonyezimira — ndi yomwe mwachizolowezi ndi tiyi wamba wa ngale.
- Kuyesa fungo: Kamvekedwe keni ka castnut (栗香) kamapangidwa kokha ndi huíguō yoyenera ya maola ambiri. Zonyenga nthawi zambiri zimanunkha “zokazinga” kapena za udzu.
- Kuyesa mphamvu: Iyenera kukhala yachikasu-wobiriwira, yoonekera bwino komanso yonyezimira. Mphamvu yamatope kapena yakuda kwambiri imasonyeza kusintha kwa zopangira kapena kuswa kwa njira.
- Kuyesa pansi pa tiyi: Masamba ayenera kumamasuka kukhala “timagulu tating’ono” ndi nsonga za kamuphukira zoonekera. Masamba okhwinyata, ong’ambika — ndi chizindikiro cha kombetsa ndi makina.
- Kusamala ndi mtengo: Tiyi wogulitsidwa monga “Shèngzhōu huī bái kalasi yapamwamba” pa mtengo wochepera 500 yuan pa jin, ndi mwayi waukulu kuti ndi yabodza kapena yosinthidwa ndi zopangira za m’madera oyandikana.

12. Zinthu Zochititsa Chidwi:

Akatswiri ambiri a mbiri ya tiyi amakhulupirira kuti Huī bái inali chitsanzo cha Píngshuǐ zhūchá — imodzi mwa tiyi zoyamba zobiriwira zotumizidwa kunja ku China, zomwe zinkatumizidwa ku Ulaya kudzera pa doko la Ningbo kuyambira nthawi ya Kāngxī (1662–1722). Píngshuǐ zhūchá inasintha kukhala yopindika mwaubwino mozungulira, pamene Huī bái anasungabe mawonekedwe akale, n’kukhala mtundu wa “chakale chamoyo” cha chikhalidwe cha tiyi cha Zhejiang.
Njira ya huíguō ya maola 3–4 ndi kutentha kukutsika pang’onopang’ono kuchokera pa 100°C kufika pa 30°C ilibe chofanana pakati pa tiyi zina zobiriwira — iyi ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zazitali koposa zopitirizidwa ndi manja pakupanga tiyi ku China.
Mudzi wa Quángǎng uli pa dothi lachisanu lakale la phiri la Fùzhī, lomwe zaka zake zimayerekezedwa zikwi zambiri. Dothi lapadera la “phulusa” la dera lachisanu limapereka kwa tiyi “fungo lozizira” lapadera, lomwe silimapezeka kwa tiyi zina za m’madera ena a Zhejiang.
Dzina la mudzi linasintha kangapo: Qiángāng (前岗/前冈) → Quángǎng (泉岗, kuyambira 2003 pambuyo pa kuphatikiza kwa maofesi). Pamodzi ndi mudzi, dzina la tiyi linasinthanso, zomwe zinabweretsa mitundu pafupifupi khumi yosiyana ya malembedwe m’Chitchaina, n’kukhala mutu wofufuza wa philology.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Zina Zobiriwira:

Píngshuǐ zhūchá (平水珠茶, Píngshuǐ Zhūchá): “M’bale” wapafupi komanso, mwina, mbadwa ya Huī bái. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti Zhūchá imapindidwa kukhala tinthu tating’ono tozungulira bwino, pamene Huī bái imapindidwa kukhala “mapale” osazungulira bwino ndi chisanu choyera. Zhūchá m’mbiri inali yopangira kutumiza kunja ndipo ili ndi maonekedwe okhazikika, koma osakhwima; Huī bái ndi tiyi ya akatswiri, ndi fungo la castnut lowonekera komanso kukoma kozama.
Xīhú Lóngjǐng (西湖龙井, Xīhú Lóngjǐng): Onse ndi tiyi zapamwamba zobiriwira za Zhejiang, koma m’njira ndi zosiyana kwambiri: Lóngjǐng ndi yophwanyika, yoponderezedwa m’poto, ndi fungo la nyemba-castnut ndi kapangidwe “kamafuta”. Huī bái ndi yozunguliridwa, ndi kapangidwe kokhazikika, kolemera komanso kumamasuka pang’onopang’ono.
Bìluóchūn (碧螺春, Bìluóchūn): Kupindika kozungulira kwa Bìluóchūn ndi kupindika kozungulira kwa Huī bái ndi njira ziwiri zosiyana za kuumba. Bìluóchūn ndi yopepuka komanso yofewa, ndi fungo la zipatso-maluwa; Huī bái ndi yolimba, yokwanira, ndi kamvekedwe ka castnut komanso mphamvu yokwanira kupsinjika mitsinje.
Yúnwù Chá (云雾茶, Yúnwù Chá): Tiyi za gulu la “mitambo-ndi-nkhungu” (mwachitsanzo, Lúshān Yúnwù, Tiāntáishān Yúnwùchá) zimenso m’malo a mitambo yambiri ndipo zimagawana ndi Huī bái mulingo wokwera wa amino asidi. Komabe, Yúnwù nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owongoka kapena osonga ndipo samapindika molimba, zomwe zimapereka maonekedwe opepuka, “amphepo”.

Pomaliza:

Shèngzhōu huī bái ndi tiyi ya iwo amene amayamikira mu tiyi wobiriwira osati kupepuka ndi kumwazika, koma kuzama ndi kukhazikika. Tinthu tating’ono tomezedwa, tophimbidwa ndi chisanu choyera, timamasula mu kapu mwaulesi, mtsinje ndi mtsinje n’kutulutsa fungo la castnut ndi kukoma kolemera, kwatsopano ndi kukoma kobwerera kwamphamvu. Kumbuyo kwa tintchona tinthu tili ntchito ya maola ambiri yamanja ya mbuye, atayima pa poto yopendekeka; kumbuyo kwa kamvekedwe kena kalikonse ka fungo lozizira — dothi lachisanu la phiri la Fùzhī ndi masiku mazana atatu a nkhungu pachaka. Uyu ndi mmodzi mwa otsiriza a mwambo wakale wa Zhejiang wa tiyi zobiriwira zozungulira — tiyi wokhala ndi mbiri, makhalidwe, ndi nkhope yake yomwe, yomwe ikuyenera chidwi chochuluka kuposa chimene imalandira kunja kwa dziko lawo kwawo.