Nsonga Yasiliva ya Phiri la Nüwa

Nsonga Yasiliva ya Phiri la Nüwa (女娲银峰, Nǚwā yín fēng) — ‘Nsonga Yasiliva ya [Phiri] la Nüwa’ — ndi tiyi wobiriwira wochokera ku dera la Pínglì (平利县, Pínglì Xiàn) mu mzinda wa Ānkāng (安康市, Ānkāng Shì), m’chigawo cha Shǎnxī (陕西省, Shǎnxī Shěng). Tiyi ameneyu amalimidwa paphiri la Nǚwāshān (女娲山, Nǚwāshān) — malo opatulika okhudzana ndi mmodzi mwa anthu ofunika kwambiri mu nthano za ku China: mulungu wamkazi Nǚwā (女娲, Nǚwā), yemwe, malinga ndi nthano, anakonza thambo ndi miyala ya mitundu isanu (五色石, wǔsè shí) ndi kuwumba anthu kuchokera ku dongo lachikasu. Kununkhira kwa tiyi kuli ndi mawu a mchere, omwe amatchedwa mwa ndakatulo ‘kupumira kwa miyala ya mitundu isanu’ (五色石矿物气息) — kakang’ono ka sandalwood kamene kamachokera ku dothi la granite la phiri la Nǚwā. Tiyiyo adalandira mendulo ya golide ya World Green Tea Evaluation (世界绿茶评比金奖, 2022), chizindikiritso cha Geographical Indication cha China (2007), udindo wa Chikhalidwe Chosakhwimitsidwa cha Shǎnxī, ndi dzina lachipongwe ‘Mfumukazi ya Tiyi’ (茶中仙子, Chá zhōng Xiānzǐ). Mulingo wa selenium ndi 2.26 ppm — kuwirikiza katatu kuposa tiyi wobiriwira wamba, ndipo dera la Pínglì lili mu Biosphere Reserve ya UNESCO (联合国世界人与自然生物圈保护区). Chizindikiro chake chachikulu — kununkhira kwa orchid-sandalwood (兰花香 + 隐现檀香): orchid yochokera mu chifunga cha m’mapiri, sandalwood — kuchokera ku ‘miyala ya Nǚwā’.

1. Kusankhidwa ndi Chiyambi:

• Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, lǜchá), wosaphika. Maonekedwe — ‘singano ya siliva’ (形若银针, xíng ruò yínzhēn): wowongoka, wozungulira, pang’ono wophwanyika, ndi mbewu zambiri za siliva. Mitundu itatu ya nyengo: ‘Míngqián Dānyá Yínfēng’ (明前单芽银峰) — ya chaka, mphukira imodzi; ‘Gǔyǔ Cuìfēng’ (谷雨翠峰) — kututa kwa Gǔyǔ, mphukira imodzi + tsamba limodzi; ‘Qiūyùn Yínfēng’ (秋韵银峰) — ya m’dzinja, mphukira imodzi + masamba awiri, ndi kamvekedwe ka ‘miyala ya mitundu isanu’.

• Gulu: Chizindikiro cha Geographical Indication cha China (国家地理标志保护产品, 2007). Chikhalidwe Chosakhwimitsidwa cha Chigawo cha Shǎnxī (陕西省非物质文化遗产). Mendulo ya golide ya World Green Tea Evaluation (世界绿茶评比金奖, 2022). Mendulo ya golide ya West China Tea Expo (2002). Mendulo ya golide ya Panama Exhibition (2013, monga gawo la ‘Hànzhōng Xiānmáo’). Mendulo ya golide ya ‘Zhōngchábēi’ (中茶杯, 2022). Ili mu ‘Top-100 Yam’madzi Odziwika a China.’ Yothandizidwa ndi Se. Dzina lachipongwe — ‘Mfumukazi ya Tiyi’ (茶中仙子). Chizindikiro cha ‘Pínglì Nǚwā Chá’ (平利女娲茶) mu 2021 chidayesedwa pamtengo wa 2.454 biliyoni ya yuan.

• Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Shǎnxī (陕西省), mzinda wa Ānkāng (安康市), dera la Pínglì (平利县). Phiri la Nǚwāshān (女娲山). Kummawa kwa mapiri a Qínbā (秦巴山脉东段, Qínbā Shānmài), m’mphepete mwa mtsinje wa Hànjiāng (汉江, Hànjiāng) ndi mtsinje wake wa Nánhé (南河).

• Malo a Geography: Pafupifupi 32°22′ N, 109°21′ E.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:

• Chiyambi cha dzina. ‘Nǚwā’ (女娲, Nǚwā) ndi dzina la mulungu wamkazi wopanga, mmodzi mwa anthu ofunika kwambiri mu nthano za China. ‘Yín Fēng’ (银峰, Yín Fēng) amatanthauza ‘nsonga ya siliva’: kuloza ku mbewu za siliva pa mphukira za tiyi komanso nsonga za mapiri a Nǚwāshān. Choncho, dzina limatanthauza ‘Nsonga Yasiliva ya [Phiri] la Mulungu Wamkazi Nǚwā’.

• Nthawi ya Táng ndi ‘gòngchá’. Kulima tiyi ku dera la Pínglì kudziwika kuyambira nthawi ya Táng (唐, 618–907), pamene derali linali m’gulu la zigawo zisanu ndi zitatu zazikulu za tiyi mu ufumuwo. Mu nthawi ya Qīng (乾隆, 1735–1796), ‘Sānlǐyà Máojiān’ (三里垭毛尖, Sānlǐyà Máojiān) wa m’deralo anakhala ‘gòngchá’ — tiyi wopereka msonkho ku bwalo la mfumu, kukhazikitsa mbiri ya tiyi wa Pínglì monga ‘贡茶之乡’ (dziko la tiyi wamsonkho).

• Kupangidwa kwa ‘Nǚwā Yínfēng’. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1900, gulu la asayansi ndi akatswiri a tiyi a m’deralo linapanga tiyi watsopano, wophatikiza zipangizo za m’mapiri ndi luso la makina ndi ntchito yomaliza ya manja (提毫, tíháo — ‘kukweza ubweya’). Tiyiyo idatchedwa dzina la phiri la Nǚwāshān — malo opatulika omwe, malinga ndi nthano, mulungu wamkazi anakonzera thambo.

• Kuzindikiridwa padziko lonse. 2002 — mendulo ya golide ya West China Tea Expo. 2007 — kupeza chizindikiritso cha Geographical Indication cha China. 2013 — mendulo ya golide ya Panama Exhibition (monga mbali ya ‘Hànzhōng Xiānmáo’). 2022 — mendulo ya golide ya World Green Tea Evaluation (世界绿茶评比金奖) — kuzindikiridwa kwakukulu kwapadziko lonse kwa tiyi wobiriwira. M’chaka chomwecho — mendulo ya golide ya ‘Zhōngchábēi’ (中茶杯). Chizindikiro cha ‘Pínglì Nǚwā Chá’ chidayesedwa pamtengo wa 2.454 biliyoni ya yuan (2021).

• Kukula kwa mafakitale. Pakadali pano, m’boma la Pínglì muli maofesi 11 a kulima tiyi mwa 11, aliyense ali ndi bwalo la tiyi loposa mahekitala 667 (10,000 mu); mwa midzi 137 ya maofesi, 55 ndi ‘midzi ya tiyi’ yapadera yokhala ndi mahekitala opitilira 667. Dera lonse la minda ya tiyi ndi ya jiǎogǔlán — 25 万亩 (250,000 mu, pafupifupi 16,700 ha). Kupanga pachaka — pafupifupi matani 13,900, mtengo wonse — kupitilira 15.5 biliyoni ya yuan. Mabanja opitilira 10,000 akugwira nawo ntchito za tiyi, ndipo ndalama zowonjezera pa munthu aliyense kuchokera ku tiyi ndi 1,565 yuan. Bomalo lidalandira dzina la ‘全国绿茶重点产区’ (‘Dera Lofunika la Tiyi Wobiriwira la China’, 2025).

• Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe. Nǚwā (女娲) ndi mmodzi mwa anthu akale kwambiri mu nthano za China: mulungu wamkazi wopanga, yemwe anakonza thambo ndi miyala ya mitundu isanu ndi kuwumba anthu kuchokera ku dongo lachikasu. Mwamuna wake ndi Fúxī (伏羲, Fúxī), yemwe adalenga zithunzi zitatu za ‘Yì Jīng’ (《易经》). Phiri la Nǚwāshān ku Pínglì ndi malo opatulika omwe, malinga ndi nthano, mulungu wamkazi anachitira mphamvu zake. Pansi pa phirili pali mabwinja a ‘Guānyà gǔchángchéng’ (关垭古长城) — mabwinja a khoma la dziko la Chǔ, okhala ndi zaka pafupifupi 2,700, lakale kwambiri ku China. Dzina lachipongwe la tiyi — ‘茶中仙子’ (‘Mfumukazi ya Tiyi’) — limatsindika kukhalapo kwa nthano. Dera la Pínglì ndinso kwawo kwa ‘píngxián’ (平利弦子戏), masewero a zidole a mthunzi, omwe ali pa mndandanda wa Chikhalidwe Chosakhwimitsidwa cha Shǎnxī.

3. Kufotokoza za Mitundu ya Zomera ndi Zipangizo:

• Mtundu / Cultivar: Woyamba — Pínglì Qúntǐzhǒng (平利群体种, Pínglì Qúntǐzhǒng) — mtundu wamba wa m’deralo, wa Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. Mtundu wa chitsamba (灌木型, guànmù xíng). Tsamba — kuchokera ku elliptical mpaka ‘msondodzi’ (柳叶形). Kukula msanga, kusalala kwa chisanu. Mitundu ina: Lóngjǐng 43 (龙井43号) ndi Fúdǐng Dàbái Chá (福鼎大白茶). Kaundula wa biochemical: polyphenols — 22.1–25%, amino asidi — 3.86–5.2%, selenium — kwambiri kuposa mlingo wamba (2.26 ppm mu tiyi wokonzedwa; mu dothi — 0.35–3.85 mg/kg, kuwirikiza katatu kuposa mlingo wamba).

• Kututa: Kumayambiriro kwa chaka (明前, Míngqián — pamaso pa Qīngmíng; 谷雨, Gǔyǔ — pamaso pa Gǔyǔ), chaka chatha, ndi m’dzinja. Kumayambiriro kwa chaka ndiyo yofunika kwambiri.

• Magredi:

  • Wapadera ‘Yùháo’ (玉毫, Yùháo): Mphukira imodzi (单芽, dānyá), 90%+ mphukira zoyera, utali 1.5–2.0 cm. Maonekedwe — ‘singano ya siliva’. Mbweu zambiri. Kununkhira kosalala, kutsitsimuka kwakukulu.
  • Woyamba ‘Yúnfēng’ (云峰, Yúnfēng): Mphukira imodzi + tsamba limodzi lotseguka pang’ono (一芽一叶初展), ≥90%. Kununkhira kwa mtedza ndi orchid.
  • Wachiŵiri ‘Cuìhuá’ (翠华, Cuìhuá): Mphukira imodzi + masamba awiri. Kukoma kolimba, mbewu zochepa.

4. Malo Olima ndi Zinthu Zina:

• Nyengo: Mapiri a Qínbā (秦巴山脉) ndi malire pakati pa kumpoto ndi kumwera kwa China, malo osinthira kuchokera ku nyengo ya subtropical kupita ku temperate. Kutentha kwapachaka — 14–16°C. Mvula — pafupifupi 900 mm pachaka (koma mu nyengo ya kukula, Epulo–Seputembala, — kupitilira 1,000 mm). Mitambo — 65–85%, zomwe zimapereka kuwala kofalikira ndi kusachedwa kwa photosynthesis. Nkhalango zokutira — 76%.

• Kutalika: Minda yayikulu ya tiyi — pa 400–800 m. Malo apakati a kupanga — 600–1,500 m, dera la kusonkhanitsa kwambiri Se ndi zinthu zonunkhira.

• Dothi: Granite acidic brown (花岗岩酸性棕壤, pH 4.5–5.5). Mulingo wa organic matter >1.5%. Selenium mu dothi — 0.35–3.85 mg/kg, kuwirikiza katatu kuposa momwe zimakhalira ku China. Dera la Pínglì lili mu ‘selenium belt’ (富硒带, fùxī dài) — chinthu chachilendo cha geochemical chomwe chili kumwera kwa Shǎnxī mpaka kumpoto kwa Húběi.

• Zachilengedwe: Derali lili mu Biosphere Reserve ya UNESCO (联合国人与自然生物圈保护区). Palibe mafakitale olemera. Makampani 26 a tiyi m’derali ali ndi satifiketi ya organic, 12 — satifiketi ya ‘Good Agricultural Practice’ (GAP), 64 — ziphaso za SC. Makampani onse opitilira 170 m’derali ali ndi dongosolo la kutsata mtundu wa zipatso.

5. Ukadaulo Wopanga:

Ukadaulo wa Nǚwā Yín Fēng umaphatikiza makina onse a magawo akulu ndi ‘提毫’ (kukweza ubweya) wamanja — ntchito yomaliza yapadera. Kwa tiyi wa m’dzinja, ‘三层焙火’ (sāncéng bèihuǒ) amagwiritsidwa ntchito — kuwotcha kwa magawo atatu mosiyanasiyana, kupanda fanizo mu kupanga tiyi wobiriwira.

• Kuyanika (摊晾, tān liáng): Masamba atsopano amayalidwa pa zinsalu za nsungwi. Nthawi — maola 12 — imodzi mwa nthawi zazitali kwambiri pakati pa tiyi wobiriwira waku China. Njirayi imatchedwa mwachindunji ‘kuyanika kwamitambo’ (云雾摊晾, yúnwù tān liáng). Kufota kwanthawi yayitali pa kutentha kwa m’mapiri kumayambitsa kupangidwa kwa zinthu zonunkhira, zomwe zimapanga mbiri ya orchid.

• ‘Kupha zobiriwira’ (杀青, shāqīng): Mng’anjo wozungulira pa 140°C — wotsika kuposa tiyi wambiri wobiriwira (wamba 200–300°C), zomwe zimasunga kwambiri ma amino asidi ndi zinthu zokhudza Se.

• Kuzizira kwa mphepo (清风摊凉, qīngfēng tān liáng): Kuzizira mwachangu kwa tsamba lokonzedwa ndi mpweya, kuteteza ‘kuphikidwa mopitirira’ ndi kutaya kununkhira kosalala.

• Kuumba (整形, zhěngxíng): Makina ogwira ntchito zambiri pa 100°C. Kuphwanya pang’ono kuti asunge mawonekedwe a ‘singano’ (圆直似针). Kukanikiza kwambiri sikuloledwa — tsamba liyenera kukhala lathunthu ndi chopindika.

• ‘Kukweza ubweya’ (提毫, tíháo): 90–100°C. Ntchito yamanja — katswiri amazunguliza kuti atulutse ubweya wa siliva pamwamba pa mphukira. Ndi gawo limeneli lomwe limapatsa tiyi mawonekedwe ake a ‘siliva’ ndikupanga ‘kuzungulira kwa golide kuchokera ku ubweya’ (金色毫晕, jīnsè háoyùn) mu chops.

• Kuzizira → kuumitsa komaliza (足干, zúgān): 70–80°C mpaka chinyezi chotsalira ≤6%.

• Kuwotcha kwa magawo atatu kwa tiyi wa m’dzinja (三层焙火, sāncéng bèihuǒ): Ukadaulo wapadera wokometsera ndi utsi — magawo atatu a nkhuni: nkhuni za paini (松柴) → makala a nsungwi (竹炭) → mlonga (艾草, àicǎo). Gawo lirilonse limapereka fungo lake: paini — mawu a utomoni, nsungwi — kuyera kwa mchere, mlonga — mawu a udzu. Zotsatira — tiyi wa m’dzinja wokhala ndi kamvekedwe kofala ka ‘miyala ya mitundu isanu’.

6. Makhalidwe a Kununkhira ndi Kumva:

• Maonekedwe a masamba owuma: ‘Singano za siliva’ zowongoka (圆直似针, yuánzhí sì zhēn), zophwanyika pang’ono, zofanana (微扁匀齐). Ubweya wambiri wa siliva umaphimba pamwamba pa mphukira iliyonse. Mtundu — wobiriwira wa emerald ndi kuwala kwa siliva.

• Kununkhira kwa masamba owuma: ‘Kosalala’ (嫩香, nèn xiāng) — kwakukulu. Kwa mtedza (栗香) — kwa giredi yoyamba. Orchid (兰花香, lánhuā xiāng) — kakang’ono, kamene kamawonekera pamene chikho chikutenthedwa.

• Kununkhira kwa chops: Kosanjikiza. Choyamba — orchid (兰花香), chapakati — mtedza, chotsalira — ‘sandalwood yobisika’ (隐现檀香, yǐnxiàn tánxiāng) — mawu a mchere, omwe amafotokozedwa mwachindunji monga ‘kupumira kwa miyala ya mitundu isanu ya Nǚwā’ (五色石矿物气息). Orchid — kuchokera ku chifunga cha m’mapiri, sandalwood — kuchokera ku dothi la granite.

• Kukoma: Kwatsopano (鲜爽, xiānshuǎng) — chizindikiro chachikulu. Kolimba (醇厚, chúnhòu) — zotsatira za polyphenols 22.1%. ‘Koterera’ (甘滑, gānhuá) — mawonekedwe a silika pa lilime. Kukoma kotsatira (回甘). Kumva kotsalira — kwanthawi yayitali, ndi mawu a mchere.

• Mtundu wa chops: Wobiriwira wosalala, wowala ndi wamkati, ‘monga yasipili’ (清澈如翡翠, qīngchè rú fěicuì). Chinthu chodziwika — kuzungulira kwa golide kuchokera ku ubweya (泛金色毫晕, fàn jīnsè háoyùn): tinthu tating’onoting’ono ta ubweya toyimitsidwa mu chops timapanga kuwala kwa golide poyang’ana moyang’anizana ndi kuwala.

• Pansi pa tiyi (tsamba lophikidwa): Lofewa, ‘monga maluwa’ (成朵, chéng duǒ), lobiriwira lachikasu, lofewa. Mphukira zosweka, zotanuka.

7. Kaundula wa Mankhwala:

• Selenium (Se): 2.26 ppm mu tiyi wokonzedwa — kuwirikiza katatu kuposa tiyi wobiriwira wamba. Gwero — ‘selenium belt’ ya mapiri a Qínbā (0.35–3.85 mg Se/kg dothi). Selenium ndi antioxidant yamphamvu, yomwe imagwira ntchito yoteteza ma membrane a cell, kuwongolera ntchito ya chithokomiro ndi chiwindi.

• Polyphenols: 22.1% (malinga ndi opanga — mpaka 25%). Zigawo zazikulu — catechins, kuphatikiza EGCG. Mulingo wokwera kwa tiyi wa m’mapiri — umachitika chifukwa cha dothi lolemera ndi Se ndi kuwala kokwanira kwa mapiri akumwera kwa Bāshān.

• Amino asidi: 3.86% (giredi ya ‘Yúnfēng’). Kwa giredi ya ‘Yùháo’ (mphukira zokha za kututa koyambirira) — mpaka 5.2%. Yayikulu — L-theanine.

• Caffeine: 2–4% (wamba kwa tiyi wobiriwira). Pogwirizana ndi L-theanine kumapereka kudzutsidwa kosalala.

• Mavitamini: Vitamini C (wosungidwa chifukwa cha kutentha kwapang’onopang’ono pa 140°C), mavitamini B₁, B₂, E, carotenoids.

• Mchere: Zinc, potaziyamu, manganese — kuchokera ku dothi la granite. Selenium yochuluka — chizindikiro chapadera.

• Mafuta ofunikira: Terpenes ndi phenolic mankhwala, omwe amapanga mbiri ya orchid-sandalwood. Kuyanika kwa maola 12 pa kutentha kozizira kumakulitsa kwambiri mapangidwe a linalool ndi geraniol (zigawo za orchid), ndipo dothi la granite limapereka mawu a mchere.

8. Ubwino Wathanzi:

• Kuwonjezera kwa Se (×3). Selenium mu mawonekedwe a bioavailable imagwira ntchito yoteteza antioxidant (glutathione peroxidase), kuwongolera chithokomiro, ndi kuthandizira chiwindi. Makapu aŵiri kapena atatu a Nǚwā Yín Fēng patsiku amapereka gawo lalikulu la zosowa za Se za tsiku.

• Ntchito ya antioxidant. Ma polyphenols ochuluka (22.1%) + selenium = kawiri kawiri dongosolo la antioxidant. EGCG imatulutsa ma free radicals; Se imalimbitsa chitetezo cha enzyme.

• Kukhala ndi mphamvu. Caffeine yogwirizana ndi L-theanine — kudzuka kosalala, kukonza kuganizira popanda nkhawa.

• Kuthandiza chiwindi. Selenium ndi catechins zimasonyeza chitetezo cha chiwindi, kuthandiza kuchotsa poizoni.

• Kuthandizira mtima ndi mitsempha. Polyphenols amachepetsa LDL, amawongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi. Selenium imagwira ntchito yoteteza kuonongeka kwa mitsempha ndi okosijeni.

• Kuthandizira ubongo. L-theanine imalimbikitsa mafunde a alpha mu ubongo, kukonza chisamaliro ndi kukumbukira.

• Kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi. Selenium + zinc + EGCG — chitetezo chachitatu cha chitetezo cha mthupi.

• Ntchito yoletsa mabakiteriya. Catechins imasonyeza kuchita kwa bacteriostatic m’kamwa.

9. Kuphikira:

• Kutentha kwa madzi: 80°C (沸水晾3分钟, ‘ziziziritsa madzi otentha kwa mphindi 3’).

• Mlingo wa tiyi: 3 g pa 150 ml.

• Ziwiya: ‘Chikho cha Fúxī’ (伏羲式玻璃杯, Fúxī shì bōlíbēi) — chikho cha galasi, chotchedwa dzina la Fúxī — mwamuna wa Nǚwā ndi yemwe adalenga zithunzi zitatu za ‘Yì Jīng’. Nkhani yamphongo yokwatirana — mu chikho chimodzi. Njira ina — ziwiya zakuda za m’deralo (本地黑陶碗, běndì hēi táo wǎn).

• Ndondomeko:

  1. Tenthetsa chikho ndi madzi otentha, tsanulani.
  2. Lowetsani 3 g ya tiyi.
  3. Njira ya ‘kuthira pakati’ (先注水1/3摇香，再注满): ikani madzi pa 1/3 ya voliyumu, gwedezani pang’ono chikho kuti mutulutse fungo (摇香, yáo xiāng), kenako tsanulani madzi mpaka odzaza.
  4. Kuphika koyamba — mphindi 2 (kwanthawi yayitali kuposa tiyi wambiri wobiriwira — kuti atulutse mokwanira mbiri ya orchid-sandalwood).
  5. Kuphika kotsatira kulikonse — +15 sekondi.
  6. 3–5 mphika. Giredi yapamwamba ‘Yùháo’ imatha kupirira mpaka 5 kuthira.

• Kuphika kozizira: 3 g + 500 ml madzi a mchere, maola 4 mufiriji. Zotsatira — chakumwa chotsitsimula chokhala ndi kutsekemera komveka ndi kamvekedwe kochepa ka sandalwood. Amwe pakatha maola 24 — selenium imasanduka oxidize ikakhala ndi mpweya kwautali.

10. Kusunga:

• Zinthu: Paketi yotsekedwa, mufiriji 0–5°C. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti Se isungidwe mu mawonekedwe ake ogwira ntchito.
• Adani a tiyi: Chinyezi, kuwala, fungo lachilendo, okosijeni (Se imasanduka oxidize).
• Nthawi yovomerezeka: miyezi 12–18 ngati yasungidwa bwino. Kuphika kozizira — amwe pakatha maola 24.
• Chizindikiro: Selenium mu tiyi imapezeka makamaka mu mawonekedwe a organic (selenomethionine, selenocysteine), yomwe imapezeka mosavuta m’thupi, koma imatchuka kwambiri ndi okosijeni kuposa mawonekedwe a inorganic. Chifukwa chake, kwa Nǚwā Yín Fēng, kutsekedwa kwa paketi ndi kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi mpweya ndikofunika kwambiri — zinthu zokhudza Se zimasokonekera mwachangu kuposa polyphenols kapena amino asidi. Paketi yotsegulidwa ikuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa miyezi iwiri.

11. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga:

• Mlingo wa mtengo: Giredi ya ‘Yùháo’ (特级) — kuyambira 800 yuan pa 500 g. ‘Yúnfēng’ (一级) — 400–800 yuan. ‘Cuìhuá’ (二级) — 200–400 yuan. ‘Qiūyùn Yínfēng’ wa m’dzinja wokhala ndi kuwotcha kwa magawo atatu — mtundu wina wa mtengo.

• Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:

  • Gulani zinthu zokhala ndi chizindikiro cha GI ‘女娲银峰’ ndi chizindikiro cha ‘平利女娲茶’.
  • Chiyeso chachikulu cha mawonekedwe: ‘金色毫晕’ (kuzungulira kwa golide kuchokera ku ubweya) mu chops — zonyenga zilibe.
  • Chiyeso cha kununkhira: ‘隐现檀香’ (sandalwood yobisika) mu fungo — ndi kamvekedwe kodziwika, kochokera ku dothi la granite la phiri la Nǚwāshān. Popanda icho — si Nǚwā Yín Fēng.
  • Maonekedwe: ‘singano za siliva’ zenizeni — zowongoka, zozungulira, ndi ubweya wambiri. Zonyenga — zophwanyika, zosalimba, zopanda ubweya.
  • Mtengo wochepa kwambiri: giredi ya ‘Yùháo’ siyingakhale yotsika mtengo kuposa 500 yuan pa 500 g.

12. Zinthu Zochititsa Chidwi:

• Mulungu wamkazi Nǚwā ndi ‘miyala ya mitundu isanu’. Phiri la Nǚwāshān ndi malo omwe, malinga ndi nthano, mulungu wamkazi anakonzera thambo ndi miyala ya mitundu isanu (五色石). Kamvekedwe ka mchere mu fungo la tiyi — mawu a sandalwood, ochokera ku dothi la granite — amafotokozedwa mwachindunji monga ‘kupumira kwa miyala ya Nǚwā’. Kugwirizana kwa nthano ndi malo — nkodziwika padziko lonse la tiyi.

• Chikho cha Fúxī. Wopanga amalimbikitsa kuphika mu chikho cha galasi cha mtundu wa ‘伏羲式’ — kutchula kwa Fúxī (伏羲), mwamuna wa Nǚwā ndi yemwe adalenga zithunzi zitatu za ‘Yì Jīng’. Nkhani yamphongo yokwatirana — mwamuna ndi mkazi — imakumananso mu chikho chilichonse.

• Golide ya World Green Tea (2022). Kuzindikiridwa kwakukulu kwapadziko lonse kwa tiyi wobiriwira. M’chaka chomwecho — golide ya ‘Zhōngchábēi’ (中茶杯), mpikisano wakale kwambiri wadziko (kuyambira 1994). Golide ziwiri m’chaka chimodzi — ndi zosowa kwa tiyi wa m’deralo.

• ‘Kuwotcha katatu’ (三层焙火). Paini → makala a nsungwi → mlonga — kuwotcha kwa utsi wamagawo atatu kwa tiyi wa m’dzinja. Ukadaulo wolibe fanizo mu kupanga tiyi wobiriwira — fanizo lapafupi ndi kuwotcha kwa oolong ya Wǔyí, koma kumeneko amagwiritsa makala amtengo umodzi wokha.

• Se 2.26 ppm × 3. Selenium yochokera ku dothi la Biosphere Reserve ya UNESCO. ‘Selenium belt’ ya mapiri a Qínbā ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu za geochemical ku China, kuyambira kumwera kwa Shǎnxī mpaka kumpoto kwa Húběi.

• Maola 12 a kuyanika. ‘Kuyanika kwamitambo’ (云雾摊晾) — chimodzi mwazitali kwambiri pakupanga tiyi wobiriwira. Poyerekeza: Lóngjǐng — maola 6–10, Bì Luó Chūn — maola 3–4.

• Khoma la Chǔ pansi pa minda ya tiyi. Pansi pa phiri la Nǚwāshān pali mabwinja a ‘Guānyà gǔchángchéng’ — mabwinja a khoma la ufumu wa Chǔ, zaka pafupifupi 2,700, lakale kwambiri mwa ‘makoma aatali’ a China. Tiyi ndi khoma lakale — paphiri limodzi.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wina Wobiriwira:

• Zǐyáng Máojiān (紫阳毛尖, Zǐyáng Máojiān): Tiyi winanso wolemera ndi Se wochokera ku Ānkāng. Wokhala ndi ubweya, watsopano. Amasiyana ndi Nǚwā Yín Fēng m’maonekedwe (wopindika vs. wa singano), wopanda kamvekedwe ka sandalwood, ndi kamvekedwe kochepa ka orchid.

• Ēnshī Yùlù (恩施玉露, Ēnshī Yùlù): Tiyi wobiriwira wolemera ndi Se wochokera ku Húběi, wophikidwa ndi nthunzi (蒸青). Nǚwā Yín Fēng ndi wotenthedwa (炒青/烘青), zomwe zimapereka mbiri yosiyana: mtedza-orchid vs. nyanja-udzu kwa Yùlù.

• Huángshān Máofēng (黄山毛峰, Huángshān Máofēng): Wokhala ndi ubweya, fungo la orchid, kutalika 700–1,800 m. Mbiri yofanana ya orchid, koma popanda kamvekedwe ka sandalwood ndi popanda kuonjezera kwa Se. Nǚwā Yín Fēng — wokhala ndi mchere kwambiri.

• Xìnyáng Máojiān (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máojiān): Wokhala ndi ubweya, watsopano, wokhala ndi kuwawa pang’ono. Polyphenols — 18–25%. Nǚwā Yín Fēng ali ndi mulingo wofanana wa polyphenols, koma wophatikiza ndi Se ndi kamvekedwe kapadera ka sandalwood.

• Ānjí Báichá (安吉白茶, Ānjí Báichá): Amino asidi ochuluka kwambiri — 5–7%. Thupi lofewa, umami wosalala. Nǚwā Yín Fēng — lolimba kwambiri (polyphenols 22% vs. 10–14% kwa Ānjí), ndi kuonjezera kwa Se ndi mbiri ya mchere, yomwe ilibe kwa Ānjí.

Pomaliza:

Nsonga Yasiliva ya Phiri la Nüwa (女娲银峰, Nǚwā yín fēng) — ‘Nsonga Yasiliva’ ya phiri pomwe mulungu wamkazi anakonza thambo: fungo la orchid-sandalwood ndi ‘kupumira kwa miyala ya mitundu isanu’, selenium kuwirikiza katatu kuposa mlingo wamba, golide ya World Green Tea 2022, Biosphere Reserve ya UNESCO, ndi chikho cha Fúxī chochiphikira. Uwu ndi tiyi momwe nthano ndi malo sizigawanika: dothi la granite la phiri la Nǚwā limapereka kamvekedwe ka mchere, kamene akatswiri amatcha ‘kupumira kwa miyala’, ndipo asayansi amatcha zotsatira za geochemical anomaly ya Se. Maola 12 a ‘kuyanika kwamitambo’, ‘kukweza ubweya’ kwamanja, ndi kuwotcha kwa magawo atatu kwa tiyi wa m’dzinja — ukadaulo wopanda fanizo padziko lonse la tiyi wobiriwira. Nsonga Yasiliva ya Phiri la Nüwa ndi ‘Mfumukazi ya Tiyi’ kwa iwo omwe amakhulupirira kuti nthano zimakhala mu chikho chilichonse, komanso kwa iwo omwe amayamikira Se, EGCG, ndi kuzungulira kwa golide kwa ubweya wa siliva.