Mòlì Yù Dié · new.thetea.app

Mòlì Yù Dié ndi imodzi mwa tiyi za jasmine zaku China zokongola kwambiri. Chidutswa chilichonse cha tiyi ichi chimapangidwa ndi dzanja kukhala chithunzi ngati gulugufe wotambasula mapiko ake, zomwe zimasandutsa kaphikidwe kake kukhala chiwonetsero chapadera. Tiyi iyi ndi ya gulu la tiyi zojambulidwa mwaluso, kapena zomangirizidwa (工艺花茶, gōngyì huāchá), kumene luso la kuumba limayesedwa chimodzimodzi ndi khalidwe la fungo ndi kukoma.

1. Kagulu ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tiyi yokongoletsedwa ndi fungo (花茶, huāchá) — tiyi yobiriwira (yosasanganizidwa) yokongoletsedwa ndi jasmine. Ndi gawo la tiyi zamaluwa (再加工茶, zàijiāgōng chá — “tiyi yokonzedwanso”), zomwe ndi kalasi yapadera mu kagulu ka tiyi zaku China.
Gulu: Tiyi ya jasmine yojambulidwa mwaluso (工艺花茶, gōngyì huāchá). Ndi imodzi mwa tiyi zokhala ndi mawonekedwe (zomangirizidwa) zopangidwa ndi dzanja. Ndi mankhwala apadera ochokera ku sukulu ya ku Fuzhou ya kupanga tiyi za jasmine.
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Fujian (福建省, Fújiàn shěng), mzinda wa Fuzhou (福州, Fúzhōu) — likulu la mbiri yakale la kupanga tiyi za jasmine, lomwe limadziwika kuti ndi kwawo kwa luso limeneli. Njira ya ku Fuzhou ya kukongoletsa ndi fungo (窨制, yìnzhì) mu 2014 inalembedwa m’kaundula wachinayi wa cholowa chosawoneka cha chikhalidwe cha dziko la China, ndipo mu 2022 inalowa m’Mndandanda wa Cholowa Chosawoneka cha Chikhalidwe cha UNESCO mu pulojekiti ya “Luso Lachikhalidwe la Kupanga Tiyi ku China ndi Miyambo Yogwirizana Nalo.” Kupanganso kungatheke m’zigawo za Guangxi (广西, Guǎngxī) — dera lalikulu kwambiri lolima jasmine, Yunnan (云南, Yúnnán) ndi Sichuan (四川, Sìchuān).
Malingaliro a malo: Fuzhou — pafupifupi 26°04′ kumpoto (latitude), 119°18′ kummawa (longitude).

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Luso la kukongoletsa tiyi ndi jasmine linayamba ku China nthawi ya mafumu a Song (宋朝, Sòng cháo, 960–1279), pamene njira zophatikiza tiyi ndi fungo la maluwa zinafotokozedwa koyamba. Kukula kwa luso limeneli kunafika pachimake nthawi ya mafumu a Ming (明朝, Míng cháo, 1368–1644) ndi Qing (清朝, Qīng cháo, 1644–1912). Monga momwe Zhu Quan (朱权) analembera mu “Zolemba za Tiyi” (《茶谱》, Chápǔ): “Mwa maluwa ophatikizidwa ndi tiyi, abwino kwambiri ndi maluwa a mcheri, a osmanthus ndi a jasmine.” Mu nthawi ya Qing, mfumukazi yotchedwa Cisixi (慈禧太后, Cíxǐ Tàihòu) ankakonda kwambiri jasmine ndipo anasandutsa duwa limeneli kukhala lake lapadera ku nyumba yachifumu; pambuyo pake tiyi ya jasmine ya ku Fuzhou inalandira udindo wa gongcha (贡茶, gòngchá — “tiyi yopereka monga mphatso”), ndipo Fuzhou inakhala likulu lalikulu la kupanga ndi kugulitsa tiyi za jasmine.

Kupanga tiyi zojambulidwa mwaluso ndi chizolowezi chakuchokera m’zaka za m’ma 1900, chomwe chinakula pa luso la kumanga tiyi (扎花茶, zā huāchá). Mawonekedwe a “gulugufe wa nebula” ndi amodzi mwa mawonekedwe odziwika a sukulu ya ku Fuzhou, pamodzi ndi “ngale za chinjoka” (龙珠, lóngzhū) ndi “singano zasiliva” (银针, yínzhēn).
Dzina:
- Mòlì (茉莉, Mòlì) — jasmine. Limasonyeza njira yokongoletsera tiyi ndi maluwa atsopano a jasmine.
- Yù (玉, Yù) — nebula, yade. M’chikhalidwe cha China — chizindikiro cha ulemu, chiyero ndi ungwiro. Limagogomezera khalidwe lapamwamba ndi kukongola kwa tiyi.
- Dié (蝶, Dié) — gulugufe. Limafotokoza mawonekedwe omwe masamba a tiyi amapindidwa pamanja. Pamodzi, dzinali limatanthauza “Gulugufe wa Nebula wa Jasmine.”
Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe: Gulugufe m’chikhalidwe cha China ndi chizindikiro cha chisangalalo, kupepuka ndi kubadwanso. Chithunzi cha gulugufe akuyenda pakati pa maluwa chikugwirizana kwambiri ndi kakhalidwe ka Tao ndi nthanu yotchuka ya Zhuangzi (庄子, Zhuāngzǐ) yokhudza maloto a gulugufe. Mòlì Yù Dié samayamikiridwa kokha ngati chakumwa, komanso ngati chinthu chowonerera: njira yotsegukira kwa “gulugufe” m’madzi otentha imabweretsa chisangalalo chosinkhasinkha komanso chokongoletsa. Tiyi iyi ndi imodzi mwa mphatso zotchuka za tiyi ya jasmine, zomwe zikuyimira kukongola ndi ukhwima.

3. Kufotokoza kwa Zomera ndi Zopangira:

Maziko a tiyi (茶坯, chápi): Popanga Mòlì Yù Dié, amagwiritsa ntchito tiyi yobiriwira yapamwamba, nthawi zambiri ya mtundu wa hongqing (烘青, hōngqīng — “youma ndi mpweya wotentha”), yopangidwa m’chigawo cha Fujian m’nyengo ya masika. Ndi maziko a hongqing amene amayamwa ndi kusunga fungo la jasmine bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka masamba okhala ndi timabowo. Mitundu ya chomera cha tiyi — makamaka Camellia sinensis var. sinensis, mitundu yaing’ono ya masamba ya ku Fujian.
Jasmine: Amagwiritsa ntchito maluwa atsopano, omwe angotseguka a mtundu wa Jasminum sambac (L.) Ait. (jasmine wotchedwa jasmine wa Arabia, 茉莉花, mòlihuā). Mtundu umenewu ndiwo uli ndi fungo lamphamvu, lokoma, loyera kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yonse ya jasmine yogwiritsidwa ntchito malonda. Maluwa a J. sambac muli zinthu zoposa 110 za fungo, zomwe zazikulu ndi linalool (芳樟醇, fāngzhāngchún), benzyl alcohol (苯甲醇, běnjiǎchún), methyl benzoate (苯甲酸甲酯, běnjiǎsuān jiǎzhǐ) ndi indole (吲哚, yǐnduǒ).
Mulingo wokhotola tiyi: Kumayambiriro kwa masika (March–April). Amakhotola mphukira yofewa ndi masamba amodzi kapena awiri apamwamba (一芽一叶或一芽二叶, yī yá yī yè kapena yī yá èr yè). Zopangira ziyenera kukhala zonse, zonyowa, zopanda kuwonongeka.
Kukhotola jasmine: Maluwa amakhotoledwa m’miyezi yachilimwe (June–September), makamaka pambuyo pa 14:00, pamene timphukira tafika pokhwima ndi kukonzeka kutsegula. Akatswiri a ku Fuzhou amatsatira mfundo ya “zoletsa zitatu” (三不采, sān bù cǎi): osakhoza m’mawa, osakhoza pamene kuli mitambo, osakhoza mkati mwa masiku atatu pambuyo pa mvula.
Zofunikira pa zopangira: Zapamwamba kwambiri. Amasankha kokha timphukira tomaoneka bwino, tonunkhira bwino ta jasmine ndi mphukira za tiyi zabwino zokhala ndi tsitsi loyera (白毫, báiháo).

4. Malo a Kulima ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:

Maziko a tiyi — chigawo cha Fujian (福建): Nyengo ya sub-tropical monsoon ndi nyengo yozizira yofewa komanso yotentha yamvula yotentha. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka +19…+21°C, mvula 1200–1600 mm pachaka. Minda ya tiyi ili makamaka pa utali wa 200–800 m pamwamba pa nyanja m’madera a mapiri kumpoto ndi kumadzulo kwa Fujian, kumene dothi lofiira-lachikasu (红壤, hóng rǎng) la acidic ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu za organic limapangitsa kuti tiyi yobiriwira ikhale ndi kakomedwe kofewa, kotsekemera.
Minda ya jasmine — Fuzhou (福州): Malo olimira jasmine ali m’mphepete mwa mitsinje ya Minjiang (闽江, Mǐnjiāng) ndi Wulongjiang (乌龙江, Wūlóngjiāng), pa dothi la mchenga la alluvial (冲积土, chōngjī tǔ) lokhala ndi nthaka yachonde yozama. Masiku otentha ndi usiku wozizira pang’ono zimathandiza kuti maluwa azikhala ndi zinthu zonunkhira, zomwe zimapatsa jasmine ya ku Fuzhou “kutsekemera kopanda phokoso” (冰糖甜, bīngtáng tián). Dongosolo la “Jasmine ya ku Fuzhou ndi chikhalidwe cha tiyi” mu 2014 linalembedwa m’ndandanda wa cholowa chaulimi chofunikira padziko lonse cha FAO (GIAHS).
Utali wa kulima jasmine: Zigwa za pansi, 5–50 m pamwamba pa nyanja.

5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:

Kupanga Mòlì Yù Dié ndi njira ya magawo awiri, yomwe imaphatikizapo kukonza maziko a tiyi ndi kukongoletsa kambiri ndi jasmine, ndipo pamapeto pake amapanga chithunzi cha “gulugufe” pamanja. Nthawi yonse kuyambira kukhotola masamba a tiyi mpaka mankhwala okonzeka imatenga miyezi ingapo: maziko a tiyi amapangidwa pa masika, ndipo kukongoletsa kumachitika m’chilimwe, munyengo ya maluwa a jasmine.

Kupanga maziko a tiyi (茶坯制作, chápi zhìzuò):
1. Kukhotola (采摘, cǎizhāi): Kukhotola mmanja mphukira zofewa ndi masamba amodzi kapena awiri.
2. Kufowetsa (摊凉, tānliáng): Masamba okhotoledwa amayalidwa mchenga wochepa kwa maola 4–6 kuti achotse chinyezi chapamtunda ndi kubweza kusinthasintha.
3. Kukhazikitsa mtundu wobiriwira, “kupha mtundu wobiriwira” (杀青, shāqīng): Kuwotcha kwakanthawi kochepa pa kutentha 180–200°C kuti ma enzymes asiye kugwira ntchito, kuletsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi kusunga mtundu wobiriwira.
4. Kuziziritsa (晾凉, liàngliáng): Masamba amayalidwa kuti azizizira mofanana.
5. Kukulunga (揉捻, róuniǎn): Masamba amapatsidwa mawonekedwe aatali, ndipo timadzi ta m’maselo timatuluka pang’ono.
6. Kuumitsa (烘干, hōnggān): Kuumitsa ndi mpweya wotentha mpaka chinyezi chotsala 4–4.5%, chomwe ndi mulingo wabwino kwambiri kuti pambuyo pake akongoletsedwe ndi fungo.
Kukongoletsa ndi jasmine (窨花, yìnhuā):
1. Kukonza maluwa (鲜花养护, xiānhuā yǎnghù): Timphukira tatsopano ta jasmine timasankhidwa, owonongeka amachotsedwa, kenako amayalidwa mosanjikiza ndi kuwongolera kutentha kwa misa ya maluwa (kopambana 32–37°C) kuti maluwa atseguke ndi kutulutsa fungo lalikulu.
2. Kuthandizira kukongoletsa ndi magnolia (玉兰打底, yùlán dǎdǐ): Asanayambe kuzungulira koyamba kokongoletsa ndi jasmine, maziko a tiyi nthawi zina amakonzedwa ndi maluwa atsopano a magnolia woyera (Michelia alba) pang’ono — pafupifupi 1% ya misa ya tiyi — kuti apange kuzama kwa fungo lakumbuyo ndi kumveketsa “mwatsopano” (鲜灵度, xiānlíng dù) wa fungo lotsiriza.
3. Kukongoletsa kangapo (多窨, duō yìn): Maziko a tiyi ndi maluwa atsopano a jasmine amasakanizidwa mosanjikiza, amasungidwa kwa maola 6–8, pambuyo pake maluwa amachotsedwa (起花, qǐhuā), ndipo tiyi imaumitsidwa (烘焙, hōngbèi). Kuzungulira kumene kumachitika kambiri kasanu ndi kawiri (mu mitundu yapamwamba — mpaka 8–10), nthawi iliyonse ndi gulu latsopano la maluwa atsopano. Malinga ndi mulingo wa ku Fuzhou, kuyambira kuzungulira kwachisanu ndi chimodzi, gawo la “kukweza fungo” siligwiritsidwanso ntchito.
4. Kukweza fungo (提花, tíhuā): Pambuyo pa kuzungulira kwakukulu komaliza, maluwa abwino kwambiri, onunkhira kwambiri amawonjezeredwa pang’ono (misa ya maluwa 6–10 kg pa 100 kg ya tiyi) kuti apereke chomaliza — “noti yapamwamba” yowala ya fungo. Gawo limeneli limakulitsa kumva kwatsopano ndi kwachilengedwe kwa fungo la jasmine.
5. Kuumitsa komaliza: Tiyi imaumitsidwa mpaka chinyezi chotsala chosapitirira 6% kuti fungo likhazikike ndi kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kuumba “gulugufe” (造型, zàoxíng): Pamene gawo lomaliza, akatswiri amapanga pamanja zithunzi za gulugufe kuchokera ku masamba a tiyi okongoletsedwa. Masamba angapo ndi mphukira amapindidwa mosamala ndi kumangirizidwa ndi ulusi kapena kulukana, n’kupanga mawonekedwe odziwika ndi “timapiko.” Limeneli ndi ntchito yolemetsa, yotengera nthawi, yofuna zaka zambiri za chidziwitso ndi kulongosoka kwenikweni.
Kusankha (分级, fēnjí): “Agulugufe” okonzeka amasankhidwa malinga ndi kukula, kufanana kwa mawonekedwe ndi khalidwe la fungo.

6. Makhalidwe Omvekera ndi Kununkhira:

Maonekedwe a masamba owuma: Zithunzi zosamalitsidwa ngati gulugufe zokhala ndi “mapiko” osiyanitsidwa mofanana. Kukula kumasiyana kuyambira 3 mpaka 5 cm. Mtundu — kuyambira siliva-wobiriwira mpaka wobiriwira wamafuta, nthawi zambiri ndi tsitsi loyera lowoneka (白毫, báiháo) pa mphukira. Pakati pa masamba pakhoza kukhala timaluwa ta jasmine towuma.
Fungo la masamba owuma: Fungo la jasmine lowala, lolemera, lomwe lili ndi noti zatsopano zobiriwira ndi kutsekemera kofewa kwa uchi. Fungo liyenera kukhala loyera, lachilengedwe, popanda zizindikiro za fungo lopangidwa kapena fungo la nkhungu.
Fungo la madzi a tiyi: Fungo la jasmine lokuta, lozama lomwe lili ndi noti za kutsekemera kwa mkaka ndi kutsitsimuka kofewa kwa maluwa, khalidwe lomwe limadziwika ndi linalool yapamwamba. Pamene tiyi ikuzizira, timvekere ting’onoting’ono ta udzu wobiriwira kuchokera ku maziko a tiyi timawonekera.
Kukoma: Kofewa, kosalala, kotsitsimula, kokhala ndi kutsekemera kwachilengedwe koonekeratu. Mukukoma, timvekere ta tiyi yobiriwira ndi jasmine timaphatikizana mogwirizana. Kuuma n’kochepa kwambiri kapena kulibe, kuwawa kulibe. Chakumapeto n’chotalikirapo, choyera, cha maluwa ndi uchi, chokhala ndi kuzizira kofewa (回甘, huígān).
Mtundu wa madzi a tiyi: Wachikasu chowala ndi kawonekedwe ka golide, wowonekera, woyera, ndi kuwala kowala. Pamene akuwuziranso mobwerezabwereza, mtundu umakhala wopepuka, wonyezimira ngati udzu.
Pansi pa tiyi (masamba owiritsidwa): Mphukira ndi masamba otseguka a mtundu wobiriwira wofewa, ofewa, osinthasintha. “Gulugufe” nthawi zambiri amasunga mawonekedwe ake ngakhale atawiritsa kangapo, zomwe zimasonyeza ukatswiri. Masamba amawonetsa khalidwe lapamwamba la zopangira — athunthu, osawonongeka.

7. Mapangidwe a Makemikolo:

Mòlì Yù Dié amaphatikiza zinthu za chilengedwe zogwira ntchito za tiyi yobiriwira ndi zinthu za fungo za jasmine, zomwe zimapanga mbiri yapadera ya makemikolo:

Polyphenols (catechins): Kuchuluka kwa polyphenols onse mu maziko a tiyi yobiriwira kumakhala 15–25% ya misa youma. Katekini wamkulu ndi epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), yomwe ili ndi mphamvu zolimbana ndi ma free radicals.
Amino asidi: L-theanine (L-茶氨酸, L-cháānjīsuān) — 1–2% ya misa youma, yopereka kakomedwe kotsekemera ndi kukhazika mtima pansi motsatizana ndi kudzutsa kofewa.
Alkaloids: Kafeini — 2–3% ya misa youma (pafupifupi 20–35 mg pa kapu ya 150 ml). Theobromine ndi theophylline mochepa kwambiri.
Mavitamini: Asidi ya askobiki (vitamini C), mavitamini a gulu B (B₁, B₂), vitamini P (rutin).
Mchere: Potaziyamu, maganiziyamu, fulorayidi, manganizi, zinki.
Mafuta ofunikira a jasmine: Amapanga maziko a mbiri ya fungo. Zinthu zazikulu: linalool (funso la lili — noti ya lily ya nkhosi), benzyl acetate (kutsekemera kwa uchi), methyl benzoate (noti ya maluwa ndi zipatso), indole (mochepa kwambiri imakulitsa kumva fungo la maluwa), methyl anthranilate (noti ya lalanje), α-farnesene. Chiwerengero chonse cha zinthu zosaoneka zodziwika mu tiyi ya jasmine chimaposa 145.
Klorofili: Imasungidwa chifukwa cha kukhazikika kwa mtundu wobiriwira pa gawo la shaqing, ndipo imapatsa madzi a tiyi kawonekedwe kobiriwira pang’ono.

8. Ubwino wa Zaumoyo:

Kuteteza ku ma free radicals: Katekini a tiyi yobiriwira, makamaka EGCG, amaletsa ma free radicals ndi kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa okosijeni, zomwe zimachedwetsa kukalamba kwa maselo.
Kudzutsa kofewa: Kuphatikiza kwa kafeini ndi L-theanine kumapereka mphamvu yokhazikika, yotalikirapo popanda kukwera mwadzidzidzi kapena kutsika, kumawongolera kusonkhezera maganizo ndi kuzindikira.
Kukhazika mtima ndi kuthana ndi kupsinjika: Zinthu za fungo la jasmine — linalool ndi benzyl acetate — zimakhala ndi mphamvu yofatsa yokhazika pa dongosolo la mitsempha, zimachepetsa nkhawa ndi kuthandiza kumasuka m’maganizo.
Kuwongolera chakudya: Polyphenols ndi katekini amalimbikitsa kutulutsa ma enzymes a chakudya, amathandiza kuti metabolism ikhale yabwinobwino.
Kuthandiza dongosolo la mtima ndi mitsempha: Kumwa tiyi yobiriwira pafupipafupi kumagwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa “cholesterol yoyipa” (LDL) ndi kukhazikika kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi: Chifukwa cha mavitamini C ndi gulu B, komanso katekini omwe ali ndi mphamvu zoletsa mabakiteriya.
Kuletsa mabakiteriya: Mafuta ofunikira a jasmine ali ndi mphamvu zophera tizilombo, zoletsa kukula kwa mitundu ina ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kutsitsimula: Imathetsa ludzu, makamaka ngati yanyowetsedwa m’madzi ozizira (冷泡茶, lěng pào chá) m’nyengo yotentha.

9. Kuwiritsa:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 75–85°C. Madzi otentha kwambiri “amawotcha” masamba osalala, kuchititsa kuwawa ndi kuwononga zinthu zofewa za fungo.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: “Gulugufe” mmodzi (pafupifupi 5–7 g) pa 150–200 ml ya madzi. Mukawiritsa mu kapu yagalasi, mungagwiritse ntchito “agulugufe” 2–3 pa voliyumu ya 300–500 ml.
Zombo: Kapu yagalasi kapena mbale yagalasi (玻璃壶, bōli hú) ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri, yomwe imakulolani kuwona kutseguka kwa “gulugufe.” Gàiwǎn (盖碗, gàiwǎn) ya porcelain yoyera ndi kapu ya porcelain zimagwiranso ntchito. Sizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zombo zoumba (miphika ya ku Yixing), chifukwa dothi lomwe lili ndi timabowo limayamwa fungo la jasmine.
Ndondomeko:
1. Tenthetsani chombo ndi madzi owira, kenako tsanulani madziwo.
2. Ikani “gulugufe” mosamala mu kapu kapena gàiwǎn.
3. Tsanulani madzi a kutentha koyenera ndipo nthawi yomweyo tsanulani kuwiritsa koyamba (kutsuka tiyi, 洗茶, xǐ chá) — izi zidzatsegula timabowo ta masamba ndi kukonzekeretsa tiyi kuwiritsa kwakukulu.
4. Tsanulani madzi kachiwiri ndipo muziika kwa mphindi 2–3 (kuwuzira koyamba).
5. Gawani madzi a tiyi m’makapu, posangalala ndi fungo.
6. Bwerezani kuwiritsa maulendo 3–5, mukuwonjezera nthawi ya kuwuzira kotsatira ndi masekondi 30–60. “Gulugufe” adzatseguka pang’onopang’ono, akupereka mbali zatsopano za kukoma ndi fungo ndi kuwiritsa kulikonse.

10. Kusunga:

Mòlì Yù Dié, monga tiyi zonse za jasmine zozikidwa pa tiyi yobiriwira, ndi wosavuta kutengeka ndi zinthu zakunja. Kuti fungo ndi kutsitsimuka zisungike, muyenera kutsatira izi:

Kutentha: Kusunga mufiriji pa 0–5°C mu chipinda chodzipatula cha hermetic, chodzipatula ku zakudya zonunkhira kwambiri ndi bwino.
Chotengera: Chotengera chosaphimba chopanda kuwonekera — ceramic, chitsulo kapena thumba lopanda mpweya la foleya. Chotengera chagalasi n’chololedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kusungidwa mumdima.
Adani a tiyi: Chinyezi, kuwala, fungo lakunja, kutentha kwakukulu. Pewani kutsegula phukusi mobwerezabwereza.
Nthawi yosungira: M’mikhalidwe yoyenera — miyezi 12–18. Popita nthawi, fungo la jasmine limachepa, choncho tiyi ayenera kumwedwa mkati mwa chaka chimodzi atagula.

11. Mtengo ndi Zonyenga:

Mòlì Yù Dié ndi tiyi wopangidwa ndi dzanja wokongoletsedwa kangapo, zomwe zimachititsa kuti mtengo wake ukhale wokwera kwambiri kuyerekeza ndi tiyi wamba za jasmine wopangidwa mochuluka. Pa mtengo pamakhudza: ubwino wa maziko a tiyi (khotolo la masika ndi lodula kwambiri), chiwerengero cha kuzungulira kokongoletsa (kuzungulira kulikonse kowonjezera kumafuna maluwa atsopano), kuvuta kwa kuumba pamanja zithunzi, komanso mbiri ya katswiri ndi wopanga. Mtundu wa mtengo: kuchokera pakati-pamwamba mpaka wapamwamba kwambiri.

Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:

Maonekedwe: “Agulugufe” ayenera kuumbidwa mwaluso, pafupifupi kukula kumodzi, popanda masamba osweka, fumbi ndi zinthu zina. Mawonekedwe osasamala ndi chizindikiro cha mankhwala otsika kapena chonyenga.
Fungo: Fungo lachilengedwe la jasmine ndi lofewa, lozama, losanjikiza. Fungo lakuthwa, “lochita mafuta,” lotsekemera kwambiri limasonyeza kugwiritsa ntchito zonunkhira zopangira. Mu tiyi wapamwamba, fungo la jasmine limaphatikizana mogwirizana ndi noti ya tiyi yobiriwira, osati kulisokoneza.
Kukoma kwa madzi a tiyi: Kofewa, kotsekemera pang’ono, popanda kuwawa. Kukoma kowawa kapena “kopanda kanthu” kumasonyeza zopangira zosayenera kapena kusowa kokongoletsa.
Mtundu wa madzi a tiyi: Wowonekera, woyera, wagolide wopepuka. Madzi a tiyi osauka kapena akuda ndi chizindikiro chowopsya.
Mtengo: Mtengo wochepa mokayikitsa wa tiyi wa gulu limeneli ndi chizindikiro chotsimikizika cha chonyenga kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zonunkhira zopangira m’malo mwa jasmine wachilengedwe.

12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:

Mòlì Yù Dié ndi imodzi mwa tiyi zochepa zomwe kuwiritsa kwake kumakhala chiwonetsero chathunthu. Kuwona momwe “gulugufe” amatsegukira pang’onopang’ono m’madzi otentha, kutambasula “mapiko” ake, ndi chisangalalo chapamwamba cha kukongola, chofanana ndi chiwonetsero cha tiyi “wophukira” (开花茶, kāihuā chá).
Kuti apange 1 kg ya tiyi ya jasmine yapamwamba, pakhoza kufunika mpaka 6–8 kg maluwa atsopano a jasmine, okhotoledwa pamanja — duwa lililonse limaduliridwa payokha.
Tiyi ya jasmine ya ku Fuzhou ndi chikhalidwe cha kupanga kwake zinazindikiridwa monga cholowa chaulimi chofunikira padziko lonse cha FAO mu 2014 — pamodzi ndi minda ya mpunga ya Yunnan ndi minda ya tiyi ya Puer.
Mòlì Yù Dié ndi wabwino kwambiri kuwiritsa kozizira (冷泡, lěng pào): “gulugufe” amayikidwa m’madzi ozizira ndi kuusungira mufiriji kwa maola 4–8, kumapanga chakumwa chotsitsimula chokhala ndi fungo la jasmine loyera komanso losalala.
Pa mwambi wa China wonena za tiyi ya jasmine amati: “Atayamwa fungo la jasmine, [tiyi] amapeza kukoma kopambana; amatchedwa mwachilungamo fungo loyamba pakati pa onse padziko lapansi” (窨得茉莉无上味，列作人间第一香, yìn dé mòlì wú shàng wèi, liè zuò rénjiān dì yī xiāng).

13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Zina za Jasmine:

Mòlì Lóngzhū (茉莉龙珠, Mòlì Lóngzhū) — “Ngale za Chinjoka za Jasmine”: Masamba amakulungidwa kukhala timipira tolimba. Mosiyana ndi “gulugufe” wophwanyika wa Yù Dié, Lóngzhū ndi wophatikizika, amatenga nthawi yaitali kutseguka ndipo amapereka madzi a tiyi ochulukirapo, okhazikika. Tiyi zonsezi ndi tiyi zapamwamba za jasmine zokhala ndi mawonekedwe, koma mawonekedwe a kuwiritsa amasiyana kwambiri.
Mòlì Yínzhēn (茉莉银针, Mòlì Yínzhēn) — “Singano Zasiliva za Jasmine”: Maziko — mphukira zoyera (singano zasiliva, 白毫银针, Báiháo Yínzhēn). Kukoma n’kosalala kwambiri, kofewa ndi kotsekemera, kocheperapo kusiyana ndi Yù Dié. Fungo la jasmine ndi losalala komanso lowonekera. Ndi gawo la mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri.
Mòlì Huāchá (茉莉花茶, Mòlì Huāchá) — tiyi wamba ya jasmine: Dzina lachibadwidwe la tiyi zonse za jasmine. Mòlì Huāchá wamba ndi tiyi wosamangirizidwa wopanda mawonekedwe, nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi makina okhala ndi kuzungulira 3–4 kokongoletsa. Yù Dié amaposa uwowo pa khalidwe la zopangira, chiwerengero cha kuzungulira kokongoletsa ndi, mosakayikira, pa mawonekedwe okongola.
Mòlì Fèng Yǎn (茉莉凤眼, Mòlì Fèng Yǎn) — “Diso la Phoenix la Jasmine”: Tiyi wina wa jasmine wopangidwa ndi dzanja wokhala ndi mawonekedwe, momwe masamba amapangidwa kukhala ovali yaatali, yofanana ndi diso la mbalame yanthano ya phoenix. Mbiri ya kukoma ndi fungo ndi yofanana ndi Yù Dié, kusiyana kwakukulu kuli pa mawonekedwe ndi zizindikiro: gulugufe (Yù Dié) amaimira kupepuka ndi kubadwanso, diso la phoenix (Fèng Yǎn) — kubadwanso ndi kutukuka.

Pomaliza:

Mòlì Yù Dié ndi tiyi imene luso la mmisiri wa tiyi lakwezedwa kukhala luso lapamwamba. Mu “gulugufe wa nebula” aliyense muli miyezi ya ntchito: kuyambira kukhotola kwa masika kwa mphukira zofewa kwambiri mpaka kukongoletsa kangapo m’chilimwe ndi jasmine watsopano kwambiri ndi kuumba pamanja kwa chithunzi chochititsa chidwi. Tiyi iyi si kungopereka kukoma kwapamwamba kokha — kofewa, kotsekemera pang’ono, kokhala ndi fungo la jasmine lokuta — komanso chisangalalo chenicheni chosinkhasinkha chochokera pakuwona gulugufe akutseguka m’madzi. Mòlì Yù Dié ndi wabwino kwa iwo amene amayamikira kukongola mu chinthu chilichonse cha mwambo wa tiyi, kwa omwe kumwa tiyi si kungothetsa ludzu kokha, koma njira yopita ku mgwirizano wamkati ndi chisangalalo cha kukongola.