Mòlì Yín Háo · new.thetea.app

Mtundu: Tiyi wokometsedwa (花茶, huāchá); tiyi wobiriwira wopangidwa kuchokera ku masamba a msuzi oyambirira (烘青绿茶, hōngqīng lǜchá), wokometsedwa ndi maluwa atsopano a jasmine. M’gawidwe la China, ndi gulu la 特种茉莉花茶 (tèzhǒng mòlì huāchá) — “tiyi wapadera wa jasmine,” kutanthauza kuti ndi tiyi wapamwamba wa jasmine, wopangidwa kuchokera ku masamba abwino kwambiri obiriwira okhala ndi kununkhiza mobwerezabwereza.
Gulu: Mitundu yapamwamba ya tiyi wokometsedwa ku China; tiyi wapadera (特种) wa jasmine m’gulu la «银毫» (yín háo, “ubweya wa siliva”).
Komwe Amachokera: China. Malo akuluakulu opangira:
- Chigawo cha Fujian (福建, Fújiàn): Kwawo kwa mbiri ya tiyi wa jasmine wa kalasi yapamwamba. Mzinda wa Fuzhou (福州, Fúzhōu) umadziwika kuti ndi chimake cha luso la kuwonjezera fungo la jasmine. Maderawa a Fuding (福鼎, Fúdǐng) ndi Zhenghe (政和, Zhènghé) nawonso amatenga gawo lalikulu monga malo opangira masamba abwino kwambiri a msuzi. Dera limeneli ndi lotetezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha malo cha “Fuzhou Moli Hua Cha” (福州茉莉花茶).
- Dera Lodziyimira palokha la Guangxi Zhuang (广西, Guǎngxī): Mzinda wa Hengxian (横县, Héngxiàn, tsopano ndi dera la Hengzhou mumzinda wa Nanning) ndiye likulu lalikulu kwambiri ku China la kulima jasmine ndi kupanga tiyi wa jasmine.
- Chigawo cha Yunnan (云南, Yúnnán): Amagwiritsa ntchito masamba a mitundu yayikulu, zomwe zimapatsa tiyi kukoma kokwanira.
- Chigawo cha Sichuan (四川, Sìchuān): Kupanga tiyi wa jasmine (monga mtundu wa «碧潭飘雪», Bìtán Piāoxuě).
Mizere ya Malo: Fuzhou (likulu): 26°04′ N, 119°18′ E. Hengxian (Guangxi): 22°41′ N, 109°16′ E.

2. Mbiri ndi Kufunika kwa Chikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Kuonjezera fungo la jasmine mu tiyi (茉莉花茶窨制工艺, mòlì huāchá xūnzhì gōngyì) ndi imodzi mwa maluso akale kwambiri a tiyi ku China. Miyambo yake imachokera ku nyengo ya Song (宋, 960–1279): katswiri wa kum’mwera kwa Song, Zhao Xigu (赵希鹄, Zhào Xīhú) mu buku lake la “Tiaoxie Leibian” (调燮类编, chaka 1240) anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane njira yowonjezerera fungo la tiyi ndi maluwa. M’nyengo ya Ming (明, 1368–1644), tiyi wa jasmine anafalikira kwambiri: Xu Bo (徐勃) mu “Mintan” (茗谭) ananena kuti “anthu a ku Min (Fujian) amakonda kuthira tiyi ndi maluwa a jasmine.” Mu “Mbiri ya Fuzhou” (福州府志) kunalembedwa za kupanga tiyi wa jasmine ku Fuzhou mu nyengo ya Wanli (万历, 1573–1619). Kugwiritsa ntchito masamba abwino kwambiri a msuzi (銀毫, yín háo) a mitundu yapamwamba ya tiyi wa jasmine kungakhale kuti kudakhazikika m’zaka za m’ma 19 ndi 20 pamene kufunikira kwa tiyi wapamwamba kunakula m’dziko ndi kunja. M’chaka cha 1982, tiyi wochokera ku Ningde, “Tianshan Moli Yinhao” (天山茉莉银毫) anapatsidwa udindo wa “Mankhwala Abwino” (优质产品) ndi Unduna wa Zamalonda wa China. M’chaka cha 2014, luso la Fuzhou la kuonjezera fungo la jasmine (福州茉莉花茶窨制工艺) linayikidwa mu Mndandanda Wapadziko Lonse wa Chikhalidwe cha Mafuko Opanda Chuma cha China, ndipo mu 2022, linaphatikizidwa mu gawo la “Luso Lothandizira Kupanga Tiyi ndi Miyambo Yogwirizana Nalo ku China,” lomwe linayikidwa mu Mndandanda Woyimira wa UNESCO.
Dzina:
- “Mòlì” (茉莉) — ndiye jasmine. Limasonyeza chokometsera — maluwa a jasmine sambac (Jasminum sambac).
- “Yín” (银) — “siliva,” “chitsulo choyera.” Limafotokoza mtundu wa siliva wa ubweya womwe umaphimba masamba a msuzi.
- “Háo” (毫) — “ubweya,” “fuwu,” “毫尖” (háojiān). Mawuwa amatanthauza tinthu tating’onoting’ono (ubweya) pa msamba wa msuzi wosaphika — chizindikiro cha kukolola koyambirira ndi mtundu wapamwamba.
- Choncho, “Mòlì Yín Háo” mwachindunji amatanthauza “Jasmine ya ubweya wa siliva [tiyi]” — dzinalo limasonyeza zonse, chokometsera, mawonekedwe a masamba, ndi udindo wa mankhwala.
Kufunika kwa Chikhalidwe: Mòlì Yín Háo amadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa tiyi za jasmine zowoneka bwino kwambiri ku China, zomwe zikusonyeza lingaliro la filosofi la “umodzi wa tiyi ndi maluwa” (茶花合一, cháhuā hé yī) — pamene fungo la jasmine ndi kukoma kwa msamba wa tiyi zimalumikizana mwa mgwirizano osati kusokonezana. Tiyi wa jasmine wapamwamba wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphatso ya boma (国礼茶, guólǐ chá) — makamaka, tiyi wa jasmine wochokera ku Fuzhou wakhala ukuperekedwa kwa nthumwi zakunja kangapo. Mu “Zhongguo Mingcha Zhi” (中国名茶志, “Mbiri ya Tiyi Zodziwika ku China”), tiyi wa jasmine wochokera ku Fuzhou wandandalika ngati yekhayo woimira tiyi za jasmine pakati pa tiyi zam’mbiri zodziwika ku China.

3. Kufotokoza kwa Botani ndi Zomera Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito:

Mzuzi wa tiyi (茶坯, chá pī): Kupanga Mòlì Yín Háo, amagwiritsa ntchito tiyi wobiriwira wapamwamba wam’mbuyomu wamtundu wa 烘青 (hōngqīng, “woumitsidwa ndi mpweya wotentha”), wopangidwa kuchokera ku masamba a msuzi wachinyamata, wokutidwa ndi ubweya wa siliva. Ku Fujian, mitundu yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi: Fuding Dabai (福鼎大白, Fúdǐng Dàbái), Fuding Dahao (福鼎大毫, Fúdǐng Dàháo), Zhenghe Dabai (政和大白, Zhènghé Dàbái), komanso mitundu yam’deralo ya Fuzhou — Rongchun Zao (榕春早), Gushan Caicha (鼓山菜茶). Kusankha mtundu kumakhudza mphamvu ya msuzi yolowetsa fungo la jasmine: ubweya ochuluka komanso msamba wotsekemera, fungo limalowamo mozama ndi kukhala.
Jasmine (茉莉花, mòlì huā): Amagwiritsa ntchito maluwa atsopano, omwe angotuluka kumene a jasmine sambac (Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton, banja la Oleaceae, Oleaceae). Jasmine sambac ndi chitsamba chosatha chokhala ndi kutalika kwa 1–3 mita, chochokera ku South ndi Southeast Asia, chomwe chadziwika m’madera a subtropiki ku China. Jasmine ya ku Fuzhou imadziwika ndi fungo lapadera komanso loyera — kafukufuku wa University of Beijing anapeza kuti mu mpweya wake muli mankhwala 43 osiyana-siyana okometsera, kuphatikizapo cis-3-hexenol (chomwe chimapangitsa “kutsitsimuka kobiriwira”), chomwe sichinapezeke mu jasmine ya madera ena ku China.
Kukolola masamba a tiyi: Kumayambiriro kwa masika, nthawi zambiri tsiku la Qingming lisanafike (清明前, qīngmíng qián), amatola masamba a msuzi wosatuluka kapena masamba a msuzi ndi tsamba limodzi losatuluka bwino.
Mulingo wakukolola tiyi: Mtundu wapamwamba — masamba a msuzi osatuluka okha (单芽, dān yá), mulingo wovomerezeka — msuzi umodzi ndi tsamba limodzi losatuluka (一芽一叶初展, yī yá yī yè chūzhǎn).
Kukolola jasmine: Maluwa amakololedwa m’chilimwe (July–August, nthawi ya 大暑, dàshǔ — “Kutentha Kwakukulu”), pamene jasmine imachita maluwa kwambiri komanso kununkhira. Kukolola kumachitika masana, nthawi yotentha kwambiri, pamene masamba a maluwa ali theka lotseguka (含苞待放, hánbāo dàifàng). Madzulo, masamba amasefukira, ndikuyamba kutulutsa mafuta onunkhira mwamphamvu — ndi nthawi imeneyi pomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwonjezera fungo.
Zofunikira pazakudya: Zofunikira zazikulu kwa msuzi wa tiyi ndi jasmine. Masamba a msuzi — osasweka, okhala ndi ubweya wochuluka, opanda kuwonongeka. Maluwa a jasmine — atsopano, athanzi, atseguka bwino, opanda zizindikiro za kufota.

4. Terroir ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:

Fuzhou (福州) ndi Mtsinje wa Min Jiang: Ndiye likulu la mbiri yopangira. Ili kum’mwera chakum’mawa kwa Fujian, m’munsi mwa mtsinje wa Min Jiang (闽江, Mǐnjiāng). Nyengo ndi ya subtropical monsoon (亚热带季风气候): kutentha kwapakati pa chaka 19–21°C, mvula 1200–1600 mm/chaka. Zigwa za m’mphepete mwa mtsinje zili ndi dothi la mchenga lochera pang’ono kapena losalowerera (pH 5.5–7.0), labwino kwambiri pakulima jasmine. Masana kutentha kumakhala kokwera, ndipo usiku mphepo ya m’nyanja kuchokera ku Taiwan Strait imazizira kwambiri — kusintha kumeneku kumathandizira kusonkhanitsa mafuta onunkhira mu masamba a jasmine.
Kutalika kwa minda ya tiyi: 200–1000 metres pamwamba pa nyanja (malingana ndi dera: madera otsika a Fujian kwa Fuding/Zhenghe, madera a mapiri kwa mitundu ya Fuzhou).
Dothi (la minda ya tiyi): Dothi lofiira lachikasu la lateritic ndi dothi lachikasu la m’mapiri, lomwe limapezeka ku Fujian, la pH 4.5–6.0, lodzaza ndi organic matter ndi mchere.
Zapadera: Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri cha nyengo ndi kulekanitsa malo ndi nthawi: masamba a tiyi amakololedwa m’chisanu m’madera a mapiri, pamene jasmine imalimidwa m’madera otsika otentha; kuwonjezera fungo kumachitika m’chilimwe pamene jasmine ili pachimake cha kuphuka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maziko a tiyi amasungidwa kwa miyezi ingapo (春制茶坯, chūn zhì chá pī — “mankhwala a tiyi wamasika”), kudikirira jasmine yachilimwe, ndipo ubwino wa kusungidwa kumakhudza kwambiri zotsatira zomaliza.

5. Luso la Kupanga:

Kupanga Mòlì Yín Háo ndi njira yapakati pa kupanga maziko a tiyi ndi kuwonjezera fungo la jasmine mobwerezabwereza. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi kuwonjezera fungo pang’onopang’ono (窨制, xūnzhì), kumene kumapatsa tiyi fungo lakuzama ndi lokhalilila la jasmine.

Gawo I. Kupanga maziko a tiyi (茶坯制备):

Kukolola (采摘, cǎi zhāi): Pamanja, m’chisanu, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa.
Kulola kufota (摊凉, tān liáng): Masamba a msuzi amawalikiridwa mosanjika pang’ono kwa maola 3–5 kuti achepetse chinyezi pang’ono.
“Kupha mtundu wobiriwira” (杀青, shā qīng): Kukhazikitsa mwachidule pa kutentha kwa 180–220°C kuti ma enzymes asagwire ntchito. Chisamaliro chapadera — kuti masamba a msuzi asawonongeke ndi kuti ubweya usatenthe.
Kuziziritsa (晾凉, liàng liáng): Nthawi yomweyo, masamba otentha amawagawira mosanjika pang’ono kuti azizizire.
Kukulunga (揉捻, róuniǎn): Kwa Mòlì Yín Háo, nthawi zambiri sikugwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kumangopangidwa m’njira yochepa yolunjika kuti pakhale mawonekedwe achilengedwe a msuzi ndi ubweya wa siliva.
Kuyamba kuumitsa (初烘, chū hōng): Kuumitsa ndi mpweya wotentha kufikira chinyezi chotsalira cha ~6–8% — pang’ono pamwamba pa mulingo womaliza, chifukwa maziko a tiyi ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yolowetsa fungo la jasmine pambuyo pake.
Kusunga (存坯, cún pī): Maziko a tiyi amasungidwa m’malo owuma, ozizira mpaka nyengo ya jasmine ikayamba (July–August).

Gawo II. Kuwonjezera fungo la jasmine (窨花, yìnhuā / 窨制, xūnzhì):

Kukonza maluwa (鲜花处理): Masamba a jasmine omwe angokololedwa kumene amasankhidwa, kuchotsa owonongeka ndi osatuluka. Masamba amawalikiridwa kuti “afiyire” (堆放, duīfàng), kudikirira nthawi yotseguka kwathunthu ndi kutulutsa mafuta onunkhira kwambiri — nthawi zambiri madzulo.
Kusakaniza (拌花, bànhuā): Maziko a tiyi ndi maluwa a jasmine otseguka amayikidwa mosanjikiza mozungulira m’miyeso yodziwika (chiŵerengero cha maluwa ku tiyi chimadalira mtundu ndi nambala ya kuzungulira kwa kuwonjezera fungo). Kenako, chisakanizocho chimasakanizidwa mosamala koma mwachifundo kuti chisakanike bwino.
窨制 (xūnzhì, kuwonjezera fungo): Chisakanizo cha tiyi ndi maluwa chimasiyidwa kwa maola 8–12. Pa nthawiyi, msamba wa tiyi umalowetsa mankhwala osakanikirana a jasmine — linalool, benzyl acetate, methyl jasmonate, indole, jasmone, ndi zina. Njirayi imatulutsa kutentha ndi chinyezi.
Kulekanitsa (起花, qǐhuā): Pambuyo pa kuwonjezera fungo, maluwa amalekanitsidwa ndi tiyi posonkhezera.
Kuumitsa mobwerezabwereza (复火, fùhuǒ): Tiyi amaumitsidwa kuti achotse chinyezi cholowetsedwa ndikukhazikitsa fungo, ndikusunga mphamvu yolowetsa fungo pa kuzungulira kotsatira.
Kubwerezabwereza: Kuzungulira konse (kusakaniza → kuwonjezera fungo → kulekanitsa → kuumitsa) kumabwerezedwa ka 5–7 (五窨至七窨, wǔ xūn zhì qī xūn), nthawi iliyonse pogwiritsa ntchito maluwa atsopano. Kubwerezabwereza kumeneku ndiko kumasiyanitsa Mòlì Yín Háo ndi tiyi wamba za jasmine (nthawi zambiri 2–3), ndipo kumapereka kuzama, kusiyanasiyana, ndi kukhalitsa kwa fungo. Kuzungulira kulikonse kumalowetsa fungo mozama mu msamba wa tiyi.
Kukweza fungo (提花, tíhuā): Gawo lomaliza — kuwonjezera pang’ono maluwa atsopano a jasmine apamwamba kwambiri popanda kuumitsa pambuyo pake. Izi zimapatsa kuwala ndi “kutsitsimuka” kwa fungo lalikulu mu tiyi womaliza. Pambuyo pa tihua (提花), maluwa amachotsedwa mosamala (nthawi zina masamba angapo amasiyidwa kuti azioneka bwino).
Kusankha komaliza (分级, fēnjí): Kuchotsa masamba opunduka, zotsalira za maluwa, timitengo, ndi zosweka.

6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:

Mawonekedwe a masamba owuma: Masamba ang’onoang’ono, osaphika, a msuzi wosatuluka, okutidwa ndi ubweya wochuluka wa siliva. Mawonekedwe — opindika pang’ono kapena oongoka, ophatikizika. Mtundu — wobiriwira wa siliva ndi kung’anima kwa ngale. Nthawi zina mu tiyi wouma mumatuluka tinthu tating’ono ta masamba oyera a jasmine. Masamba a msuzi ayenera kukhala athunthu, ofanana, ndi osasweka kwambiri.
Fungo la masamba owuma: Lomveka bwino, losiyanasiyana. Fungo lalikulu ndi la jasmine lachilengedwe — lokoma, lokhala ndi maukonde a uchi ndi “kobiriwira,” — lolumikizana bwino ndi fungo losavuta la msamba wa tiyi wobiriwira. Fungo liyenera kukhala loyera, lopanda kunyanyala kopangidwa, ndi lopanda fungo la nkungu.
Fungo la madzi: Lokoma, losalala la jasmine lokhala ndi maukonde a uchi, mauwa a lily of the valley, ndi masamba achinyamata. Fungo limatulukira pang’onopang’ono: pamwamba — jasmine yowala, yatsopano; pakati — kutentha, maluwa ndi uchi; m’munsi — mosavuta, wa tiyi, wokhala ndi kutentha pang’ono kwa “mkate.”
Kukoma: Kosalala, kosakhwima, koyera kwambiri, kotsitsimutsa, ndi kukoma kwachilengedwe. Kukoma kwa tiyi wobiriwira ndi jasmine kumakhala moyenera — palibe chinthu chimodzi chomwe chikulamulira. Kukoma kotsalira kumakhala kotalika, kwa maluwa ndi kukoma (回甘, huígān), ndi maukonde a uchi. Kuwawa sikukhalapo ngati tiyi waphikidwa bwino. Thupi la madzi — lopepuka, ndi mawonekedwe osalala ngati silika.
Mtundu wa madzi: Wachikasu chopepuka, wagolide wachikasu, wowala kwambiri ndi kung’anima.
Pansi pa tiyi (masamba ophika): Masamba a msuzi athunthu, osalala a mtundu wobiriwira chopepuka, osunga ubweya wa siliva ndi mawonekedwe oyambirira. Kufanana kwa pansi pa tiyi ndi chizindikiro chachikulu cha mtundu wabwino.

7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:

Mòlì Yín Háo imaphatikiza mbiri ya biochemical ya tiyi wobiriwira wapamwamba ndi zigawo zokometsera za jasmine.

Polyphenols (catechins): 15–20% ya kulemera kouma. EGCG, EGC, ECG, EC. Kuchuluka kumatsika pang’ono pakubwerezabwereza kwa kuwonjezera fungo (chinyezi ndi kutentha kwa maluwa kumathandizira kuti ma catechins awonongeke pang’ono), zomwe zimapangitsanso kukoma kukhala kosalala — kuwawa ndi kukhuthala kumakhala kotsika poyerekeza ndi tiyi wobiriwira woyambirira.
Amino acids: 3.0–4.5% ya kulemera kouma. L-theanine ndiyo gawo lalikulu. Kusiyanasiyana kwa kuwonjezera fungo (窨制) kumathandizanso kupanga ma amino acid owonjezera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka pang’ono kwa mapuloteni.
Alkaloids: Caffeine — 2.0–3.0% ya kulemera kouma (15–25 mg pa kapu 150 ml). Mulingo wochepa wa caffeine pamodzi ndi L-theanine ndi mphamvu zochepetsa nkhawa za fungo la jasmine zimapereka mphamvu yochepetsa koma yokhazikika.
Mafuta osakanikirana a jasmine: Mankhwala ofunikira onunkhira omwe amapita kuchokera ku maluwa kupita ku tiyi: linalool (kutsitsimuka kwa maluwa), benzyl acetate (kukoma), cis-jasmone (maukonde akuya a jasmine), indole (pa mulingo wochepa — maukonde a “kutentha,” achinyama, omwe amapereka kuzama), methyl jasmonate, nerolidol, farnesol. Mafuta onse osakanikirana mu tiyi womaliza amakhala pafupifupi 0.5–1.0% ya kulemera kouma.
Mavitamini: Vitamin C (amawonongeka pang’ono pakuwonjezera fungo, koma amasungidwa pamlingo wofunikira — mpaka 80–150 mg/100 g), vitamini B₁, B₂, vitamin E.
Mchere: Potaziyamu, magnesium, fluoride, zinc, manganese.
Zapadera za kapangidwe: Pa nthawi ya kuwonjezera fungo (窨制), mapuloteni osasungunuka a msamba wa tiyi amasanduka pang’ono kukhala ma amino acid, ndipo polyphenols amawonongeka pang’ono. Izi zikufotokoza chifukwa chake tiyi wa jasmine amamveka ngati “wosasalala” komanso “wosakhuthala” poyerekeza ndi tiyi wobiriwira woyambirira. Chiŵerengero cha phenolic-to-amine (酚氨比, fēn ān bǐ) chimatsika, ndikupangitsa kukoma kukhala kokoma ndi kosalala.

8. Phindu za Umoyo:

Ntchito ya antioxidant: Ma catechins a tiyi wobiriwira (EGCG) pamodzi ndi zigawo za antioxidant za jasmine zimateteza maselo ku kupsyinjika kwa oxidative.
Kutsitsimutsa ndi kuchepetsa nkhawa: Fungo la jasmine (Jasminum sambac) lili ndi umboni wasayansi wa kuchepetsa nkhawa — kupuma fungo la jasmine kumachepetsa cortisol ndikuthandizira kupumula. Pamodzi ndi L-theanine ya tiyi wobiriwira, kumapanga mkhalidwe wa “kumveka bwino mwamtendere.”
Mphamvu yochepetsa: Caffeine wochepa amathandizira kukhala tcheru ndi maganizo abwino, pamene L-theanine imachepetsa mphamvu yotsitsimula, kuteteza kusakhazikika.
Kuthandiza chakudya: Tiyi wa jasmine mwamwambo amadziwika kuti ndi chithandizo chothandiza kugaya chakudya. Ma polyphenols amathandiza kupha tizilombo m’matumbo pang’ono.
Kuthandiza mtima: Kumwa tiyi wobiriwira nthawi zonse kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepetsa LDL cholesterol ndi kuthandiza mitsempha.
Ntchito yotsutsana ndi tizilombo ndi kutupa: Mafuta osakanikirana a jasmine ali ndi mphamvu zowononga tizilombo; linalool ndi benzyl acetate amathandiza kuchepetsa kutupa.
Phindu pakhungu: Ma antioxidant (EGCG, vitamin C, vitamin E) ndi zigawo zotsutsana ndi kutupa za jasmine pamodzi zimathandiza thanzi la khungu.
Kutsitsimutsa ndi kuthetsa ludzu: Kukoma kopepuka, koyera ndi fungo la maluwa kumapangitsa Mòlì Yín Háo kukhala chakumwa chabwino kwambiri m’chilimwe, kuphatikizapo kusakaniza kozizira (冷泡, lěng pào).

9. Kusakaniza:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 75–85°C. Masamba a msuzi osalala amafunikira kutentha kochepa — madzi otentha kwambiri (100°C) amatulutsa ma catechins ochuluka nthawi yomweyo ndipo angawononge fungo losalala la jasmine.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3–5 magalamu pa 150–200 ml a madzi.
Ziwiya: Ketulo yagalasi kapena galasi — ndiye chisankho chabwino kuti muone momwe masamba a msuzi wa siliva amatsegukira. Komanso, gaiwan yadothi yoyera (盖碗) yopangidwa ndi dongo loyera ndi yoyenera — imathandiza kuyamikira fungo la chivindikiro (闻盖香, wén gàixiāng) pambuyo pa kuthira kulikonse.
Njira:
1. Tenthetsani ziwiya ndi madzi otentha, kenaka tsanulani.
2. Ikani tiyi wouma mu ziwiya.
3. Thirani madzi otentha pa 75–85°C. Kutsuka pang’ono (3–5 masekondi) ndikovomerezeka; komabe, akatswiri ambiri satsuka tiyi wapamwamba wa jasmine kuti asataye “fungo loyamba” (头香, tóuxiāng).
4. Thirani madzi oyamba kwa 40–60 masekondi.
5. Tsanulani madzi ndi kusangalala nawo.
6. Tiyi amatha kupirira kuthira 4–6 ndikuwonjezera nthawi yothira pang’onopang’ono.
7. Onani “kuvina kwa masamba a msuzi” — nsonga za siliva zimatseguka ndikuyandama m’madzi, zomwe zimapereka mawonekedwe okongola.

Kusakaniza kozizira (冷泡): Mòlì Yín Háo ndiyabwino kwambiri pakuphika kozizira. Ikani 3–5 g ya tiyi mu chidebe chagalasi ndi 300–400 ml a madzi ozizira ndikusiya mu furiji kwa maola 3–6. Zotsatira zake ndi chakumwa chotsitsimutsa, chokhala ndi fungo la jasmine lowala komanso kuwawa kochepa.

10. Kasungidwe:

Mòlì Yín Háo, monga tiyi wokometsedwa wopangidwa ndi tiyi wobiriwira, amafunikira kusungidwa mosamala kuti fungo la tiyi ndi la jasmine lisawonongeke.
Kutentha: Chabwino — mu furiji pa 0–5°C m’thumba lotsekedwa bwino, lotalikirana ndi zakudya zonunkhira kwambiri. Kuzizira kumachepetsa kutuluka kwa mafuta onunkhira ndi kuwonongeka kwa polyphenols.
Chidebe: Matumba a vacuum okhala ndi aluminiyamu (osankhidwa), zitini zachitsulo zokhala ndi zivindikiro zolimba, zotengera zadothi. Pewani zotengera zagalasi zowonekera — kuunika kumawononga chlorophyll ndikufulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa fungo.
Nthawi yosunga: Posungidwa mu furiji — mpaka miyezi 18. Pa kutentha kwa chipinda — osapitirira miyezi 8–10. Nthawi yabwino yokumwa ndi miyezi 6 yoyamba pambuyo popanga, pamene fungo la jasmine limakhala latsopano kwambiri.
Adani a tiyi: Mpweya, kuunika, chinyezi, fungo lakunja, kutentha kwakukulu.

11. Mtengo ndi Zinthu Zopeka:

Mòlì Yín Háo ndi imodzi mwa tiyi za jasmine za mtengo wapamwamba. Mtengo wake umaposa kwambiri mtengo wa tiyi wamba za jasmine (wozungulira 2-3 wokometsera pogwiritsa ntchito masamba okhwima) ndipo wofanana ndi mtengo wa tiyi wapamwamba wobiriwira. Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakweza mtengo: ubwino wa maziko a tiyi (masamba a msuzi), kuchuluka kwa kuzungulira kwa kuwonjezera fungo (6–7 kuzungulira = kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri jasmine yatsopano), mbiri ya wopanga, ndi malo opangira (jasmine ya Fuzhou ndiyofunika kwambiri).

Momwe mungadziwire Mòlì Yín Háo wabwino:

Mawonekedwe: Masamba a msuzi athunthu, ofanana, okutidwa ndi ubweya wa siliva. Zosweka zambiri, timitengo, masamba akulu, ndi zidutswa za maluwa ndi chizindikiro cha mtundu wotsika.
Fungo: Loyera, loyera, la jasmine lachilengedwe, lolumikizana bwino ndi maziko a tiyi. Kuyesa kofunikira — fungo liyenera kukhala 鲜灵 (xiānlíng, “latsopano ndi lamoyo”), osati 浊 (zhuó, “lotuwa, lolemera”). Fungo lonyanyala, “lonunkhira mafuta onunkhira,” kapena lochita kupangidwa ndi chizindikiro cha kuwonjezera fungo mwachinyengo m’malo mwa kuwonjezera kwachilengedwe (窨制).
Kukoma: Kosalala, koyenera, kopanda kuwawa. Kukoma kwa jasmine kuyenera kukhala “kolowetsedwa” mu thupi la tiyi, osamveka ngati chobvala chakunja.
Mtundu wa madzi: Wowala, wachikasu chopepuka. Madzi otuwa kapena akuda ndi chenjezo.
Mtengo: Mtengo wotsika mokayikitsa pafupifupi umatsimikizira kuti zasinthidwa (tiyi wamba wa jasmine wochokera ku masamba okhwima ndi kuzungulira 2–3 kuwonjezera fungo kapena kuwonjezera fungo mwachinyengo).

12. Zochititsa Chidwi:

Kuti apange kilogalamu imodzi ya mtundu wapamwamba wa Mòlì Yín Háo (6–7 kuzungulira kwa kuwonjezera fungo), angafunike mpaka 5–8 kg ya maluwa atsopano a jasmine — kutanthauza kuti kulemera kwa maluwa kumaposa kulemera kwa maziko a tiyi kangapo.
Fuzhou ndiye mzinda wokhawo ku China pomwe mòlìhuā (茉莉花, jasmine) ndiye maluwa ovomerezeka a mzinda (市花, shìhuā). Lingaliroli linavomerezedwa ndi Msonkhano wa Anthu a Fuzhou mu 1985.
Mu 1985–1986, tiyi wa jasmine wochokera ku Fujian anapambana “Mphotho ya Golide ya Ginkgo” (金桂奖) pa mpikisano wapadziko lonse wa World Gourmet Tourism Association ku Paris.
Njira ya “kukweza fungo” (提花, tíhuā) ndiye kumaliza kwa mmisiri: timaluwa tating’ono ta jasmine tatsopano kwambiri amawonjezeredwa ku tiyi womaliza popanda kuumitsa. Izi zimapatsa fungo “lake latsopano” lomwe limamveka koyamba mukatsegula phukusi.
Mòlì Yín Háo ndiyabwino kwambiri pakuphika kozizira — kuthira m’madzi ozizira kwa maola 3–6 kumapereka chakumwa chowala kwambiri, chotsitsimutsa chokhala ndi fungo la jasmine lowala komanso kopanda kuwawa konse.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Ena a Jasmine:

Mòlì Lóngzhū (茉莉龙珠, Mòlì Lóngzhū, “Ngale ya Jasmine ya Chinjoka”): Maziko a tiyi ndi masamba okhwima (msuzi + 1–2 masamba), opindika kukhala mipira yolimba-“ngale.” Lóngzhū imakhala ndi kukoma kokwanira, kotheratu komwe kumasonyeza chikhalidwe cha tiyi, pamene Yín Háo ndi yosalala, yosakhwima, yotsindika pa kukoma ndi kusalala kwa silika.
Mòlì Dà Bái Háo (茉莉大白毫, Mòlì Dà Bái Háo, “Jasmine Yaikulu Yoyera”): Tiyi wapamwamba wa jasmine wochokera ku Fujian, wopangidwanso kuchokera ku masamba a msuzi okhala ndi ubweya. Malingaliro ake ali pafupi ndi Yín Háo; kusiyana kuli pa mtundu weniweni wa maziko a tiyi ndi kuchuluka kwa kuzungulira kwa kuwonjezera fungo. Dàbáiháo nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi masamba a msuzi akuluakulu ndipo imatha kukhala ndi ubweya wochuluka.
Mòlì Fèng Yǎn (茉莉凤眼, Mòlì Fèng Yǎn, “Jasmine Diso la Mbalame”): Tiyi wopangidwa mu mawonekedwe a oval ngati diso la mbalame. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba okhwima (msuzi + tsamba), ali ndi thupi laling’ono komanso kukoma kowonekera kwa tiyi.
Bìtán Piāoxuě (碧潭飘雪, Bìtán Piāoxuě, “Chipale Chofewa pa Dambo Lonyezimira”): Tiyi wa jasmine wochokera ku Sichuan kuchokera ku Phiri la Emei, wodziwika ndi kupezeka kwa masamba oyera a jasmine mu tiyi wouma. Piāoxuě imakhala ndi maukonde atsopano, “audzu” poyerekeza ndi Yín Háo wochokera ku Fujian; maziko ake a tiyi nthawi zambiri ndi masamba osalala kapena opindika pang’ono, osati masamba a msuzi.
Mòlì Huā Chá (茉莉花茶) wamtundu wamba: Dzina lofala la tiyi zonse za jasmine. Mitundu yambiri imapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba okhwima a magiredi otsika (4–6) ndi kuzungulira 2–3 kuwonjezera fungo. Poyerekeza ndi izi, Yín Háo imasiyana kwambiri: masamba a msuzi, 5–7 kuzungulira kwa 窨制 (xūnzhì), fungo losiyanasiyana, ndi kusowa kwa kuwawa.

Pomaliza:

Mòlì Yín Háo ndi imodzi mwa tiyi za jasmine zowoneka bwino kwambiri ku China, zomwe zikusonyeza mwambo wazaka mazana ambiri wa Fuzhou wa kuwonjezera fungo. Masamba ake a msuzi a siliva, omwe adutsa mozungulira ka 6–7 “kulowetsa” fungo la jasmine, amasunga mu iwo chifundo cha masika oyambirira (pamene tiyi amakololedwa) ndi kutentha kwa chilimwe (pamene jasmine imachita maluwa). Kwa iwo omwe akufuna tiyi womwe ungathe kupereka mphamvu ndi kukhazikika mtendere, kukongoletsa maso ndi kusangalatsa mphuno, Mòlì Yín Háo adzakhala chisankho chosadzuka — chakumwa chomwe luso lazaka chikwi la amisiri a tiyi aku China likuwonekera ndi kukoma kwabwino kopanda chilema.