Méngdǐng Máo Fēng · new.thetea.app

Méngdǐng Máo Fēng (蒙顶毛峰, Méngdǐng máo fēng) — tiyi wobiriwira, wobadwa kumapiri a phiri lodziwika bwino la Méngdǐngshān (蒙顶山, Méngdǐng Shān) m’chigawo cha Sìchuān (四川, Sìchuān) — malo omwe, malinga ndi nthano, zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri zapitazo mbewu zoyamba za tiyi zam’mbiri zinabzalidwa. Méngdǐng Máo Fēng ndi mmodzi mwa anthu ochuluka kwambiri ndi ofikika a banja laulemerero la tiyi ya Méngdǐng, “mbale wamng’ono” wa wotchuka kwambiri Méngdǐng Gān Lù (蒙顶甘露). Mizere yake yopyapyala, yowongoka, yokutidwa ndi ubweya wasiliva, fungo latsopano lokhala ndi mpweya wa mtedza wotchedwa chestnut ndi kukoma kofewa, kotsekemera, zikuwonetsa mzimu wa limodzi mwa mapiri odziwika kwambiri a tiyi m’mbiri yonse.

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, lǜchá), wosaphika (osavunda). Ali mgulu la hōngqīng (烘青, hōngqīng) — tiyi wobiriwira wopyapyala, wopanda utsi, wopangidwa ndi njira yophatikiza kukazinga ndi kuumitsa. Luso la teknoloji limaphatikiza zinthu zonse za chǎoqīng (炒青, chǎoqīng) ndi hōngqīng, zomwe zimatithandiza kuti tiwerunge kuti ndi mtundu wa “kukazinga ndi kuumitsa” (炒烘结合, chǎo hōng jiéhé).
Gulu: Tiyi zodziwika za phiri la Méngdǐng. Chotuluka cha dera lokhala ndi chizindikiritso cha malo chotchedwa “Méngdǐngshān chá” (蒙顶山茶, Méngdǐng Shān chá). Ali m’gulu la tiyi wobiriwira wabwino kwambiri m’chigawo cha Sìchuān.
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Sìchuān (四川省, Sìchuān Shěng), mzinda wa Yǎ’ān (雅安市, Yǎ’ān Shì), chigawo cha Míngshān (名山区, Míngshān Qū). Phata la kupanga — phiri la Méngdǐngshān, lomwe limatchedwanso Méng Shān (蒙山, Méng Shān). Dera la chizindikiritso cha malo limaphatikiza chigawo cha Míngshān ndi gawo lina la chigawo cha Yǔchéng (雨城区, Yǔchéng Qū). Kupatula pa malo apakati a Méngdǐngshān, tiyi wamtundu wa “máo fēng” amapangidwanso kwambiri m’chigawo chonse cha tiyi cha Sìchuān — ku Lèshān, Éméishān, Guǎngyuán, Yíbīn, Lúzhōu ndi m’chigwa cha Chéngdū.
Malo a geografiki: Pafupifupi 30°05′ N, 103°12′ E (phiri la Méngdǐngshān).

2. Mbiri ndi Kufunika kwa Chikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Mbiri ya kulimidwa kwa tiyi paphiri la Méngdǐngshān ndi yoposa zaka zikwi ziwiri, ndipo imachokera kwa mmonke wodziwika wa Chitao wotchedwa Wú Lǐzhēn (吴理真, Wú Lǐzhēn), amene m’nthawi ya Western Han (西汉, Xīhàn), chakumapeto kwa 53 BC (chaka chachitatu cha nthawi ya Gān Lù, 甘露三年), anabzala koyamba m’mbiri tchisa zisanu ndi ziwiri za tiyi pamwamba pa phiri la Méng, kuyambitsa kulimidwa kwa tiyi ku China. Malinga ndi zomwe zinalembedwa mu “Qīng Yì Lù” (《清异录》) cha Táo Gǔ: “Wú Lǐzhēn ankakhala paphiri la Méngdǐng, anamanga kanyumba ndi kubzala tiyi kwa zaka zitatu; kukoma kutakakhwima, mitundu yabwino kwambiri anaitcha ‘Shèng Yáng Huā’ (圣扬花) ndi ‘Jíxiáng Ruì’ (吉祥蕊).” Kuyambira nthawi ya Táng (618–907) mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi ya Qīng (1912), tiyi wa ku phiri la Méngdǐng ankatumizidwa mosalekeza ku nyumba yachifumu ngati msonkho (贡茶, gòngchá) — chodabwitsa chosawoneka mu nthawi yaitali m’mbiri ya tiyi ya China ndipo chofikira zaka zoposa chikwi.

Makamaka, Méngdǐng Máo Fēng monga chotuluka chosiyana anapangidwa mu 1983 ndi State Tea Farm ya Méngshān ku Sìchuān (四川省国营蒙山茶场, Sìchuān Shěng Guóyíng Méngshān Cháchǎng) ngati tiyi wobiriwira wapamwamba, wochuluka, wowonjezera tiyi wapamwamba kwambiri ndi wochepera Méngdǐng Gān Lù. Chifukwa cha khalidwe labwino ndi kuchuluka kwa kupanga, mwamsanga anakhala tiyi wofala kwambiri ndi wodziwika bwino wa Méngdǐng m’kagwiritsidwe ka tsiku ndi tsiku.
Dzina:
- “Мэн Дин” (蒙顶) — pamwamba pa phiri la Méng. Chizindikirochi “мэн” (蒙) chimatanthauza kwenikweni “kuphimba, kukuta,” kutanthawuza za nkhungu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaphimba phirili.
- “Мао Фэн” (毛峰) — “Nsonga zaubweya” kapena “Nsonga zazithaphwi.” “Máo” (毛) — ubweya wopyapyala woyera (trichomes) womwe umakutira masamba a ng’ona; “fēng” (峰) — nsonga ya phiri, imene ifanana ndi maonekedwe a tsamba la tiyi lokhala losonga.
Kufunika kwa chikhalidwe: Phiri la Méngdǐng limalemekezedwa ngati “Khola la kulimidwa kwa tiyi padziko lonse” (世界茶文化发源地). Mu 2004, pa Méngdǐngshān panakhazikitsidwa “Méngdǐngshān Declaration ya World Tea Culture” (《世界茶文化蒙顶山宣言》), yomwe inatsimikizira udindo wa phiri ngati “Phiri Lopatulika la World Tea Culture.” Mu 2006, “Luso Lomwe Lakhalako la Kupanga Tiyi ya Méngdǐngshān” (蒙顶山茶传统制作工艺) linalowetsedwa m’kaundula wa Cholowa Chosaoneka cha Chigawo cha Sìchuān. Méngdǐng Máo Fēng, ngati woimira ambiri a “banja la Méngdǐng,” ndi chakumwa cha tsiku ndi tsiku cha milioni a anthu a ku Sìchuān ndi tiyi woyamba umene ambiri amayamba nawo kudziwana ndi tiyi zodziwika za phiri limeneli. Mwambi wodziwika “Yángzǐ jiāng zhōng shuǐ, Méngdǐng shān shàng chá” (扬子江中水，蒙顶山上茶) — “Madzi a m’mtsinje wa Yángzǐ, tiyi wa ku phiri la Méngdǐng” — kwa zaka mazana ambiri umagogomezera udindo wapadera wa tiyi wa ku Méngdǐng.

3. Kufotokoza kwa Botanical ndi Zopangira:

Mtundu / Cultivar: Mitundu ya masamba ang’onoang’ono a m’deralo (Camellia sinensis var. sinensis), yomwe mwachibadwa imamera paphiri la Méngdǐngshān. Chachikulu ndi gulu la mitundu ya Méngshān Qúntǐzhǒng (蒙山群体种, Méngshān Qúntǐzhǒng), komanso mitundu yomwe yasankhidwa ya Sìchuān, yomwe imasinthidwa kuti igwirizane ndi chikhalidwe cha dera. Zitsamba — zamtundu wa shrub kapena theka-shrub, zokhala ndi masamba ocheperako, ofewa. Mu 1979, paphiri la Méngdǐng pa utali wa mita 1,400 panapezedwa mitengo inayi ya tiyi ya zaka chikwi, imene imatsimikizira kukalamba kwa tiyi wa m’derali.
Kukoma: Masika oyambirira — ndi nyengo yayikulu. Sìchuān, chifukwa cha nyengo yake yotentha, imayamba kukoma koyambirira kwambiri kuposa zigawo za kum’mawa kwa China: kukoma koyamba pa Méngdǐngshān kumayamba kale kumapeto kwa February — kumayambiriro kwa March. Kuchuluka kwa Máo Fēng kumakomedwa pambuyo pa Qīngmíng (清明) ndi kufikira Gǔyǔ (谷雨, “Mvula Yambewu”), pamene kukula kwamphamvu ndi kuchuluka kwa zopangira zimapereka kuchuluka kwakukulu pamtengo wochepa.
Mulingo wa kukoma: Ng’ona ndi tsamba limodzi kapena awiri a m’mwamba (一芽一二叶初展, yī yá yī-èr yè chūzhǎn). Kwa magiredi apamwamba — makamaka ng’ona ndi tsamba limodzi; kwa ambiri — ng’ona ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu. Zopangira ziyenera kukhala zofanana, zosawonongeka, zokhuthala, zokomedwa nyengo yakuda.
Zofunikira pa zopangira: Ng’ona ndi timasamba tofatsa, tophimbidwa ndi ubweya woyera, opanda masamba okhwima ndi ofiira, opanda zizindikiro za matenda ndi tizilombo. Kutsitsi kwa zopangira ndi kofunika kwambiri: kukonza kumayamba tsiku lomwe zakomedwa.

4. Terroir ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:

Phiri la Méngdǐngshān: Lili kumadzulo kwa chigwa cha Sìchuān (四川盆地), pa malo olumikizana ndi mapiri a Qinghai-Tibet. Kutalika — 557–1,456 m pamwamba pa nyanja; minda yayikulu ya tiyi — pa mamita 800–1,400. Phirili limadziwika ndi malo ake okongola, akachisi amakedzana ndi mbiri yolemera ya Buddhism ndi Taoism.
Dothi: Dothi lachikasu (黄壤, huángrǎng) ndi lofiira (红壤, hóngrǎng), lakuya, lofewa, lokhetsera madzi bwino. pH 4.5–6.0 — mchere wabwino wa acidity kwa chitsamba cha tiyi. Dothi la acidic ndi slightly acidic limapanga zoposa 70% ya malo olimidwa m’derali.
Nyengo: Nyengo yotentha ya sub-tropical monsoon yamvula (亚热带季风性湿润气候). Kutentha kwapakatikati pachaka — pafupifupi 15 °C; nyengo yozizira ndi yofatsa, yotentha siyovuta. Mvula yapachaka — pafupifupi 2,000 mm (dera la Yǎ’ān ndi limodzi mwa madera amene amagwa mvula yambiri ku China, nthawi zina limatchedwa “Mutu wa Mvula”). Kuwala kwa dzuwa pachaka — pafupifupi maola 900–1,000 (chiwerengero chochepa), chomwe chimalipiridwa ndi kuwala kochuluka kofalikira.
Nkhungu: Phiri la Méngdǐng limakutidwa ndi nkhungu zokhuthala (云雾, yúnwù) nthawi yaitali pachaka. Kuwala kofalikira kumachedwetsa kusintha kwa zotsatira za kuwala (photosynthesis) ndipo kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kuchuluka kwa ma amino acid (makamaka L-theanine) chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kusandutsidwa kukhala ma catechin, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tiyi akhale ndi kukoma kotsekemera, “kwa umami”.
Chokutira cha nkhalango: Zoposa 51% ya dera la Míngshān yakutidwa ndi nkhalango; zobiriwira — 79.6%. Mpweya wabwino wa m’mapiri ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi a akasupe zimapereka chilengedwe chabwino kulimako tiyi wabwino.

5. Luso la Kupanga:

Méngdǐng Máo Fēng amapangidwa ndi njira yophatikiza kukazinga ndi kuumitsa — yotchedwa “chǎohōng jiéhé” (炒烘结合). Luso limeneli likufanana ndi la Méngdǐng Gān Lù, koma limakhala ndi kuzungulira kosavuta kwa kupanga maonekedwe ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu. Mkhalidwe wodziwika bwino — mfundo ya “kukazinga katatu, kuzunguliza katatu” (三炒三揉, sān chǎo sān róu).

Kukoma (采摘 — cǎizhāi): Kukoma pamanja kwa zopangira zazing’ono malinga ndi mulingo wa “ng’ona + tsamba limodzi kapena awiri.”
Kufofera (摊放 — tānfàng): Masamba angotchuka amayalidwa mosanjikiza mochepa (mm 15-17) pa zisefa za bampusi kapena nsalu za jute kwa maola 4-8. Zimenezi zimapangitsa kutaya madzi pang’ono, ndipo kusintha kwa mkati kwa mankhwala kumayamba, kumene kumapangitsa fungo ndi kukoma. Simungayalidwe mokhuthala kupewa kutentha ndi kuipa.
“Kupha zobiriwira” (杀青 — shāqīng): Kukazinga mu poto (锅, guō) pa kutentha kwa 140–160 °C. Kulemedwa — pafupifupi magalamu 200 pa poto imodzi (mimba pafupifupi 50 cm). Luso limaphatikiza kusinthana kwa kukazinga “kogwedeza” (抖炒, dǒuchǎo) ndi “kukazinga mokatika” (闷炒, mènchǎo): mphindi 1-2 za kukazinga mokatika kuti atenthe mpaka 70–90 °C mkati mwa tsamba, kenako kugwedeza kuti atuluse nthunzi. Cholinga — kuimitsa kuvunda, kusunga mtundu wobiriwira, kuchotsa kakomedwe ka udzu. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumatsitsidwa kufika ~60%. Gawo limeneli limafuna luso lalikulu: kuyenera kupewa kupsya kwa ng’ona zofewa, kupangitsa mitsempha yofiira kapena matsinde.
Kuzunguliza ndi kupanga maonekedwe (揉捻/做形 — róuniǎn/zuòxíng): Tsamba limafinyidwa mopepuka ndi kupangidwa, kuti likhale ndi maonekedwe aatali, okhotera pang’ono, ofanana ndi “malilime a mpheta” (雀舌, quèshé). Mizere imakhala yopyapyala, yowongoka, yokhala ndi uthendzu wokutidwa ndi ubweya.
Kukazinga mobwerezabwereza ndi kuzunguliza: Malinga ndi mfundo ya “kukazinga katatu — kuzunguliza katatu,” magawo owonjezera a kukazinga pa kutentha kumene kumatsika pang’onopang’ono ndi kuziziritsa m’kati (摊凉, tānliáng) amachitidwa, zomwe zimapereka kufalikira kwa chinyezi mofanana ndi kupanga mapangidwe omaliza a tsamba.
Kuumitsa (烘干 — hōnggān): Kuumitsa komaliza pa kutentha kwa 40–50 °C mpaka chinyezi chofika pafupifupi 5%. Kuumitsa pang’onopang’ono, mochenjera, kumathandiza kupanga ndi kusunga fungo.
Kusankha (分级 — fēnjí): Tiyi wokonzedwa amasankhidwa malinga ndi kukula, maonekedwe ndi khalidwe.

6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:

Maonekedwe a tsamba louma: Mizere yopyapyala, yolimba, yowongoka pang’ono (紧细较直, jǐnxì jiào zhí), yokhala ndi ubweya woyera wowoneka bwino (鲜润显毫). Mtundu — wobiriwira wofewa wokhala ndi kawonekedwe ka siliva ka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ma trichomes; pamwamba pake pali pabwino ngati mafuta. Maonekedwe amafanana ndi “nsonga za mapiri” zazing’ono kapena “malilime a mpheta.”
Fungo la tsamba louma: Latsopano, loyera, lokhala ndi mpweya wa chestnut (栗香), orchid (兰花香, lánhuā xiāng) ndi zobiriwira zazing’ono. Kwa magiredi apamwamba — mawonekedwe opepukira ofanana ndi kirimu.
Fungo la madzi a tiyi: Lowala, lapamwamba (清香高长, qīngxiāng gāo cháng), lokhala ndi mawonekedwe a maluwa (orchid), mafungo apansi a udzu watsopano ndi kamvekedwe kakang’ono ka nkhono. Fungo ndi lokhalitsa, koma lofewa.
Kukoma: Kofewa, kochepeka, kotsekemera (味浓爽适口, wèi nóng shuǎng shìkǒu), ndi kakomedwe kakang’ono, kokhalitsa katsopano. Thupi la madzi a tiyi — lapakati, “lozungulira,” lopanda kukhwimitsa. Mu bokeyi — mawonekedwe a orchid, chestnut, zobiriwira za masika, nthawi zina — mawonekedwe opepukira a kirimu. Kukoma “醇厚甘甜” (chúnhòu gāntián) — “lokwanira, lokhuthala, kotsekemera.”
Mtundu wa madzi a tiyi: Wobiriwira wopepuka mpaka wobiriwira wachikasu (微黄明亮, wēihuáng míngliàng), woyera ngati galasi, wopanda madontho, wowala bwino.
Pansi pa tiyi (tsamba lophatikizidwa): Masamba ofewa, osweka, olimba ndi ng’ona za mtundu wobiriwira wowala (嫩匀成花朵, nèn yún chéng huāduǒ — “ofewa, ofanana, otseguka ngati duwa”). Kufanana kwa pansi pa tiyi kumatsimikizira khalidwe labwino la zopangira ndi luso la kukonza.

7. Madzi a Mankhwala:

Méngdǐng Máo Fēng, chifukwa cha terroir ya pamwamba ndi nkhungu zambiri komanso kuchepa kwa kuwala kwa dzuwa, amakhala ndi kusakanikirana kwabwino kwa ma amino acid ndi ma catechin.

Polyphenols (catechins): Zili zapakati mpaka pamwamba. Chachikulu — epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), chomwe chimapereka mphamvu zolimbana ndi okosijeni. M’masamba ang’onoang’ono a ku Sìchuān, kuchuluka kwa polyphenols kumakhala kochepa kuposa masamba akuluakulu a Yúnnán (nthawi zambiri 20–30%), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukoma kukhale kofewa, kochepera kumva.
Amino acids (kuphatikiza L-theanine): Kuchuluka kwakukulu chifukwa cha kuwala kofalikira ndi nkhungu zambiri. Makamaka L-theanine ndiyo imapereka kukoma kotsekemera, “thupi” la kukoma ndi zotsatira zobata mtima. Kafukufuku wa tiyi wa ku Sìchuān (makamaka, wachibale wake — Méngdǐng Gān Lù) asonyeza kuti ma amino acid akulu omwe amapangitsa kukoma ndi theanine, glutamic acid ndi aspartic acid.
Alkaloids: Caffeine — yapakati, yomwe imapereka mphamvu yochepa yolimbitsa. Theobromine, theophylline — zochepa.
Vitamini: C (yambiri mu tiyi wobiriwira watsopano, imasungika pang’ono ndi kukonza mochenjera), gulu la B.
Minerals: Fluorine, potaziyamu, magnesium, zinki, manganese.
Mafuta onunkhira: Kafukufuku wofanizira (GC-MS) wa zigawo za fungo la Méngdǐng Gān Lù ndi Méngshān Máo Fēng anapeza kuti tiyi zonsezi zili ndi maonekedwe olemera a mankhwala amene amasanduka mpweya, omwe amapanga fungo lodziwika bwino la maluwa-chestnut, ndi kusiyana mu kuchuluka kwa magulu a terpene ndi aldehyde.

8. Ubwino:

Mphamvu yolimbana ndi okosijeni: Ma catechin (EGCG) amateteza maselo ku kuwonongeka kwa ma free radical, ndipo amachedwetsa njira za kupsinjika kwa okosijeni. Mankhwala a chikhalidwe cha China adalemba makamaka tiyi wa ku phiri la Méngdǐng: Lǐ Shízhēn (李时珍) mu “Běncǎo Gāngmù” (《本草纲目》) analemba kuti “tiyi weniweni mwachibadwa ndi wozizira, koma tiyi wa ku phiri la Méngdǐng ku Yǎ’ān ndi wotentha ndipo amatha kuthetsa matenda.”
Kulimbitsa modekha ndi kukhazikika: Kuphatikizana kwa caffeine ndi L-theanine kumapereka kuwonjezeka kwapansi, kwanthaŵi yaitali kwa tcheru popanda nkhawa.
Kuthandizira kugayika: Tiyi wobiriwira amalimbikitsa kutulutsa kwa ma enzyme a m’mimba, amathandiza kugayika chakudya, makamaka pambuyo pa zakudya zamafuta.
Kulimbitsa chitetezo: Ma polyphenols ndi vitamini C amawonjezera mphamvu ya thupi kulimbana ndi matenda a nyengo.
Kuthandizira mtima ndi mitsempha ya magazi: Kumwa tiyi wobiriwira pafupipafupi kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuchepa kwa LDL-cholesterol ndi kulimbitsa khoma la mitsempha ya magazi.
Zotsatira zotsitsimutsa: Amathetsa ludzu bwino, makamaka panyengo yotentha; ndi wabwino kwambiri ngati tiyi wachilimwe.
Kuthandiza maso: M’mankhwala a chikhalidwe cha China, tiyi wobiriwira, makamaka tiyi wa mtundu wa “máo fēng,” amadziwika kuti ndi abwino kwa maso.
Zotheka zolimbana ndi zotupa: Ofufuza a West China Medical University (华西医大) adawona kuti tiyi wobiriwira wa ku phiri la Méngdǐng amasonyeza zotsatira zowoneka poletsa matenda a m’mmero.

9. Kuphatikiza:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 75–80 °C. Madzi otentha kwambiri “amapsyera” masamba ofewa, kupangitsa kuwawa ndi kutayika kwa mafungo abwino.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: Magalamu 3–5 pa madzi a ml 150–200.
Chotengera: Kapu yagalasi (玻璃杯) — kuti muone “kuvina” kwa masamba omwe akutseguka ndi kusangalala ndi mtundu wa madzi a tiyi. Gaiwan ya porcelain (盖碗) — kuti fungo lituluke bwino. Onsewa ndi abwino; kusankha ndi nkhani ya kukonda ndi momwe mungamve.
Ndondomeko:
1. Konzani chotengera ndi madzi otentha, tsanuleni.
2. Ikani tiyi m’chotengera.
3. Msangeni mwamsanga ndi madzi a koyamba (kutsuka, 1-2 masekondi) — gawo limeneli ndi losasankha kwa magiredi apamwamba, koma ndi lofunika kwa zopangira zambiri.
4. Thirani madzi a 75–80 °C ndipo lekani kuphika kwa mphindi 1-2 (njira ya ku Ulaya) kapena masekondi 10-15 (gongfu, magalamu 6-8 pa ml 120).
5. Gawanirani madzi a tiyi m’makapu.
6. Bwerezani kuphatikiza maulendo 3-5, mokulitsa nthawi ya kuphika ndi masekondi 15-20.

10. Kusunga:

Chotengera chopanda mpweya, chosawala, chotetezedwa ku mafungo akunja, kuwala ndi chinyezi.
Chabwino kwambiri — m’firiji (0–5 °C), alumali kapena chipinda chapadera. Tisanatsegule, lekani phukusi likhale pa kutentha kwa m’chipinda mpaka litenthe konse.
Nthawi ya kusunga — mpaka miyezi 12-18 m’phukusi la vacuum pa kutentha kochepa; pambuyo potsegula — masabata 4-6.
Adani a tiyi: chinyezi, kuwala, kutentha kwakukulu, mafungo akuthwa.

11. Mtengo ndi Zinthu Zonyenga:

Méngdǐng Máo Fēng ndi umodzi mwa tiyi zofikika kwambiri pakati pa tiyi zodziwika za phiri la Méngdǐng. Ngati Méngdǐng Gān Lù amaikidwa ngati chuma chapamwamba ndi mtengo wa tiyi wouma wa magalamu 500 oyambira 600–800 yuan kapena kupitilira apo, Máo Fēng ali m’gulu lapakati la mtengo: 80–200 yuan pa magalamu 500 malinga ndi giredi. Magiredi apamwamba (a masika oyambirira, a masamba ang’onoang’ono) — ndi okwera mtengo; zopangira zambiri za pambuyo pa Qingming — ndi zotsika mtengo kwambiri. Zinthu zazikulu za mtengo: nyengo ya kukoma (pre-Ming ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa ya pambuyo pa Qingming), mulingo wa zopangira, wopanga weniweni ndi malo omwe zakulimidwa (Méngdǐngshān motsutsana ndi madera ena a Sìchuān).

Momwe mungapewere zonyenga:
- Yang’anani chizindikiro cha “蒙顶山茶” (chizindikiro chobweretsedwa) — ichi chimatsimikizira chiyambi kuchokera ku dera la chizindikiritso cha malo.
- Maonekedwe: mizere yopyapyala, yolimba, yowongoka pang’ono, yokhala ndi ubweya woyera wambiri, yopanda zazikulu zosweka ndi matsinde okhwima.
- Fungo la tsamba louma — loyera, latsopano, la chestnut-maluwa, lopanda fungo la dothi ndi mafungo akunja.
- Madzi a tiyi — owoneka bwino, wobiriwira wopepuka mpaka wobiriwira wachikasu, osakhala ndi matope.
- Mtengo wotsika kwambiri wa “Méngdǐng Máo Fēng” (mochepera 50 yuan/500 g) pamene amanenedwa kuti ndi ochokera ku Méngdǐng — ndi chifukwa chokayikira.

12. Zambiri Zosangalatsa:

Tiyi zisanu ndi ziwiri za Wú Lǐzhēn: Malinga ndi nthano, tiyi zisanu ndi ziwiri zimene Wú Lǐzhēn anabzala pamwamba pa phiri la Méngdǐng zaka zoposa zikwi ziwiri zapitazo, zinakhala makolo a tiyi zonse zolimidwa za China. Malo obzalidwapo — “Imperial Tea Garden” (皇茶园, Huáng Chá Yuán) — akalipobe mpaka lero ndipo ndi malo aulendo wa chipembedzo.
Msonkho wosalekeza kwa zaka chikwi: Tiyi wa ku phiri la Méngdǐng unkatumizidwa ku nyumba yachifumu kuyambira nthawi ya Táng mpaka kumapeto kwa Qīng — zaka zoposa 1,000 zopanda kusweka za kutumiza. Ichi ndi chomwe chachitika moposa m’madera onse a tiyi a China.
“Míngqián” yoyambirira kwambiri ku China: Chifukwa cha nyengo yofatsa ya Sìchuān, kukoma tiyi pa Méngdǐngshān kumayamba kale kumapeto kwa February — masabata 2-3 koyambirira kuposa Jiangsu kapena Zhejiang. Mwambo wapachaka wa “Dengu Loyamba la Tiyi” (第一背篓茶) — ndi kutsegulira kwa nyengo mwaulemu.
“Tiyi wokha wosakondera”: Lǐ Shízhēn mu “Běncǎo Gāngmù” adagogomezera makamaka kuti tiyi wa ku phiri la Méngdǐng ndi “wotentha” mwachibadwa ndipo “amatha kuthetsa matenda,” kumusiyanitsa ndi tiyi zina zonse za China, zomwe iye ankaziganizira kuti ndi “zozizira.”
Máo Fēng ndi Gān Lù — maonekedwe awiri a Méngdǐng: Ngati Gān Lù ndi tiyi “wa pachikondwerero,” wosowa ndi wapamwamba wa zochitika zapadera, ndiye Máo Fēng ndi wa “tsiku ndi tsiku,” wofikika, koma akusungabe mkhalidwe weniweni wa phiri la Méngdǐng. Kwa mamilioni a anthu a ku Sìchuān, Máo Fēng ndiye tiyi wawo “weniweni” wa tsiku lililonse.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi tiyi zina zobiriwira:

Méngdǐng Gān Lù (蒙顶甘露, Méngdǐng Gān Lù): “Wachibale” wapamtima — tiyi wobiriwira wapamwamba wochokera paphiri lomwelo la Méngdǐng. Kusiyana: Gān Lù amapangidwa ndi zopangira zofewa kwambiri (makamaka ng’ona yokha kapena ng’ona + tsamba limodzi la masika oyambirira), maonekedwe ake ndi opotoka kwambiri ndi aubweya, fungo lake ndi lamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo kukoma kuli kokwanira, kotsekemera komanso kokhala ndi magawo ambiri. Máo Fēng ndi wosavuta m’mapangidwe, wokhala ndi maonekedwe oongoka a tsamba, wotsika mtengo, koma akusungabe mkhalidwe wa terroir ya Méngdǐng.
Huángshān Máo Fēng (黄山毛峰, Huángshān Máo Fēng): “Máo fēng” wotchuka wa ku Ānhuī kuchokera mu “Great Ten Teas of China.” Zopangira — zamasamba ang’onoang’ono, za mitundu ya ku Ānhuī; maonekedwe — “malilime a mpheta” okhala ndi kawonekedwe ka golide (象牙色, “mtundu wa minyanga ya njovu”). Fungo ndi lamaluwa kwambiri, la “orchid”; kukoma ndi kotsogola kwambiri ndi kofewa. Méngdǐng Máo Fēng ndi wamphamvu, “wokhuthala,” wokhala ndi mpweya wowoneka bwino wa chestnut.
Lóngjǐng (龙井, Lóngjǐng): Maonekedwe a tsamba lathyathyathya, loponderezedwa, fungo lowala la nkhono, mawonekedwe a “nyemba,” m’maonekedwe a “kukazinga.” Méngdǐng Máo Fēng si lathyathyathya, ali ndi ubweya wowoneka bwino ndi mkhalidwe wamaluwa-chestnut, osati “wa nkhono” kwambiri.
Bìluóchūn (碧螺春, Bìluóchūn): Zozungulira zazing’ono zopota zokhala ndi ubweya wambiri; mawonekedwe amaluwa-zipatso owala, kukoma kofewa ndi kotsitsimutsa. Méngdǐng Máo Fēng ndi woongoka m’maonekedwe, wochepera kukhala wa maluwa, wokhala ndi gawo lowoneka bwino la “chestnut.”

Pomaliza:

Méngdǐng Máo Fēng ndi tiyi umene mbiri ya zaka zikwi ziwiri ya phiri la Méngdǐng imakhala yofikika komanso yogwirika. Masamba ake a siliva, okutidwa ndi ubweya, obadwa m’nkhungu za limodzi mwa mapiri olemekezeka kwambiri a tiyi padziko lonse, amapereka madzi a tiyi okhala ndi fungo loyera la maluwa-chestnut, kukoma kofewa, kotsekemera ndi kakomedwe katsopano kakanthawi kochepa. Uwu si tiyi chabe — ndi mlatho wa tsiku ndi tsiku ku mbiri ya zaka chikwi, ulusi wamoyo wolumikiza wokonda tiyi wamakono ndi nthano ya tiyi zisanu ndi ziwiri za Wú Lǐzhēn. Kwa iwo omwe akufuna kusakaniza pakati pa kufikika ndi kukhala weniweni, pakati pa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku ndi mwambo waukulu, Méngdǐng Máo Fēng ndi kusankha kwabwino.