Huangshan Yun Wu · new.thetea.app

Huangshan Yun Wu ndi tiyi wobiriŵira wakale wa kumtunda, wokhala ndi mbiri ya zaka zambiri, wobadwa m’chifunga chodabwitsa cha mapiri a Yellow Mountains. Tiyi uyu amadziŵika kuti ndiye kholo lakale la Huangshan Mao Feng yodziŵika, ndipo ali m’gulu lalikulu la “tiyi yamitambo” (云雾茶, yúnwù chá)—tiyi wobiriŵira womwe umalimidwa m’malo okwezeka, wophimbidwa ndi mitambo ndi chifunga. Makhalidwe ake ofewa, otsitsimutsa, onunkhira udzu ndi mtedza—chizindikiro chachindunji cha terroir yapadera ya mapiri a Huangshan, kumene mitambo imakumbatira tchire la tiyi pafupifupi chaka chonse.

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tiyi wobiriŵira (绿茶, lǜchá), wosavundikidwa. Ali m’gulu la yunwu (云雾, yún wù—‘mitambo ndi chifunga’)—kachitidwe kapadera ka tiyi wobiriŵira wa m’mapiri, wolimidwa m’malo amene nthawi zambiri kumakhala mitambo.
Gulu: Tiyi wotchuka wa China (中国名茶, Zhōngguó míngchá). Tiyi wa mbiri ya chigawo cha Anhui.
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Anhui (安徽省, Ānhuī shěng), m’gulu la mapiri la Huangshan (黄山, Huángshān—‘Yellow Mountains’), makamaka m’boma la Shexian (歙县, Shèxiàn). Mapiri a Huangshan ndi malo a World Heritage a UNESCO (kuyambira 1990, ndi udindo wapawiri: cholengedwa ndi chikhalidwe).
Ma Coordinates a Geographical: M’gulu la mapiri la Huangshan lili pafupifupi pakati pa 30°01′–30°18′ N ndi 118°01′–118°17′ E.

2. Mbiri ndi Chikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Kulima tiyi m’mapiri a Huangshan ndi kwakale kwambiri. Malinga ndi “Kulemba Kwakale kwa Huizhou” (《徽州府志》, Huīzhōu fǔzhì), ulimi wa tiyi m’dera la Huangshan unayamba m’nthawi ya Northern Song (宋朝, Sòng cháo), m’zaka zaulamuliro wa Jiayou (嘉祐, Jiāyòu, 1056–1063), ndipo unakula kwambiri m’nthawi ya Ming (明朝, Míng cháo), m’zaka za Longqing (隆庆, Lóngqìng, 1567–1572). Wolemba mabuku wa Ming Xu Chu (许楚, Xǔ Chǔ) m’buku lake “Zolemba za Ulendo Wopita ku Huangshan” anasiya umboni wodabwitsa: “Kumalo opatulika a Lianhua-an, m’mipata ya miyala amalima tiyi; wadzaza ndi fungo loyera ndi kukongola kozizira, komwe kumalowa mpaka pansi; amatchedwa tiyi wachifunga wa Huangshan.”

Tiyi uyu wa “tiyi wachifunga wa Huangshan” ndiye amamuona ngati kholo la Huangshan Mao Feng (黄山毛峰, Huángshān Máofēng), yemwe anapangidwa mu 1875 ndi wamalonda wa tiyi Xie Zheng’an (谢正安, Xiè Zhènɡ’ān, dzina la mabuku Jinghe 静和) wa ku boma la Shexian. Xie Zheng’an anakhazikitsa kampani ya tiyi “Xie Yu Da” (谢裕大, Xiè Yùdà), ndipo anasankhira tiyi wake watsopano zitsulo zaing’ono ndi zofewa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza ndi yunwu wakale—“nsonga zoyera zaubweya, zooneka ngati nsonga za mapiri”—ndipo anaitcha “Mao Feng” (毛峰, ‘nsonga zaubweya’). Motero, Yun Wu akuyimira mwambo wakale kwambiri, wa “alimi” wa kapangidwe ka tiyi ku Huangshan, pamene Mao Feng ndi chitukuko chake chowoneka bwino cha malonda.

Wolemba wa Qing Jiang Chengyun (江澄云, Jiāng Chéngyún) mu “Zolemba za M’ketulo Wosalira” (《素壶便录》, Sùhú biànlù) analongosola tiyi uyu motere: “Ku Huangshan kuli tiyi wachifunga; amamera pa nsonga zokwezeka kwambiri, kumene utsi umazungulira ndipo mitambo imagwedeza, ndipo mame ndi chifunga zimamudyetsa; nthambi za zitsamba zina zili ndi zaka mazana; mzimu wake ndi wodekha ndi wolemekezeka, fungo lake ndi lakuthwa, popanda chimake cha chipongwe; ayenera kuonedwa ngati woyamba pakati pa tiyi onse.”
Dzina:
- Huangshan (黄山, Huángshān) —‘Yellow Mountains’, gulu lodabwitsa la mapiri a m’chigawo cha Anhui, lotchedwa motengera Emperor Wofiira Wodabwitsa (黄帝, Huángdì), yemwe malinga ndi nthano, anachita alchemy kuno ndipo anapeza moyo wosatha.
- Yun Wu (云雾, Yún Wù) —‘mitambo ndi chifunga’. Zimasonyeza nyengo yachilengedwe ya malo amene amamera kumeneku: nsonga za Huangshan nthawi zambiri zaphimbidwa ndi mitambo yolimba ndi chifunga pafupifupi chaka chonse. Dzina lonse—‘Tiyi Wobiriŵira Wachifunga Wochokera ku Yellow Mountains’.
Chikhalidwe: Mapiri a Huangshan, oimbidwa ndi olemba ndakatulo ndi ajambula kwa zaka zikwi, ndi amodzi mwa malo opatulika a chikhalidwe cha China. Mapiri awo odabwitsa a granite, mitengo yochititsa chidwi ya paini ndi mitambo yosatha—mitu yokhazikika ya sukulu ya kujambula ndi ndakatulo ya Huizhou. Tiyi Yun Wu, wobadwa m’zowoneka zodabwitsazi, amamuwona ngati chizindikiro chowoneka cha mgwirizano wa dziko lapansi ndi kumwamba, chilengedwe ndi mzimu. Huangshan ndiyenso kwawo kwa nyenyezi zolumikizana za tiyi zodziŵika: kuphatikizapo Yun Wu ndi Mao Feng, kumeneku amapanga Taiping Hou Kui (太平猴魁, Tàipíng Hóukuí) ndi Qimen Hong Cha (祁门红茶, Qímén Hóngchá). N’zomveka, Huangshan amatchedwa “likulu la tiyi otchuka a China”—mndandanda wa tiyi khumi aakulu a China, atatu ndi a m’dera lino.

3. Kufotokozera kwa Botanical ndi Zipangizo:

Mtundu / Cultivar: Amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa tchire la tiyi Camellia sinensis var. sinensis—Qimen Xiaoyezhong (祁门小叶种, Qímén Xiǎoyèzhǒng), kwenikweni ‘mtundu wa Qimen wa masamba aang’ono’. Ndicho chitsamba chosafika pamtunda wotalika pafupifupi 1 m, ndi chimwemwe chobisika ndi masamba aang’ono owoneka ngati ovals ndi khungu lolemera lalitali 5–7 cm. Mphukira zimaphimbidwa ndi ubweya woyera kwambiri (白毫, báiháo).
Kusonkhanitsa: Kusonkhanitsa pamanja kumachitika theka lachiwiri la April, pamene mphukira zafika pamsinkhu woyenera. Mwambo wa kusonkhanitsa kwa Yun Wu—mphukira ndi masamba atatu kapena anayi apamwamba (一芽三四叶, yī yá sān sì yè), zomwe n’zosiyana kwambiri ndi kusonkhanitsa koyambirira ndi kofewa kopangira Mao Feng (一芽一叶, yī yá yī yè). Kugwiritsa ntchito masamba okhwima kwambiri kumapatsa Yun Wu chidzalo chake chokhazikika ndi mawonekedwe ake onunkhira udzu ndi mtedza.
Zofunikira ku Zipangizo: Amasankha masamba athanzi, osakwana, osawonongeka, ankhondo obiriŵira kwambiri, opanda zipsera, matenda kapena kuvulala kwamakina. Mphukira—ndi ubweya woyera wosonyezedwa bwino.

4. Terroir ndi Khalidwe la Kulima:

Dera: Gulu la mapiri la Huangshan m’chigawo cha Anhui—limodzi mwa madera okongola kwambiri ndi a zachilengedwe a Eastern China. Mapiri a Huangshan amene amakhala ndi malo pafupifupi 1,200 km² ndipo amaphatikiza nsonga 72, nsonga yokwera kwambiri—Lianhua Feng (莲花峰, Liánhuā Fēng—‘Nsonga ya Lotus’)—imafika mamita 1,864.
Msinkhu wa Kukula: Minda ya tiyi ili pamtunda wa 600–1,000 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Nthaka: Zochuluka ndi nthaka yofiira yam’nkhalango (黄棕壤, huáng zōng rǎng), yopangidwa pa maziko a granite. Nthaka ndi acidic (pH 4.5–5.5), yopanda madzi, yolemera ndi zinthu za organic ndi mchere.
Nyengo: Yotentha, ndi masika ozizira komanso atali. Kutentha kwapachaka kumayambira +11 mpaka +15°C. Mvula yapachaka pafupifupi 1,800 mm. Chinyezi chapamwamba chimapitirira kupitirira 80%.
Khalidwe lalikulu la terroir—kudzala kwa mitambo: Mapiri a Huangshan amaphimbidwa ndi chifunga ndi mitambo masiku 200–250 pachaka (pafupifupi 70% ya masiku). “Malo a mitambo” amenewa ndiye chinthu chofunikira pa khalidwe la tiyi: kuwala kumwazikana, kumadutsa m’chifunga, kumachedwetsa kukula kwa tchire la tiyi ndi kufewetsa photosynthesis, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa ma catechin (zomwe zimabweretsa kusongoneka) komanso kudziunjikira kwa ma amino acid a mwayi, makamaka L-theanine, yomwe imapangitsa kutsekemera, umami ndi “kuzama” kwa kukoma. Ndicho chiŵerengero chokwera cha ma amino acid ku ma catechin chomwe chimapangitsa kuti tiyi ya yunwu ikhale yofewa komanso yotsekemera chonchi.
Ecology ya kulima: Minda ya tiyi ya Huangshan yazunguliridwa ndi nkhalango zosakhudzidwa za paini, nsungwi ndi mitengo ya camphor. Mwambo wakale, kulima kumachitika popanda mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi ophera udzu, pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza wamanyowa (manyowa ofupsa) ndi kupalira pamanja. Ecosystem yolemera ya mapiri—ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera ndi nyama—ndi yowongolera mwachilengedwe tizilombo towononga.

5. Tekinoloje Yopangira:

Kupanga kwa Huangshan Yun Wu kumatsatira mwambo wakale wa kupanga tiyi wobiriŵira, wokhala ndi zigawo zomwe zimadziŵika ku chikole cha tiyi cha Huizhou:

Kusonkhanitsa (采摘, cǎizhāi): Kusonkhanitsa pamanja kwa mphukira zokhwima—mphukira ndi masamba atatu kapena anayi. Kuchitika pakati mpaka kumapeto kwa April.
Kufowoketsa (萎凋, wěidiāo): Masamba osonkhanitsidwa amawawala mopyapyala pamtundu wamthunzi kapena m’chipinda cholowera mpweya kwa maola 6–8 kuti atayire pafupifupi 15% ya chinyezi. Masamba amakhala otambasuka ndi oyenera kusinthidwa kopitilira.
Kuphika Masamba, ‘Kupha Masamba’ (杀青, shāqīng): Kuwotcha mwachangu pamanja m’miphika yamoto ya chitsulo (铁锅, tiěguō) pa kutentha kwa 180–200°C. Kuchepetsa mphamvu kwa ma enzyme kumaimitsa okosijeni, kukonza mtundu wobiriŵira wa masamba ndi fungo latsopano la “amoyo”. Gawo lofunika kwambiri, lofuna kuti katswiri asasinthe bwino kutentha ndi nthawi.
Kupotoza (揉捻, róuniǎn): Masamba amapatsidwa mawonekedwe ake opotozedwa pang’ono ngati mitanda, kawirikawiri pamanja, ndi kupanikiza kopepuka kwa zanja. Kupotoza kumaphwanya makoma a ma cell, kumamasula gawo la madzi ake, zomwe zimalemeretsa kukoma kwa kumwa.
Kuwumitsa m’magao angapo (烘干, hōnggān): Kumachitika m’magao angapo. Kuwumitsa koyamba—ndi mpweya wotentha pa ~90°C mpaka chinyezi chokwana pafupifupi 20%. Kenaka masamba amatha kugubuduzidwa pang’ono kuti asakanize kapangidwe kake. Kuwumitsa komaliza—pa kutentha kocheperako (~60°C), nthawi zambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ng’anjo za makala amwambo (炭火烘焙, tànhuǒ hōngbèi), mpaka chinyezi chotsalira chosapitirira 6%. Kuwumitsa ndi makala kumapatsa tiyi mawonekedwe ake owotcha pang’ono.
Kusankha (分级, fēnjí): Tiyi womalizidwa amawusefera kupyola sieve, kuchotsa masamba osweka ndi timitengo, ndi kuwagawa m’magulu malinga ndi khalidwe: gulu lapamwamba (特级, tèjí), gulu loyamba (一级, yījí) ndiponso ena otsatira.

6. Khalidwe la Organoleptic:

Maonekedwe a masamba owuma: Mitanda yopotozedwa pang’ono, yotalika (mpaka 5–7 cm) ya mtundu wobiriŵira wa maolivi kapena wobiriŵira wa gray, wokhala ndi ubweya woyera wosonyezedwa kwambiri pamphukira. Maonekedwe ake nthawi zina amalongosoledwa mwandakatulo monga ‘masamba aubweya’ (毫锋, háo fēng). Masamba osakwana, ofanana, opanda zidutswa.
Fungo la masamba owuma: Latsopano, la udzu, lokhala ndi mawu opepuka a maluwa ndi mawu osamveka bwino a mtedza owotcha, omwe amadziŵika ndi kuwumitsa ndi makala.
Fungo la kumwa: Lofewa, latsopano, lopambana ndi mawu a udzu ndi maluwa. Pa kupendekera kwachiwiri kapena kwachitatu, mawu opepuka a nthanga zokazinga, mtedza wa chestnut kapena chimanga amawonekera—chizindikiro cha sukulu ya kutcherera ya Huizhou.
Kukoma: Kofewa, kotsitsimutsa, kotsekemera pang’ono. Mbiri yaikulu—ya udzu ndi mtedza, ndi kakomedwe ka mtedza wa m’nkhalango, chimanga chowotcha ndi udzu watsopano. Kuwawa kumakhala kochepa kapena kofooka, kuwa kulibe. Thupi la kumwa liri lapakati, kusintha kwake kusalala. Kununkhira kwapambuyo kumakhala koyera, kotsitsimutsa, ndi kumveketsa kotsekemera kobwerezera (回甘, huígān).
Mtundu wa kumwa: Wowala, wachikasu chowala ndi kawundu kowonekera kobiriŵira, nthawi zina amafanizidwa ndi mtundu wa champagne yowala. Wowala, woyera.
Pansi pa tiyi (masamba ophikidwa): Masamba osakwana, ofewa ndi mphukira za mtundu wobiriŵira kwambiri kapena wa maolivi, zomwe zimasunga bwino kapangidwe kake. Masamba amatseguka mosiyanasiyana, kusonyeza khalidwe labwino la zipangizo.

7. Kapangidwe ka Chemical:

Polyphenols (ma catechin): Zomwe zili polyphenols zonse—18–25% ya kulemera kwa sec. Catechin yaikulu—EGCG (epigallocatechin-3-gallate), antioxidant yamphamvu. Chifukwa cha terroir ya m’mapiri ndi chifunga, zomwe zili ma catechin mu Yun Wu ndi zochepa pang’ono kuposa tiyi wobiriŵira wa m’zigwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kufewa kwa kukoma ndi kuchepa kwa kuwawa.
Ma Amino Acid: Kuchuluka kwa L-theanine—pafupifupi 2–3% ya kulemera kwa sec, zomwe ndi zapamwamba kwambiri kuposa mulingo wamba wa tiyi wobiriŵira. Kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa L-theanine ndi zotsatira zachindunji za kuwala kumwazikana ndi kukula kocheperako m’malo a mitambo. Ndicho L-theanine imene imapanga kakomedwe kotsekemera, komwe kumafanana ndi ‘umami’.
Alkaloids: Kafeini—2–3% ya kulemera kwa sec. Chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito masamba okhwima kwambiri (poyerekeza ndi Mao Feng), kuchuluka kwa kafeini kumatha kukhala kwapakati. Theobromine ndi theophylline—mu zitsanzo zochepa.
Mavitamini: Ascorbic acid (C), riboflavin (B₂), thiamine (B₁).
Mchere: Potaziyamu, fluoride, manganizi, zinki. Maziko a granite a nthaka amalemeretsa tiyi ndi mchere wa trace.
Chlorophyll: Kuchuluka kwakukulu chifukwa cha kuphika masamba (shaqing), kumapatsa masamba ndi kumwa mtundu wawo wobiriŵira.
Mafuta Onunkhira: Cis-3-hexenol ndi ma ester ake (mawu a udzu), 2-acetylpyrrole ndi furfural (mawu owotcha ochokera ku kuwumitsa ndi makala), linalool ndi ma oxide ake (mawu opepuka a maluwa).

8. Ubwino Wathanzi:

Ntchito ya Antioxidant: Ma catechin a tiyi wobiriŵira (EGCG) amalowetsa bwino ma free radical, kuteteza ma cell ku mavuto a okosijeni.
Ntchito yofewa yopatsa mphamvu: Kuchuluka kwapakati kwa kafeini kuphatikizana ndi mulingo wokwera wa L-theanine kumapereka mkhalidwe wa “khalidwe lodekha”—kuganizira kokhazikika popanda nkhawa. Ntchito yothandizana imeneyi imalongosoledwa monga “kuganizira kopumula” ndipo ndi imodzi mwa ubwino wamtengo wapatali wa tiyi wobiriŵira wa m’mapiri.
Kuwongolera kwa kugaya: Ma polyphenol amathandizira kuti mafuta osungunula azituluka, asokoneze bwino metabolism, ndi kuthandizira kugawa mafuta.
Thandizo la dongosolo la mtima: Kumwa tiyi wobiriŵira pafupipafupi kumalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwa cholesterol ya LDL, kuwongolera kukhazikika kwa mitsempha, ndi kusokoneza bwino kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi: Vitamin C ndi ma catechin amathandizira ntchito zotetezera za thupi ndipo ali ndi mphamvu yoletsa mavairasi.
Ntchito zaubongo: L-theanine imathandizira kupanga mafunde a alpha muubongo, kukulitsa luso loganizira, kuphunzira ndi kuganiza mozama.
Thandizo la thanzi la m’kamwa: Fluoride ndi ma catechin amakhala ndi mphamvu yoletsa mabakiteriya, kuletsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa matenda othawa.

9. Kuphika:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 75–85°C. Madzi owira amawononga masamba ofewa ndikutulutsa kuwawa kochuluka.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 3–5 g pa 150–200 ml a madzi.
Zida: Gaiwan (盖碗, gàiwǎn) yopangidwa ndi porcelain yoyera—chisankho chachikale, chololeza kuyamikira fungo ndi kuwongolera nthawi ya kuphika. Ketulo kapena kapu ya galasi zili zoyeneranso—kupyoza galasi mungathe kuwona “kuvina” kwa masamba a tiyi m’madzi. Kettle ya porcelain—yophikira mu kalembedwe ka ku Ulaya.
Ndondomeko:
1. Tenthetsani ziwiya ndi madzi owira ndikutsani madziwo.
2. Thirani tiyi wouma.
3. Thirani madzi a kutentha koyenera ndikutsani mwamsanga kuphika koyamba (kuyeretsa, 洗茶, xǐ chá)—izi zidzadzutsa masamba ndikuchotsa fumbi.
4. Thirani kachiwiri, khalani ndi kusungunula kwa masekondi 30–60 (kupendekera koyamba).
5. Gawani kumwa m’makapu.
6. Kupendekera kotsatira—ndikuwonjezera nthawi mwa masekondi 10–15 iliyonse. Huangshan Yun Wu wabwino amathera kupendekera 4–6, akutulutsa mawu atsopano a kukoma ndi kupsyopsyona kuli kuli.

10. Kusunga:

Kutentha: Koyenera—mufiriji pa 0–5°C, m’chidebe chosindikizidwa, chosiyana ndi zakudya zothithimira. N’zotheka kusunga pa kutentha kwa chipinda m’chipinda chozizira (kosapitirira 20°C).
Chidebe: Chosindikizidwa, chosaonekera—chidebe chachitsulo, thumba lovuta la vacuum, kapu ya porcelain yokhala ndi chivundikiro cholimba.
Adani a tiyi: Chinyezi, kuwala, mpweya, fungo lina, kutentha kwakukulu.
Nthawi yosunga: Miyezi 12–18 m’mikhalidwe yoyenera. Tiyi wobiriŵira sayamba kukhala wabwino ndi nthaŵi; tikulimbikitsidwa kumwa m’chaka chimodzi kuchokera kusonkhanitsa kuti mukhale atsopano kwambiri.

11. Mtengo ndi Zopeka:

Mtengo wa Huangshan Yun Wu umasiyanasiyana malinga ndi gulu (lapamwamba, loyamba, lachiwiri), nthawi yosonkhanitsa ndi njira yokonza (yamanja vs. yamakina). Tiyi wapamwamba wopangidwa pamanja kuchokera kudera lalikulu la kulima ndi wodula kwambiri. Yun Wu, nthawi zambiri amakhala wotsika mtengo kuposa Huangshan Mao Feng wapamwamba, zomwe zimamupangitsa kukhala njira yosangalatsa yodziŵira mwambo wa tiyi wa Huangshan.

Momwe mungapewere zopeka:

Maonekedwe: Masamba ayenera kukhala osakwana, osopotozedwa pang’ono, ndi ubweya woyera wowoneka. Tiyi wosweka, wachifumo—chizindikiro cha khalidwe lotsika kapena kusintha.
Fungo: Latsopano, la udzu ndi mtedza, popanda fungo lina (kutuluka, nkhungu, fungo la nsomba). Tiyi wopakidwa utoto wochita kupangidwa akhoza kukhala ndi mtundu wobiriŵira wowala modabwitsa.
Kumwa: Koyera, kachikasu kowala kobiriŵira. Kumwa kochita chiyambi, kwakuda—chizindikiro choyipa.
Chiyambi: M’dzina la tiyi wa Huangshan Yun Wu nthawi zambiri amagulitsa tiyi wobiriŵira wotsika mtengo kuchokera ku madera ena. Gwirani ntchito ndi ogulitsa odalirika, kusonyeza malo enieni a kupanga (Shexian, Huangshan).
Mtengo: Mtengo wotsika kwambiri mopanda chifukwa wa tiyi wa gulu limeneli uyenera kukudzutsani nkhaŵa.

12. Zinthu Zochititsa Chidwi:

Huangshan Yun Wu amaonedwa kuti ndi kholo la mbiri ya Huangshan Mao Feng. Malinga ndi olemba mbiri a tiyi, “Mao Feng kwenikweni ndi chitukuko chowoneka bwino cha Yun Wu, chopangidwa posankha zipangizo zazing’ono ndi kukonza mwaluso njira yowotcha.”
Dzina loti “Yun Wu” (mitambo ndi chifunga) si chithunzithunzi cholembedwa chabe: mapiri a Huangshan amaphimbidwa ndi chifunga ndi mitambo masiku 200–250 pachaka. Pali mwambi wa kuno: “Patsiku loyera—mamawa ndi madzulo kuli chifunga ponseponse, pa tsiku lamvula—tsiku lonse mapiri ali ndi mitambo” (晴时早晚遍地雾，阴雨成天满山云).
Mapiri a Huangshan ndi malo okha ku China amene anatulutsa tiyi atatu ochokera m’gulu la “khumi aakulu”: Mao Feng, Taiping Hou Kui ndi Qimen Hong Cha. Yun Wu monga kholo lawo la mbiri ali ndi malo olemekezeka mu mzera wa tiyi wa m’deralo.
Wophika wa Qing Jiang Chengyun m’zaka za m’ma 1700 anatcha tiyi wachifunga wa Huangshan “woyamba pakati pa tiyi onse” (当为茶品中第一, dāng wéi chápin zhōng dì yī)—kawunikidwe kapadera pa nthawi imeneyo, poganizira mpikisano ndi Longjing ndi Biluochun.
Wamalonda wa tiyi Xie Zheng’an, mlengi wa Mao Feng, anachita bwino kwambiri pogulitsa tiyi wa Huangshan ku Shanghai moti msewu umene ofesi yake ya tiyi inalili unatchedwa Caoxi Lu (漕溪路)—kutengera dzina la mudzi wawo Caoxi ku boma la Shexian. Caoxi Lu ilipobe ku Shanghai lero.

13. Kufanizira ndi Tiyi Wina Wobiriŵira:

Huangshan Mao Feng (黄山毛峰, Huángshān Máofēng): Wachibale wapamtima. Mao Feng amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zazing’ono, zofewa (mphukira ndi tsamba limodzi), zomwe zimapereka kukoma kopepuka, kofewa ndi mawu onunkhira maluwa. Yun Wu, ndi masamba ake okhwima, ndi wodzaza kwambiri, ndi mawu onunkhira mtedza omveka bwino ndi chikhalidwe cha “kumudzi”. Mao Feng ndi wodula kwambiri ndi wolemekezeka; Yun Wu ndi wakuzama ndi “wamlimi”.
Lushan Yun Wu (庐山云雾茶, Lúshān Yún Wù Chá): Tiyi winanso wotchuka wa yunwu kuchokera ku chigawo cha Jiangxi (江西, Jiāngxī). Amamera pa phiri la Lushan (庐山)—lomwenso ndi malo a World Heritage a UNESCO. Poyerekeza ndi Huangshan Yun Wu, mtundu wa Lushan nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi mawu onunkhira udzu omveka bwino komanso kapangidwe ka kumwa kolimba, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mtundu wina wa nthaka ndi mtundu wina wa tchire.
Xinyang Mao Jian (信阳毛尖, Xìnyáng Máojiān): Tiyi wobiriŵira kuchokera ku chigawo cha Henan (河南), wokhalanso ndi ubweya woyera wowonekera. Masamba ake ndi aang’ono kwambiri ndi osongoka, kuposa Yun Wu; kukoma—ndi kakuwawa katsopano ka “kobiriŵira” komwe kumadziŵika bwino ndi fungo lalikulu.
Taiping Hou Kui (太平猴魁, Tàipíng Hóukuí): Tiyi winanso wamkulu wobiriŵira wa Huangshan, koma ndi chikhalidwe chosiyana kotheratu: masamba aakulu ophatikizika, kukoma kolimba “kwamafuta” ndi mawu onunkhira a orchid. Yun Wu—ndi mnansi wake wodzichepetsa, koma wosayenera kupeŵa, m’mapiri.

14. Zosowa Zotheka:

Kusalolera kwa munthu payekha kwa zigawo za tiyi wobiriŵira.
Kukhudzidwa kwakukulu ndi kafeini: n’zotheka kugona, kugunda kwa mtima, nkhawa.
Mimba ndi nthawi yoyamwitsa: tikulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsa kumwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kafeini.
Kuipiraipira kwa matenda a m’mimba (gastritis, zilonda): sayenera kumwa tiyi wolimba pa m’mimba mopanda chakudya.
Matenda aakulu a mtima ndi mitsempha: tikulimbikitsidwa kupatsidwa langizo la dokotala musanayambe kumwa pafupipafupi.
Sikoyenera kutsuka mankhwala ndi tiyi kapena kuwaphatikiza ndi mowa.

Pomaliza:

Huangshan Yun Wu—ndi tiyi wokhala ndi mzimu wa Yellow Mountains, umboni wamoyo wa momwe chilengedwe ndi nthawi zimalenga chinthu changwiro. Wobadwa m’mitambo, wothiridwa ndi chifunga ndi mame, tiyi uyu amatenga m’tulo lililonse kutsekemera kofewa kwa mpweya wamapiri, kuzama kodekha kwa nkhalango yakale ndi kutentha kofewa kwa mtedza kwa ng’anjo zamakala. Yun Wu si chakumwa chabe, koma mgwirizano ndi chikhalidwe cha tiyi cha Huizhou cha zaka mazana ambiri, chimene mizu yake imafika ku nthawi ya Song. Kwa iwo amene amayamikira tiyi wokhala ndi mbiri ndi chikhalidwe, Huangshan Yun Wu ndi malo abwino olowera m’dziko la tiyi aakulu a chigawo cha Anhui: wotsika mtengo kuposa Mao Feng, koma wosalephera kuzama ndi kusiyana kwake.