Gùizhōu Māodòng Hóng Chá

Gùizhōu Māodòng Hóng Chá ndi tii wofiira wapadera wochokera kumapiri a Maodong m’chigawo cha Fenggang, m’chigawo cha Guizhou. Tii uyu amasiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu ina ya tii wofiira waku China chifukwa chakuti amakhala wopepuka, wonunkhira ngati zipatso za citrus ndi maluwa, ndipo alibe kumverako kwa malt. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chochepetsa kutsamwa (oxidation) ndi mtundu wapafupi wa chomera. Tiiwu amapangidwa m’dera limene lili ndi chilengedwe chosadetsedwa kwambiri mu China, pa nthaka yodzaza ndi zinki ndi selenium.

1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tii wofiira (红茶, hóngchá) – tii wophika mokwanira (wo-oxidized), koma mlingo wa oxidation ndi wotsika kusiyana ndi miyezo yake: pafupifupi 70–80%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi ake akhale otuwa komanso osapweteka kumverako.
Gulu: Tii wofiira wachilengedwe wa m’chigawo cha Guizhou. Amagawidwa mu gulu la tii wotchedwa “Fenggang Xīnxī Chá” (凤冈锌硒茶, Fènggāng Xīnxī Chá) – tii wothira zinki ndi selenium wochokera ku Fenggang, womwe uli ndi chizindikiritso chotetezedwa cha malo (geographical indication) ndipo walembedwa mu mgwirizano wa chitetezo cha zizindikiro zotere pakati pa EU ndi China.
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Guizhou (贵州省, Guìzhōu Shěng), mzinda wa Zunyi (遵义市, Zūnyì Shì), chigawo cha Fenggang (凤冈县, Fènggāng Xiàn), dera la Maodong (猫洞, Māodòng). Minda ya tii ili kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa mapiri a Daloushan (大娄山, Dàlóu Shān), m’dera la kumtunda kwa mtsinje wa Wujiang (乌江, Wūjiāng).
Malo ogwirizira: Pafupifupi 27°57′ N, 107°25′ E. Minda ya tii ili pamtunda wa pafupifupi 1200 m pamwamba pa nyanja.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo Lachikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Chigawo cha Guizhou ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zakale kwambiri za tii ku China. M’buku lotchedwa “Chájīng” (《茶经》), lolembedwa ndi Lù Yǔ (陆羽) mu 760, linkatchula kale “tii wochokera ku Yìzhōu” (夷州茶), pomwe Yìzhōu amafanana ndi madera amakono a Meitan ndi Fenggang. Chigawo cha Fenggang chili ndi mbiri yolembedwa ya zaka zoposa 2,000 za kulima tii. Komabe, mitundu yofiira ya tii ku Guizhou ndi yachilendo. Tii wofiira woyamba ku Guizhou anali “Méihóng” (湄红, Méihóng), wopangidwa mu 1939 pa Central Experimental Tea Factory (中央实验茶场) ku Meitan pogwiritsa ntchito luso la tii wofiira wa Yunnan. Chakumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1900 mpaka kumayambiriro kwa 2000, mothandizidwa ndi boma, kupanga tii wofiira kudera lino kunkakula kwambiri. Dera la Maodong m’chigawo cha Fenggang linasanduka limodzi mwa malo atsopano opangira tii wofiira wachilengedwe wapamwamba.
Dzina: “Māodòng” (猫洞) limatanthauza “phanga la mphaka.” Dzinali limagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a miyala ya karst m’derali – maenje, zipanga, ndi mapanga ambiri omwe amapezeka ku Guizhou. Malinga ndi nthano za kumaloko, m’phanga zimenezi kunkakhala mphaka zakuthengo (mwina civets). “Hóng Chá” (红茶) ndi liwu lofala mu gulu la tii la China lotanthauza tii wofiira.
Tanthauzo lachikhalidwe: Chigawo cha Fenggang ndi malo okhala anthu a Miao (苗族, Miáozú) ndi Dong (侗族, Dòngzú), omwe amakhala ndi miyambo yawo yaukhondo yokhudzana ndi tii. Tii amalowetsedwa mozama m’chikhalidwe cha anthu ammidzi amenewa ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito osati ngati chakumwa chokha, koma ngati chizindikiro cha miyambo: pa zochiritsira, polandira alendo, komanso pa miyambo yaukwati. Mwambo wa “yóuchá” (油茶) – tii wophika ndi mafuta ndi zokometsera – ukupezekabe ku Fenggang mpaka pano ndipo umatchulidwa m’mbiri yakale kuyambira nthawi ya Ming. Chaka chilichonse amachitika zikondwerero za tii, zomwe mwambo, nyimbo, ndi zokometsera zimakopa alendo ochokera ku China konse. Fenggang yalandira maudindo angapo monga “Chigawo Chotsogolera Chopanga Tii ku China” (中国重点产茶县) ndi “Kwawo kwa Tii Wachilengedwe Wodzaza ndi Zinki ndi Selenium” (富锌富硒有机茶之乡).

3. Kachisi wa Zomera ndi Zipangizo:

Mtundu / Cultivar: Amagwiritsa ntchito cultivar ya Fúdǐng Dàbái (福鼎大白, Fúdǐng Dàbái) komanso mtundu wofanana wa Fúdǐng Dàháo (福鼎大毫, Fúdǐng Dàháo), zomwe zidatengedwa kuchokera ku Fujian ndikuzoloŵedwa bwino ku mapiri a Guizhou. Mwazomera, zimagwirizana ndi gulu la masamba ang’onoang’ono Camellia sinensis var. sinensis. Nthambi zazing’ono za Fúdǐng Dàbái zitha kukhala ndi utoto wofiirira pang’ono chifukwa cha anthocyanin ambiri, zomwe ndi chizindikiro cha kukula kwa mapiri. Fúdǐng Dàbái ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yofunika kwambiri ya tii ku China, yomwe ili ndi udindo wa mtundu wavomerezeka wa boma (国家级良种) ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga tii woyera komanso wofiira.
Kukolola: Amakolola pamanja kuyambira kumapeto kwa Marichi mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Mulingo wokolola ndi katsamba kamene kamene kamene kanalibe kutuluka (bud) ndi masamba awiri ang’onoang’ono apamwamba (一芽二叶, yī yá èr yè). Zokolola za masika (春茶, chūnchá) zimawoneka ngati zabwino kwambiri chifukwa zimakhala ndi amino acid ndi zofunikira zonunkhira zochuluka, zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa nthawi yopumira yozizira.
Zofunikira za zipangizo: Masamba ndi ochepa (4–6 cm m’litali), okhala ndi ubweya wapamtundu wonyezimira (báiháo, 白毫, báiháo) pa timasamba. Zipangizozi zimadziwika ndi kuchuluka kwa L-theanine ndi mafuta onunkhira, makamaka ma monoterpene alcohols (linalool, geraniol), omwe amapanga fungo la maluwa.

4. Chigawo ndi Makhalidwe Olima:

Dera: Mapiri akumpoto chakum’mawa kwa Daloushan (大娄山) kumpoto kwa chigawo cha Guizhou. Derali lili m’chigawo cha kumtunda kwa mtsinje wa Wujiang, chomwe chili m’gawo la tii la “Middle Wujiang” (乌江中游茶区) – limodzi mwa madera ofunika a tii ku Guizhou.
Kutalika: Pafupifupi 1200 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Nthaka: Nthaka zachikasu (黄壤, huáng rǎng) ndi asidi (pH 5.5–6.5), zopangidwa pa miyala ya carbonate m’dera la karst. Nthakazo ndi zodzaza ndi iron oxides ndi manganese, komanso zili ndi kuchuluka kwa zinki (Zn) ndi selenium (Se) – chomwe ndi chizindikiro cha dera la Fenggang, chomwe chinapereka dzina la chizindikiro cha “Xīnxī Chá”.
Nyengo: Nyengo yotentha ndi mvula (subtropical monsoon) ndi mawonekedwe a mapiri. Kutentha kwa pachaka kumakhala +14.5–15.5 °C, mvula ya pachaka pafupifupi 1100–1300 mm. Kumakhala ndi nkhungu zambiri (masiku opitilira 200 pachaka), chinyezi chambiri, komanso kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa usiku ndi usana (kufika 10–12 °C). Kusinthaku kumapangitsa kuti chomera cha tii chichepetse kukula, ndikusonkhanitsa m’masamba onunkhira, shuga, ndi amino acid ambiri. Guizhou imadziwika ndi mawu akuti “malo okwezeka, latitude yotsika, dzuwa lochepa, nkhungu zambiri, zopanda zonyansa” (高海拔、低纬度、寡日照、多云雾、无污染), zomwe zikulongosola malo abwino olimira tii. Kafukufuku wochokera ku Guizhou Tea Institute watsimikizira kuti tii wochokera ku Fenggang amapitilira miyezo ya dziko pa zinthu zosungunuka m’madzi, amino acid, ndi polyphenols a tii.
Makhalidwe olima: Minda imayendetsedwa malinga ndi mfundo zaulimi wachilengedwe. Monga manyowa amagwiritsa ntchito kompositi yachilengedwe yopangidwa ndi zotsalira za nsungwi ndi mankhusu a mpunga. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi ma herbicides samagwiritsidwa ntchito. Fenggang ndi chigawo choyamba kutulutsa tii kunja ku Guizhou, chili ndi mabungwe 15 omwe ali ndi ziphaso zachilengedwe (organic certification) ndi 26 omwe ali ndi HACCP certification.

5. Njira Yopangira:

Kupanga Māodòng Hóng Chá kumatsatira njira yachikale ya tii wofiira komanso makhalidwe a mderalo, zomwe zimafuna kupeza mbiri yopepuka, yonunkhira bwino:

Kufowoketsa (萎凋, wěidiāo): Njira yophatikiza – choyamba padzuwa pansi pa nsalu yophimba (shài qīng, 晒青) kwa maola 2-3, kenako pamthunzi pa matayala a nsungwi (yīn wěidiāo, 阴萎凋). Nthawi yonse: maola 10-14. Cholinga ndi kuchepetsa chinyezi m’masamba kufika 60-65% ndikuyambitsa kusintha kwa biochemical: kuyambitsa ma enzymes, kugawanikaku pang’ono kwa mapuloteni, ndikuyamba kupanga zofunikira zonunkhira.
Kupotoza (揉捻, róuniǎn): Kupotoza pamakina (roller) kwa mphindi 30-40. Chofunikira cha tii uyu ndi kupanga timipira tolimba kapena granules (珠形, zhūxíng) m’malo mwa mawonekedwe opotoka. Mawonekedwe oterewa amathandizira kusungidwa kwa mafuta onunkhira ndikutulutsa kokoma mofanana pakapangidwako.
Kutenthetsa / Oxidation (发酵, fājiào): Masamba opotoka amaikidwa m’zipinda zokhala ndi mlengalenga woyang’aniridwa: kutentha 25–30 °C, chinyezi pafupifupi 95%. Oxidation imachitika kwa maola 3-5 ndipo imayimitsidwa ikafika 70-80% - yotsika kwambiri kuposa mitundu yambiri ya tii wofiira (yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala 85-95%). Njirayi imapangitsa kuti tiiwu azikhala wopepuka, wonunkhira maluwa, wopanda kumverako kwa malt.
Kuyanika (烘干, hōnggān): Amachitidwa m’magawo angapo ndi kutentha kosiyanasiyana: kuyanika koyamba pa 100-110 °C kuletsa oxidation, kenako kutsiriza pa 60-70 °C kuti azikakamira fungo ndikuchepetsa chinyezi kufika 3-5%.
Kusankha (分级, fēnjí): Tii womaliza amasankhidwa malinga ndi kukula, mawonekedwe, ndi khalidwe la timipira. Amasankha timipira tolimba, topotoka mofanana popanda fumbi kapena masamba osweka.

6. Makhalidwe a Zimvwikira:

Maonekedwe a masamba owuma: Timipira tolimba, topotoka bwino, tating’ono tobiriwira kwambiri, pafupifupi pafupifupi kuda, ndi konyezimira kopanda kapena golide kuchokera pa timasamba. Kukula kwa timipira – 4-6 mm m’diameter.
Fungo la masamba owuma: Lovuta komanso lamitundumitundu. Amamveka kwambiri fungo la zipatso za citrus (bergamot, pomelo), maluwa (jasmin, osmanthus), zokometsera zochepa (ginger, sinamoni) ndi mtedza (amondi).
Fungo la madzi: Lowala, latsopano, la citrus ndi maluwa, lokhala ndi kukoma kwa caramel, zipatso, ndi uchi m’kupita kwa nthawi. Pamene chakumwacho chizizira, mawu okoma amakula.
Kukoma: Wofewa, wosalala, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe a kirimu komanso thupi lopepuka. Amamveka kukoma kwa citrus, kuphatikiza kukoma kwa zipatso. Kuwawa kulibe, palibe kuwawa kapena kumverako kwa malt komwe kumapezeka m’tii yambiri yofiira. Pambuyo pomwe chakumwacho chatha, kukoma kumakhala kotalika, kotsekemera, kotsitsimula, ndikumamveka mchere – chifukwa cha nthaka ya zinki ndi selenium.
Mtundu wa madzi: Wowala, wosakwiya, wa amber wa golide. Wowala kwambiri kuposa tii yambiri yofiira, kusonyeza kutsika kwa oxidation.
Pansi pa tii (masamba opakidwa m’madzi): Masamba ofunika, ofewa komanso osalala amtundu wa copper-brown, omwe amasunga bwino maonekedwe awo. Timipira tikamasulidwa mokwanira, timasamba tonse ndi masamba aŵiri zimaonekera bwino.

7. Zomwe Zili mu Tii:

Polyphenols: Zonse – pafupifupi 15-20% (zochepa kuposa tii yambiri yofiira ya oxidation yayikulu). Zimaphatikizapo theaflavins (zimapangitsa kuwala ndi mphamvu yosangalatsa) ndi thearubigins (zimapangitsa kuzama kwa mtundu ndi kufewa). Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa oxidation, pali kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa catechins otsala, kuphatikiza EGCG (epigallocatechin-3-gallate).
Amino acid: Kuchuluka kwa L-theanine (kufika 2-3% ya kulemera kowuma), zomwe zimachitika m’tii ya mapiri yomwe imakula pang’onopang’ono. L-theanine imapatsa tii kukoma kwambiri komanso kumathandiza kupumula mofewa.
Alkaloids: Caffeine – kuchuluka kwapakati, pafupifupi 2-3% ya kulemera kowuma. Theobromine ndi theophylline – zochepa.
Mafuta onunkhira: Wodzaza ndi zinthu zonunkhira zouluka – terpenes ndi terpenoids: linalool (maluwa), α-terpineol (utoto wonyezimira ngati wa lilac), citronellol ndi geraniol (citrus ndi rozi), nerol (zipatso). Komplex iyi imapanga fungo la citrus ndi maluwa.
Mavitamini: C (osungidwa pang’ono chifukwa cha kusamala), B (B1, B2, B6), PP (nicotinic acid).
Maminerale: Potaziyamu, manganese, fluoride, komanso zinki ndi selenium – zotsatira za nthaka yapadera ya Fenggang. Kuchuluka kwa selenium mu tii womaliza nthawi zambiri kumakhala 0.25–2 mg/kg.
Anthocyanins: Amapezeka m’zipangizo (makamaka m’nthambi zachikulire zofiirira), ndipo zina zimasungidwa m’chakumwa.

8. Ubwino Wachilengedwe:

Mphamvu yofatsa: Kuchuluka kwapakati kwa caffeine kuphatikiza ndi L-theanine kumakupatsani mphamvu popanda kudumphadumpha – kukondoweza mofatsa kwinaku mukumvetsetsa bwino.
Chitetezo cha antioxidant: Gulu la polyphenols (theaflavins, catechins otsala, EGCG) ndi selenium zimagwira ntchito yoopsa ya antioxidant, kumathandiza thupi kulimbana ndi kupsinjika kwa oxidative.
Kuthandiza dongosolo la mtima ndi magazi: Theaflavins ya tii wofiira amathandizira kukhazikika kwa cholesterol ndi kukhazikika kwa magazi.
Kuthandiza chakudya: Kuchuluka kwapakati kwa tannins kumapereka chikoka chochepa, chomwe chimathandiza kugwira ntchito kwa m’mimba.
Kupumula ndi kuthetsa kupsinjika: Kuchuluka kwa L-theanine kumathandizira kupanga ma alpha waves muubongo, kuchepetsa nkhawa.
Kulimbitsa thupi: Selenium, zinki, ndi gulu la mavitamini zimathandizira chitetezo cha mthupi ndi mphamvu ya thupi.
Kusamalira khungu: Ma antioxidants ndi selenium zimathandiza kuchedwetsa ukalamba wa khungu ndi kukulitsa kukoma kwake.
Ntchito za ubongo: Kugwirizana kwa L-theanine ndi caffeine kumapangitsa kuti liwiro la kuchitapo kanthu, kukumbukira kwa nthawi yochepa, ndi kuthekera kosamalitsa zikhale bwino – zotsatira zomwe zatsimikizidwa ndi kafukufuku wa ubongo.

9. Njira Yopangira Chakumwa:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 90–95 °C. Madzi otentha kwambiri angapangitse kukoma kukhala kovuta ndikubisa mawu onunkhira abwino; madzi ozizira kwambiri sangatulutse mphamvu ya timipira.
Kuchuluka kwa tii: 4-5 magalamu pa 150 ml ya madzi pa njira yopangira mofulumira (gōngfū chá); 3 magalamu pa 200 ml pa njira yaku Ulaya.
Zotengera: Amalangizidwa kugwiritsa ntchito gaiwan yadothi (盖碗, gàiwǎn) kuti athe kutulutsa fungo momveka bwino. Mizere ya Yixing yopangidwa ndi dothi lofiirira kapena mtsuko wagalasi imagwiranso ntchito.
Ndondomeko (njira yopangira mofulumira):
1. Tenthetsani zotengera ndi madzi otentha, tsani madzi.
2. Ikani tii wouma mu gaiwan yotenthetsedwa, kuphimba ndi chivindikiro ndi kupuma fungo la masamba otenthedwa.
3. Kutsuka (润茶, rùnchá): Thirani madzi otentha ndikutsani nthawi yomweyo – izi “zidzutsa” timipira topotoka mwamphamvu.
4. Chitsulo choyamba: Thirani madzi a 90-95 °C, musiyeni kwa masekondi 15-20.
5. Zitsulo zotsatira: Onjezerani masekondi 5-10 nthawi iliyonse.
6. Tii amapirira zitsulo zokwanira 5-7, ndikutulutsa mbali zatsopano za kukoma pamene timipira topotoka timatseguka.

10. Kusunga:

Kuti tisunge kutsitsimuka ndi fungo la Māodòng Hóng Chá, tisunge m’zotengera zosakanikirana, zosawonekera – mbiya yadothi kapena chitini chotsekedwa bwino, kapena m’matumba a foilo ndi valavu. Tisunge pamalo ouma, ozizira osapitirira 25 °C, kutali ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi fungo lamphamvu (zokometsera, khofi, mankhwala apakhomo). Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zotengera zamafuta a silika gel mkati mwa chidebe. Nthawi yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito ndi miyezi 18-24 kuyambira pomwe idapangidwa. Mosiyana ndi tii wobiriwira, kusungidwa m’firiji sikofunikira, komabe sikoyenera kusunga tii pafupi ndi magwero otentha (ma heater, chitofu). Kupotoza kolimba kwa timipira kumakhalanso chitetezo: kumachedwetsa kulumikizana kwa masamba ndi mpweya ndikupititsa patsogolo kusungidwa kwa zinthu zonunkhira.

11. Mtengo ndi Zolakwika:

Gawo la mtengo: Māodòng Hóng Chá ili m’gawo lapakati ndi lapamwamba la mitengo ya tii wofiira waku China. Mtengo umadalira khalidwe la zipangizo (kuchuluka kwa masamba, nyengo yokolola), kukhalapo kwa chiphaso cha organic, ndi wopanga. Pamsika wamkati mwa China, mtengo umakhala pafupifupi 300–800 yuan pa 500 g kwa magulu okhazikika ndipo amatha kukhala okwera kwa magulu apamwamba okololedwa m’chaka. Kunja kwa China, tiiwu amapezeka mochepa, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo wake.
Mmene mungapewere zolakwika:
- Gulani tii kuchokera kwa ogulitsa odziwika bwino, omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chotsimikizika, momwe zingatheke kutchula chiyambi kuchokera m’chigawo cha Fenggang.
- Yang’anani maonekedwe – Māodòng Hóng Chá yeniyeni ili ndi mawonekedwe a timipira (珠形), osati opotoka.
- Yesani fungo la masamba owuma – payenera kukhala fungo lamphamvu la citrus ndi maluwa, lomwe silichitika m’tii yambiri yofiira.
- Yang’anani madzi – mtundu wowala wa amber-golide (osati wofiira kwambiri), kukoma kofewa, kotsekemera kopanda malt komanso kuwawa kolimba.
- Mtengo wokayikira wochepa kwambiri pa tii wonenedwa kuti ndi wochokera ku Guizhou wachilengedwe ndi chifukwa chokayikira.

12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:

Chigawo cha Fenggang ndi chodziwika bwino chifukwa cha chinthu chakale chomwe chinapezeka “Qiányǔzhī” (黔羽枝) – chimodzi mwa zomera zakale kwambiri zapansi pa dziko lapansi zaka 428 miliyoni. Uku akuutcha ndakatulo kuti “kuitana koyamba kobiriwira kwa Dziko Lapansi,” akulumikiza mwanjira yophiphiritsa kale la moyo pa nthaka ya Fenggang ndi ulemu wake wamakono wa tii.
Guizhou ndi chigawo chokha ku China chomwe chimaphatikiza zinthu zisanu zofunika pakulima tii: mapiri aatali, latitude yotsika, kuwala kwa dzuwa kochepa, nkhungu zambiri, komanso kusalowetsedwa ndi mafakitole.
Mbiri yopepuka ya citrus ya Māodòng Hóng Chá, yomwe si yachilendo kwa tii wofiira, imalola kuti ikope okonda tii wobiriwira, omwe nthawi zambiri amapewa mitundu yofiira chifukwa cha mphamvu ndi kuwawa kwake.
Fenggang ndi wotumiza kunja tii wamkulu kwambiri m’chigawo cha Guizhou – mu 2023 kuchuluka kwa tii wotumizidwa kunja kuchokera m’chigawochi kunali pafupifupi theka la chiwonetsero chonse cha chigawo.
Luso lopotoza mu timipira (珠形) limalola tii kukhala watsopano kwa nthawi yaitali posungidwa ndipo amakupatsani zitsulo zokwanira 7 pa gawo limodzi lophikira.
Mwambi wa chigawo cha Fenggang ndi “Kummawa kuli Lóngjǐng, kumadzulo kuli Fenggang” (东有龙井·西有凤冈), womwe ukutsindika zilakolako za alimi am’deralo ndipo ukutanthauza tii wofiira wotchuka kwambiri ku China.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi Mitundu Ina ya Tii Wofiira:

Diān Hóng (滇红, Diānhóng) – Yunnan: Amapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba akuluakulu Camellia sinensis var. assamica. Ili ndi fungo lamphamvu la malt ndi uchi, thupi lakuda, ndi madzi ofiira olowa lalanje. Māodòng Hóng Chá ndi yosiyana kwambiri: yopepuka, ya citrus, yopanda malt.
Qímén Hóng Chá (祁门红茶, Qímén Hóngchá) – Anhui: Imadziwika ndi fungo lovuta lomwe lili ndi maluwa a orchid, ma plums, ndi utsi wopepuka (wotchedwa “funso la Qimen”). Ndi yowawa komanso yowonjezera kukoma kuposa Maodong. Mitundu yonse iwiri imachokera ku masamba ang’onoang’ono, koma mapangidwe ake ndi osiyana kwambiri.
Zūnyì Hóng (遵义红, Zūnyì Hóng) – Guizhou: “nzika” yapafupi kwambiri kuchokera m’chigawo chomwecho cha Zunyi, koma nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kuchokera kumadera a Meitan ndi Yuqing pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wakale. Zūnyì Hóng nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kukoma kokulirapo, kokoma ngati mafuta, pomwe Māodòng Hóng Chá amakhalira wopepuka ndi watsopano.
Jīn Jùn Méi (金骏眉, Jīn Jùn Méi) – Fujian: Tii wofiira wapamwamba wa Fujian wopangidwa ndi masamba, wokhala ndi fungo lamphamvu la maluwa ndi uchi komanso kukoma kotsekemera. Amakhala pafupi ndi Maodong pa kukoma ndi kusowa kwa kuwawa, koma ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo amapangidwa ndi zipangizo zosiyana.

Pomaliza

Gùizhōu Māodòng Hóng Chá ndi tii wofiira womwe umasokoneza malingaliro okhudza “tii wakuda.” Pamene mukuyembekezera kupeza mphamvu, malt, ndi madzi ofiira olowa magazi, mumapeza kupepuka, kutsitsimula kwa citrus, ndi golide la amber mu chikho. Wobadwira pa nthaka yakale ya karst ya Fenggang, yodzazidwa ndi zinki ndi selenium, tii uyu amanyamula chiyero cha nkhungu za pamapiri ndi kufewa kwa ntchito yamanja. Māodòng Hóng Chá ndi chisankho chabwino kwa iwo omwe akufuna njira ina yosiyana ndi tii wofiira wamba ndi kulemera kwake, komanso kwa okonda tii wobiriwira, omwe ali okonzeka kutsegula dziko la masamba otenthedwa, osasiya kukongola ndi kutsitsimuka.