Dàyèqīng · new.thetea.app

Dàyèqīng (大叶青, dàyèqīng) ndi mtundu wapadera wa tiyi wachikasu, womwe ndi mkaka wa chigawo cha Guangdong. Ngakhale kuti liwu la “qīng” (青) m’dzina limatanthauza “wobiriwira” kapena “wobiriwira-buluu,” tiyi ameneyu ali m’gulu la tiyi wachikasu kwenikweni chifukwa cha gawo lofunika kwambiri lotchedwa “mènhāng” (闷黄) — kuphika konyowa komwe kumapanga mawonekedwe a “tsamba lachikasu ndi madzi a tiyi achikasu.” Dàyèqīng amasiyana ndi tiyi wina wachikasu chifukwa cha momwe amakonzedwera mosiyana: choyamba amawotcha pang’ono, kenako “kupha zobiriwira,” ndipo pambuyo pa kukulunga — kuphika mozungulira. Uwu ndi tiyi wachikasu yekhayo amene amayamba kukonzedwa ndi gawo la kuwotcha pang’ono, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ukadaulo wa kupanga tiyi wa oolong ndi wofiira.

1. Gawo ndi Chiyambi:

Mtundu: Tiyi wachikasu (黄茶, huángchá), wothira pang’ono. Ali m’gulu la “tiyi wachikasu wamatsamba akulu” (黄大茶, huáng dà chá) — pamodzi ndi Huángshān Huángdàchá wochokera m’chigawo cha Anhui.
Kagawo: Mkaka wa chigawo cha Guangdong, woimira kalasi ya huáng dà chá.
Chiyambi: China, chigawo cha Guangdong (广东, Guǎngdōng). Madera akulu opangira: mzinda wa Shaoguan (韶关, Sháoguān), Zhaoqing (肇庆, Zhàoqìng), Zhanjiang (湛江, Zhànjiāng), pamodzi ndi maboma ena a Meizhou (梅州, Méizhōu) ndi Qingyuan (清远, Qīngyuān).
Ma coordinates a geography: Pafupifupi 24°–25° kumpoto kwa latitude, 112°–114° kummawa kwa longitude.

2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo Lachikhalidwe:

Mbiri: Kupangidwa kwa Dàyèqīng kudachitika m’nthawi ya Mfumu ya Ming, nthawi yolamulira pansi pa Longqing (隆庆, Lóngqìng, 1567–1572). Olima tiyi aku Guangdong, potengera zomera zamasamba akulu amtundu wa tiyi wakomweko ndi waku Yunnan, adapanga ukadaulo wapadera wophatikiza kuwotcha pang’ono ndi kuphika kenako. Pa nthawi ya Mfumu ya Qing (清, Qīng, 1644–1912) kupanga kudakula kwambiri: Dàyèqīng pamodzi ndi Jūnshān Yín Zhēn adakhala m’gulu la tiyi wachikasu wodziwika kwambiri ku China. M’zaka za m’ma 1900, kuchuluka kwa kupanga kudachepa chifukwa cha mpikisano wamsika ndi tiyi wobiriwira ndi wofiira. Kuyambiranso kudayamba m’zaka za 2010: mu 2014 Dàyèqīng adalandira chiphaso cha “National Geographical Indication” (国家地理标志, Guójiā dìlǐ biāozhì). Mu 2021, ukadaulo wopangira udalembedwa m’kaundula wa zolowa za chikhalidwe chosagwirika cha chigawo cha Guangdong.
Dzina:
- “Dà” (大) — chachikulu, chokulirapo.
- “Yè” (叶) — tsamba.
- “Qīng” (青) — wobiriwira, wobiriwira-buluu (komanso kumatanthauza “wachichepere,” “watsopano”).
- Choncho, “Dàyèqīng” kumasulira kwenikweni “tiyi wobiriwira wamatsamba akulu.” Dzinalo limasonyeza zomera — masamba akulu a mtundu wa tiyi waku Yunnan — ndi mtundu wobiriwira pang’ono wa tsamba louma, lomwe ngakhale ataphikidwa, limasunga mtundu wobiriwira woderapo ndi kachikasu pang’ono. Chifukwa cha dzinali, Dàyèqīng nthawi zambiri amalakwitsidwa kuti ndi tiyi wobiriwira kapena oolong (qīngchá, 青茶), ngakhale malinga ndi ukadaulo ndi kakomedwe kake ndi wa tiyi wachikasu.
- Dzina lina: Guǎngdōng Dàyèqīng (广东大叶青, Guǎngdōng Dàyèqīng).
Tanthauzo lachikhalidwe: Dàyèqīng ndi chizindikiro cha chikhalidwe cha tiyi cha Lingnan (岭南, Lǐngnán) — dera la mbiri ndi chikhalidwe “kumwera kwa mapiri,” lomwe limaphatikiza Guangdong ndi madera oyandikana. Tiyi uyu ndi m’modzi mwa tiyi wachikasu wochepa kwambiri opangidwa kumwera kwa China, zomwe zimamupanga kukhala gawo lofunika la cholowa cha tiyi cha m’derali. M’zaka zaposachedwa, Dàyèqīng wayikidwa ngati chinthu cha zokopa alendo za tiyi, makamaka m’dera la Danxia (丹霞, Dānxiá) pafupi ndi Shaoguan — malo a World Heritage a UNESCO.

3. Malongosoledwe a Zomera ndi Zomera:

Mtundu wa zomera: Monga zomera, amagwiritsa ntchito makamaka mtundu wa tiyi wamasamba akulu waku Yunnan — Camellia sinensis var. assamica, wodziwika ku China monga Yúnnán dàyè zhǒng (云南大叶种, Yúnnán dàyè zhǒng). Uwu ndi mtundu wa mtengo (乔木型, qiáomù xíng) wa masamba akulu, wosiyana ndi mitundu ya tchire ya masamba ang’ono a pakati ndi kum’mawa kwa China. Masamba amakula kufika 10–15 cm muutali ndi 5–7 cm mukulira, amakhala ndi polyphenol a tiyi ochuluka (≥30% ya chinthu chouma). Kuphatikiza apo, amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yamagulu aku Guangdong (群体种, qúntǐ zhǒng).
Kukolola: Nyengo yayikulu yokolola imachitika masika (March–April) ndi chilimwe (May–June). Kukolola kwa masika kumabweretsa zomera zanunkhira bwino komanso zosakhwima, kwa chilimwe — zamphamvu komanso zokoma.
Muyezo wokolola: Mphukira imodzi ndi masamba awiri kapena atatu (一芽二三叶, yī yá èr sān yè). Kwa mitundu yapamwamba, mphukira imodzi ndi masamba awiri ndikololedwa.
Zofunikira pa zomera: Masamba ayenera kukhala atsopano, athanzi, opanda kuwonongeka. Mphukira zokhala ndi mitsitsi yowoneka bwino (显毫, xiǎn háo) ndizoyenera. Kukolola kumachitika pa nyengo youma, makamaka m’mawa mame akaphwa.

4. Malo ndi Makonda a Kulima:

Dera: Chigawo cha Guangdong chili kumwera kwa China. Malire a kumpoto kwa derali amadziwika ndi mapiri a Nanling (南岭, Nánlǐng), omwe amateteza kumadera ozizira a kumpoto. Kupyolera pakati pa chigawochi kumadutsa North Tropic.
Kutalika: Minda ya tiyi ili pamtunda wa 300 mpaka 800 mita pamwamba pa nyanja. Zomera zabwino kwambiri zimachokera ku minda ya pafupifupi 500–800 mita.
Dothi: Padzikoli pali dothi lofiira ndi lofiirira lofiirira (红壤, hóng rǎng), lopangidwa ndi miyala ya granite ndi volcano yowola. Dothi ndi acidic (pH 4.5–5.5), lothira madzi bwino, lokhala ndi chitsulo ndi aluminiyamu wambiri. M’dera la Shaoguan Danxia — pali dothi lapadera la mchenga wofiira, lolemera ndi selenium (0.15–0.35 mg/kg).
Nyengo: Nyengo ya subtropical ndi tropical monsoon. Kutentha kwapakati pachaka kumakhala ≥22°C, m’mapiri — pafupifupi 20.5°C. Mvula yapachaka ndi 1500–1800 mm. Chinyezi chambiri, chifunga nthawi zambiri (kufika masiku 200 pachaka m’mapiri), kusiyana kwakukula kwa kutentha pakati pa usana ndi usiku kumathandizira kukula pang’onopang’ono kwa tsamba ndi kudzikundikira kwa zinthu zonunkhira.
Makonda: Minda ya tiyi ili m’mapiri ndi m’zigwa (山地和低山丘陵), zomwe zimathandiza kuti madzi aziyenda ndi kuunikira koyenera. Mafamu ena amagwiritsa ntchito ulimi wachilengedwe wokhala ndi kayendedwe kozungulira: “famu ya nkhumba – biogas – munda wa tiyi.”

5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:

Ukadaulo wopangira Dàyèqīng ndi wapadera pakati pa tiyi wachikasu. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi kukhalapo kwa gawo la kuwotcha pang’ono asanaphe zobiriwira, zomwe sizachilendo pa kalasi iyi ya tiyi ndipo zikuyandikitsa ndondomeko ya kupanga oolong. Kupanga kumaphatikiza magawo asanu akulu:

Kuwotcha pang’ono (萎凋 — wěidiāo): Masamba angotoleredwa amayalidwa mopyapyala pa nsengwa za nsungwi kapena panja ndipo amasiyidwa kwa maola 4–8. Pa nthawi imeneyi, masamba amataya chinyezi pang’ono, amakhala ofewa ndi osavuta kupinda. Kuwotcha kumayambitsa ma enzyme, kumayambitsa kayendedwe koyamba ka okosijeni ndikuthandizira kukulitsa fungo. Ichi ndiye chinthu chosiyanitsa Dàyèqīng ndi tiyi wina wachikasu, kumene kukonza kumayamba ndi “kupha zobiriwira.”
“Kupha zobiriwira” (杀青 — shā qīng): Masamba owotcha pang’ono amakonzedwa m’mphika zotentha (锅, guō) pa kutentha kwa 220–240°C. Njira zophatikiza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: kusinthana kwa kutentha kwawonekera (透炒, tòu chǎo) ndi kuphikira kotsekeka (闷炒, mèn chǎo). Gawo limeneli limayimitsa ma enzyme, kuletsa oxidation yosalamulirika, kukhazikitsa mtundu ndi fungo. Njira ya “tòu-mèn” (透闷结合) imathandiza kuti pakhale kukoma komanso kuzama kwa kakomedwe.
Kukulunga (揉捻 — róuniǎn): Masamba amakulungidwa pa makina othinana (kapena pamanja) kwa mphindi pafupifupi 45. Nchitoyi imagawidwa m’zigawo ziwiri: choyamba — mphindi 30 (mphindi 15 popanda kukakamiza, mphindi 10 ndi kukakamiza pang’ono, mphindi 5 kupuma), chachiwiri — mphindi 15 (mphindi 10 ndi kukakamiza kwapakati, mphindi 5 kupuma). Cholinga ndi kupereka tsamba mawonekedwe a chingwe cholimba, kuphwanya makoma a selo kuti atulutse bwino akamathira, osati kuwononga umphumphu wa tsamba ndi mitsitsi yoyera.
Kuphika / Mèn duī (闷堆 — mèn duī): Gawo lofunika kwambiri lomwe limapanga makhalidwe a tiyi wachikasu. Masamba okulungidwa amawayika muzenera za nsungwi zokhala ndi utali wa 30–40 cm, kuphimba ndi nsalu yonyowa ndikusiya m’chipinda chotsekedwa. Kutentha kwa tsamba kumakhala pafupifupi 35°C. Nthawi yokhalira imadalira kutentha kwa malo: ngati kutentha kwa chipinda kuli pansi pa 25°C — maola 4–5; ngati kutentha kuposa 28°C — pafupifupi maola 3. Pa nthawi yophika, pali auto-oxidation yopanda enzyme: ma polyphenol ndi chlorophyll amawonongeka pang’ono chifukwa cha kutentha ndi chinyezi (popanda ma enzyme), kupanga utoto wachikasu ndikuchotsa kupweteka kobiriwira. Chizindikiro chakuti tsamba lakonzeka: tsamba limatenga mtundu wobiriwira-wachikasu ndi kuwala kowoneka, “qīngqì” (青气) — fungo lophulika la udzu — limachoka, fungo lanunkhira bwino, loyera limawonekera.
Kuumitsa (干燥 — gānzào): Kumachitika m’magawo awiri. Kutentha koyamba — “máo huǒ” (毛火, máo huǒ) — pa kutentha kwa 110–120°C kuti achepetse mwachangu chinyezi. Kutentha kwachiwiri — “zú huǒ” (足火, zú huǒ) — pa kutentha pafupifupi 90°C kuti akhazikitse fungo ndikuchepetsa chinyezi kufika ≤6%. Kuumitsa kwa magawo awiri kumatsimikizira kuti tiyi ndi wokhazikika pakusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
Kusanja ndi Kusakaniza (分级拼配 — fēnjí pīnpèi): Máochá (毛茶) womaliza amasanjidwa molingana ndi kukula, mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wa tsamba. Ngati kufunika, amachotsa olakwika ndi kuwapatula, poyesetsa kusunga umphumphu wa tsamba. Tiyi wosanjidwa amasakanizidwa malinga ndi miyezo ya giredi yoperekedwa (kuchokera pa 1st mpaka 5th grade).

6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:

Maonekedwe a tsamba louma: Masamba akulu, odzaza, olimba a mawonekedwe a chingwe (条索肥壮紧结, tiáo suǒ féi zhuàng jǐn jié). Tsamba ndi lolemera, lolimba, lathunthu, lokhala ndi mitsitsi yoyera yowoneka bwino. Kukula kwa tsamba kumaposa tiyi wina wachikasu wambiri. Mtundu ndi wobiriwira woderapo wokhala ndi kachikasu kowoneka bwino (青润显黄).
Fungo la tsamba louma: Loyera, losakhwima, lokhala ndi fungo lodziwika la “guō bā xiāng” (锅耙香, guō bā xiāng) — fungo lofunda lofanana ndi mpunga wowotcha. Kutengera ndi kukonzedwa kwake, pakhoza kukhala fungo lopepuka la maluwa ndi zipatso.
Fungo la madzi amtundu wa tiyi: Loyera, lowonekera bwino, ndi fungo lofunda la mkate ndi wowotcha. Limaphulika pang’onopang’ono: kuthira koyamba kumabweretsa fungo latsopano, lachomera, kwa kena — lozama komanso lofunda. Mwa ziwerengero zakale, fungo la “chén xiāng” (陈香) — kukhwima kwaulemu — kumawonekera.
Kakomedwe: Wodzaza, wolemera (浓醇, nóng chún), wokhala ndi mawonekedwe a mafuta odziwika bwino. M’kakomedwe muli zinthu zokoma za malt, mbeu yowotcha, chestnut. Kupweteka kumakhala kochepera, kumasintha mwachangu kukhala kutsekemera kokhalitsa (回甘, huí gān). Kuwawa kumakhala kochepa chifukwa cha gawo la mèn duī lomwe limachepetsa ma catechin aulere. Kutsekemera kumakhalitsa, kumakhala ndi kekhalidwe kofewa ka mchere.
Mtundu wa madzi amtundu wa tiyi: wowala, wowoneka bwino, wachikasu chowala cha lalanje (橙黄明亮, chéng huáng míng liàng). Tiyi akakalamba, madzi amatha kukhala amtundu wozama, wowala ngati amber.
Pansi pa tiyi (tsamba lothira): Masamba amtundu wa chikasu chowala (淡黄匀整), ofewa, osalala, otambasulidwa bwino. Pa ziwerengero zabwino, m’mphepete mwa tsamba muli mphete yofiira (红边, hóng biān), yomwe imasonyeza kuti gawo la kuwotcha linachitidwa moyenera.

7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:

Polyphenol: Kuchuluka kwa polyphenol a tiyi mu Dàyèqīng kumakhala pafupifupi 14–18% ya chinthu chouma — chocheperapo kwambiri kusiyana ndi zomera zoyambirira (≥30%), zomwe zimatanthauzidwa ndi kuwonongeka pang’ono kwa ma catechin panthawi ya mèn duī. Chigawo chachikulu ndi epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), ngakhale kuchuluka kwake kumakhala kocheperapo kusiyana ndi tiyi wobiriwira wochokera ku chomera chofananacho. Gawo la kuphika limathandizira kusandutsa ma catechin ena kukhala theaflavins ndi thearubigins, omwe amapanga mtundu ndi kakomedwe ka madzi a tiyi.
Amino acids: Kuchuluka kwa amino acid aulere — 2–4%. L-theanine ndiye amino acid yayikulu, yomwe imapereka chitsanzo cha umami ndi kumasula. Zomera zapamwamba zochokera kumadera apakati (makamaka zokolola za masika) zimatha kukhala ndi 6% ya amino acid.
Alkaloids: Caffeine — 3–4% ya chinthu chouma (kuchuluka kwapamwamba kuposa pafupifupi pakati pa tiyi wachikasu, zomwe zikufotokozedwa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa var. assamica). Theobromine ndi theophylline amapezeka pang’ono.
Mavitamini: Vhitamini C (ngakhale kuti amachepa pamene akutenthedwa), mavitamini a gulu B (B1, B2, B6), vhitamini E.
Mchere: Potaziyamu, magnesium, manganese, zinc, fluoride. Zomera zochokera m’dera la Danxia zimatha kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa selenium.
Ma enzyme othandiza kugaya chakudya: Pa nthawi ya mèn duī, ma enzyme othandiza kugaya chakudya (消化酶, xiāohuà méi) amapangidwa, omwe amasungidwa mu tiyi womaliza ndikuthandiza kugaya chakudya. Mphamvu imeneyi ndi yodziwika kwa tiyi wachikasu onse.

8. Ubwino Wachilengedwe:

Kuthandiza kugaya chakudya: Ma enzyme othandiza kugaya chakudya omwe amapangidwa pa nthawi ya mèn duī amathandiza kugawa chakudya ndikuyendetsa bwino ntchito ya m’mimba. Mwamwambo amalimbikitsidwa pambuyo pa chakudya chambiri.
Chitetezo cha antioxidant: Polyphenol ndi catechin amachotsa ma free radicals, akuchedwetsa ukalamba wa maselo.
Mphamvu yolimbikitsa: Kuchuluka kwa caffeine kumapereka mphamvu yotsitsimula, pomwe L-theanine imachepetsa, kupanga kuti kutsitsimula kukhala kofewa komanso kosalekeza.
Kuthandiza kagayidwe ka mafuta: Polyphenol amathandiza kufulumizitsa kugawa mafuta ndikuchepetsa mlingo wa cholesterol woyipa m’magazi.
Kuwongolera shuga: Ma polysaccharides a tiyi ndi ma catechin amatha kuchedwetsa kuyamwa kwa chakudya ndikuwongolera mlingo wa glucose.
Kuthetsa kutupa: Ma polyphenolic compounds amathetsa kutupa pang’ono.
Kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi: Kumwa pafupipafupi molingana kungathandize kugwira ntchito kwa chitetezo cha mthupi chifukwa cha zotsatira zophatikizana za antioxidants, amino acid ndi mchere.

9. Kuthira:

Kutentha kwa madzi: 95–100°C. Dàyèqīng, mosiyana ndi tiyi wachikasu wosakhwima wochokera ku mphukira (Jūnshān Yín Zhēn, Méngdǐng Huáng Yá), umapirira ndipo umafuna kutentha kwakukulu kuti utulutse bwino kakomedwe ka masamba akulu.
Kuchuluka kwa tiyi: 5 g pa 150 ml ya madzi (chiŵerengero 1:30).
Zida: Gaiwan (盖碗, gàiwǎn) ya porcelain kapena ceramic yowala — ndiye chisankho chabwino, chomwe chimalola kuwongolera kutulutsa ndikuwona kutambasuka kwa tsamba. Komanso teapot ya Yixing ya dongo lofiirira (紫砂壶, zǐshā hú) ndi yoyenera, yomwe imatsindika kulemera ndi kuzama kwa kakomedwe. Zida zamagalasi zimalola kuyamikira mtundu wa madzi a tiyi.
Ndondomeko:
1. Tenthetsani gaiwan ndi chahai ndi madzi owira, tsanulani madziwo.
2. Ikani 5 g wa tiyi wouma, tsekani chivundikiro kwa masekondi angapo, muzisangalala ndi fungo la tsamba lotenthedwa.
3. Kuthira kotsuka: thirani madzi owira, siyani kwa masekondi 5, tsanulani. Izi “zimadzutsa” tsamba lalikulu ndikuchotsa fumbi.
4. Kuthira koyamba: thirani madzi a 95–100°C, siyani kwa masekondi 10–15, tsanulani mu chahai.
5. Gawani m’makapu, yamikirani mtundu ndi fungo.
6. Kuthira kotsatira: onjezani nthawi ndi masekondi 5–10 pa kuthira kulikonse. Dàyèqīng wabwino amapitirira kuthira kwathunthu 6–8.

10. Kusunga:

Dàyèqīng ayenera kusungidwa pamalo owuma, ozizirira, opanda kuwala, kutali ndi magwero a fungo lachilendo. Chotengera chabwino ndi chidebe chosindikizidwa cha malata kapena ceramic, kapena thumba la foil lokhala ndi valavu. Kutentha kosungira — m’chipinda (15–25°C), chinyezi — osapitirira 60%. Adani akulu: chinyezi, kuwala kwa dzuwa, fungo lachilendo ndi mpweya. Mosiyana ndi tiyi wobiriwira, Dàyèqīng safuna kusungidwa mufiriji. Tiyi watsopano amalimbikitsidwa kupumula kwa masabata 1–2 mutagula kuti atuluke ku kutentha kotsalira kwa kuumitsa, ndipo mutatsegula paketi — amwe pa masiku 7–10 kuti asunge fungo labwino. Nthawi yosungira popanda kutaya mtundu kwambiri — mpaka miyezi 12–18.

11. Mtengo ndi Kupsya:

Dàyèqīng ali m’gulu lamitengo yapakati pakati pa tiyi wachikasu. Mtengo umasiyana kwambiri kutengera giredi: mitundu yapamwamba (特级, tèjí) yokhala ndi mitsitsi yambiri imatha kuwononga kuyambira 500 yuan pa jin (500 g) kupitirira, pomwe wamba za giredi 3–5 ndizotsika mtengo. Mtengo umakhudzidwa ndi: nyengo yokolola (ya masika ndi yodula kuposa ya chilimwe), zaka za mitengo ya tiyi, kutalika kwa munda ndi mbiri ya wopanga.

Momwe mungapewere kupsya:
- Gulani kwa ogulitsa odalirika, omwe amagulitsa makamaka tiyi wachikasu kapena tiyi wa Guangdong. Fufuzani chizindikiro cha “National Geographical Indication.”
- Yang’anani maonekedwe: Dàyèqīng weniweni ndi zingwe zazikulu, zodzaza, zolemera zokhala ndi mitsitsi yowoneka ndi mtundu wobiriwira-wachikasu. Tsamba laling’ono, losweka ndi chizindikiro cha mtundu wotsika kapena kupsya.
- Yang’anani fungo: fungo lodziwika la “guō bā xiāng” (kutumphuka kotentha) ndi chizindikiro cha Dàyèqīng. Ngati fungo ndi losalala, la udzu chabe kapena ndi mafungo achilendo — ndiye kuti mwina ndi tiyi wobiriwira wonyenga ngati wachikasu.
- Yang’anani madzi a tiyi: ayenera kukhala owonekera, achikasu chowala cha lalanje, ndi kakomedwe koyera kopanda kuwawa kwambiri. Mtundu wobiriwira kapena wosaonekera umasonyeza kupsya kapena kusokonezeka kwa ukadaulo.
- Mtengo wokayikitsa wotsika: ngati “Dàyèqīng” akugulitsidwa motsika mtengo kuposa 100 yuan pa jin, mwina ndi tiyi wamba wobiriwira wamatsamba akulu wopanda gawo la mèn duī.

12. Zosangalatsa:

Dàyèqīng ndi tiyi wachikasu yekhayo ku China amene ukadaulo wake umaphatikiza kuwotcha pang’ono kokwanira (萎凋) asanaphe zobiriwira. Makhalidwe amenewa amamuyandikitsa ndi tiyi wofiira ndi oolong, kupangitsa ukadaulo wa Dàyèqīng kukhala “mlatho” pakati pa magulu osiyanasiyana a tiyi.
Ngakhale pali liwu la “qīng” (青, wobiriwira) m’dzina, Dàyèqīng si tiyi wobiriwira. Ilimo ndi lolakwitsa lofala kwambiri pakati pa okonda tiyi oyamba kumene, omwe amamulepheretsa ndi qīngchá (青茶) — oolong.
Dera la Danxia (丹霞) pafupi ndi Shaoguan, komwe kuli minda yabwino kwambiri ya Dàyèqīng, lili ndi dzina la World Heritage la UNESCO chifukwa cha mawonekedwe apadera a mchenga wofiira. Dothi la selenium la m’derali limapereka tiyi wake kakhalidwe kake kake kake ka mchere.
Dàyèqīng ndi m’modzi mwa tiyi wachikasu ochepa kwambiri opangidwa kumwera kwa Mtsinje wa Yangtze. Ambiri mwa tiyi wachikasu (Jūnshān Yín Zhēn, Méngdǐng Huáng Yá, Huòshān Huáng Yá) amapangidwa ku Central China — m’zigawo za Hunan, Sichuan, Anhui.
Kuchuluka kwa kupanga Dàyèqīng pamlingo wa msika wa tiyi ku Guangdong kumakhalabe kochepa, zomwe zimamupanga kukhala “tiyi wa akatswiri” — wosadziwika kwambiri kunja kwa gulu la akatswiri a tiyi.

13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wina Wachikasu:

Huòshān Huángdàchá (霍山黄大茶, Huòshān Huángdàchá): M’bale wapafupi wa Dàyèqīng m’kalasi (onse ndi huáng dà chá). Amapangidwa m’chigawo cha Anhui. Kusiyana kwakukulu: Huángdàchá sadutsa gawo la kuwotcha, kukonza kumayamba ndi “kupha zobiriwira” m’mphika. Kakomedwe ka Huángdàchá ndi kosavuta komanso kolunjika, ndi fungo la “jiāo xiāng” (焦香, fungo lotentha), pamene Dàyèqīng ali ndi kuzama komanso mawonekedwe a mafuta chifukwa cha kuwotcha.
Jūnshān Yín Zhēn (君山银针, Jūnshān Yín Zhēn): Tiyi wachikasu wotchuka wochokera ku mphukira (huáng yá chá). Amasiyana kwambiri ndi Dàyèqīng pa zomera (mphukira zoyera vs. tsamba lalikulu), mawonekedwe (ofewa, osalala vs. okhuthala, odzaza) ndi kakomedwe (kutsekemera kowonekera vs. mphamvu ya malt). Jūnshān Yín Zhēn ndi tiyi wa mwambo womwe umafuna kuganiza mozama, Dàyèqīng ndi wa iwo amene amayamikira kulemera ndi mphamvu m’kakomedwe.
Méngdǐng Huáng Yá (蒙顶黄芽, Méngdǐng Huáng Yá): Tiyi wina wochokera ku mphukira, wochokera ku Sichuan. Poyerekeza ndi Dàyèqīng — ndi wopepuka kwambiri, wamaluwa, wokhala ndi kutsekemera kowonekera komanso kupweteka kochepera. Dàyèqīng pamenepa amawoneka ngati “katswiri wolemera” wa tiyi wachikasu.
Píngyáng Huáng Tāng (平阳黄汤, Píngyáng Huáng Tāng): Tiyi wachikasu wochokera ku Zhejiang, wa m’gulu la huáng xiǎo chá (tiyi wamasamba aang’ono). Ndi wopepuka komanso wotsitsimula kuposa Dàyèqīng, wokhala ndi fungo la chestnut. Dàyèqīng amamuposa kwambiri pakulemera kwa thupi ndi kutalika kwa kutsekemera.

Pomaliza:

Dàyèqīng ndi tiyi wodabwitsa: tiyi wachikasu wokhala ndi dzina “lobiriwira,” woimira kumwera kwa kalasi yomwe imachitika makamaka ku “Central China,” wokhala ndi ukadaulo wapadera pakati pa tiyi wachikasu onse. Thupi lake lodzaza, lamafuta, fungo loseketsa la kutumphuka kwa mpunga ndi kutsekemera kwake kwautali kumamupanga kukhala chinthu chabwino kwa iwo omwe amadziwa kale tiyi wachikasu wosakhwima wochokera ku mphukira ndipo akufuna china chake chokhazikika komanso chosiyana. Dàyèqīng ndi kakomedwe ka Lingnan, kumwera kotentha, dothi lofiira ndi mapiri akale a Danxia, omwe ali mkati mwa chingwe cholemera, cholemera cha tsamba lalikulu la tiyi.